528: Prevalence of hepatitis B infection by test for HBsAg and HBV DNA during pregnancy and risk of perinatal vertical transmission: a multicenter, prospective study

2014 ◽  
Vol 210 (1) ◽  
pp. S260
Author(s):  
Min-Jeong Oh ◽  
Geum Joon Cho ◽  
Hai Joong Kim ◽  
Chae Seung Lim ◽  
Hyun-Kyong Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Study

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Reactivation in the Treatment of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327481876787
Author(s):  
Matthew Kelling ◽  
Lubomir Sokol ◽  
Samir Dalia
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Chronic active hepatitis B infection (HBV) has been implicated in lymphomagenesis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Treatment of cancer including NHL with chemotherapy or immunotherapy can lead to HBV reactivation in previously infected patients. Serological testing of HBV prior to initiation of this therapy is recommended by several national and international medical agencies and expert panels. Patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc ab) need to start antiviral therapy with entecavir or tenofovir prior to initiation of chemotherapy or immunotherapy and continue this treatment for 6 to 12 months after completion of cancer therapy to avoid late HBV reactivation. Monitoring of HBV DNA viral load and liver function tests should be done during cancer therapy in infected patients. Hepatitis B infection vaccination resulted in decreases prevalence of HBV virus carriers and decreased incidence of virus-induced malignancies.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Hepatits B Infection Among Patients Attending Liver Unit in Nepalgunj Medical College – Kohalpur

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
Dipendra Khadka ◽  
Sudhamshu KC ◽  
Niyanta Karki ◽  
Sandip Khadka ◽  
Kiran Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Liver Unit ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Introduction: Hepatitis B infection is a global problem. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection related liver disease is also not an uncommon problem in our country too. Reports regarding pattern of chronic HBV infection are also lacking. The aim of the present study was to determine the spectrum of chronic HBV infection among patients attending the liver clinic in a tertiary care center. Method: A hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Liver unit of Nepalgunj Medical College, Kohalpur, from April 2018 to November 2018. All patients with HBsAg positive were further tested for HBeAg, HBeAb, HBV DNA quantitative and liver function test. Ultrasound examination was advised for any evidence of chronic liver disease. Staging was done according to viral serology, liver biochemistry and ultrasonography of liver Results: Total patients enrolled were 119. Majority of patents were in between 30-60 years (51.3%) with male predominance 59.7%. Most of patients were in the stage of HBeAg negative chronic infection 66.4% with normal transaminase and HBV DNA <2000 IU/ML. Majority of patients having unknown source of infection 90.8%. Incidental detection (67.2%) was common mode of detection. Conclusions: Majority of patients were in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B infection phase with normal transaminase and low HBV DNA not requiring treatment.

scholarly journals Occult hepatitis B virus infection among hemodialysis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahil Nahid Samiei ◽  
Somayeh Shokri ◽  
Shahab Mahmoudvand ◽  
Manoochehr Makvandi ◽  
Heshmatollah Shahbazian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Occult Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B virus is a major public health impasse all over the world. Recently a new form of hepatitis B infection named Occult hepatitis B Infection (OBI) has appeared globally. The OBI is defined as the presence of HBV DNA in the liver and/or blood in the absence of detectable serum HBsAg with/without anti-HBc or anti-HBs. The prevalence of OBI has been reported in hemodialysis (HD) patients in different regions of the world. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of OBI among HD patients. The cross-sectional study was carried out on 84 HD patients. These sera were checked for HBsAg, HBc-IgG assessment using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The DNA was extracted from the sera samples and tested for HBVDNA detection using Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (Nested PCR). The liver function tests including serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were carried out for all the HD individuals. 52/84(61.9%) of HD were males and 32/84 (38.1%) were females. The patient’s age ranged from 25 to 64 with a mean age of 52.4±15.2 years. HBsAg and HBc-IgG were detected in 1(1.1%) female. 2 (2.4%; a female and a male) patients were positive for HBsAg. 14/84 (16.7%; 6 female and 8 male) HD patients were positive for anti-HBc but negative for HBsAg, among them 4(28.6%; 2 female and 2 male) cases were positive for HBV DNA, indicating the presence of OBI in HD patients. Even distribution of OBI among the HD was found in 2(2.36%) male and 2(2.36%) female (P>.0.05). In the present study the moderate rate of 4.76% OBI has been observed in HD patients. The prevalence of seropositive OBI among the gender was 2(2.36%) male and 2(2.36%) female. The seronegative OBI have not been detected in the present study but requires further investigation. In this study the affliction of OBI in HD patients is not clear.

Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B infection

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Marie-Louise Newell ◽  
Catherine Peckham
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Infected Woman ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Vaginal Secretions ◽  
Mother To Child

Most transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection occurs around the time of delivery through contact with contaminated vaginal secretions or blood. Hence, interventions to reduce vertical transmission of HBV depend on identification of the infected woman during pregnancy so that the newborn infant exposed to infection can be given immunoglobulin immediately after birth, and a course of immunization can be started.

scholarly journals Occult hepatitis B infection among individuals belonging to the aboriginal Nicobarese tribe of India

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1630-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haimanti Bhattacharya ◽  
Debdutta Bhattacharya ◽  
Subarna Roy ◽  
Attayur Purushothaman Sugunan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Occult Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
Occult Hbv ◽  
The People ◽  
Occult Hepatitis B

Introduction: The long-lasting persistence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes in the liver (with or without detectable HBV DNA) of individuals with negative for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) is termed occult HBV infection (OBI). The present study is a part of the follow up on efficacy of vaccination, 10 years post inception, and was designed to understand the prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B infection (OBI) among the aboriginal Nicobarese tribal community. Methodology: A total of 612 serum samples were collected and tested for various markers including HBsAg, Anti-HBs, Anti-HBc and HBV DNA. Part of S gene of the extracted HBV DNA was amplified by nested PCR. The amplified products were then subjected to sequencing. Genotyping was performed on the basis of phylogenetic relationship along with representative reference sequences from different sub genotypes. Results: The study revealed OBI in 11.1% of the people belonging to the Nicobarese tribe. Phylogenetic analysis showed only one genotype, HBV/D circulating among the Nicobarese population with ayw3 was the major serotype detected. Single or multiple amino acids substitutions were found in 5 of 34 samples (14.7%) which includes I110T, P120T, P/T127I, A128P, M133L and G159V. Conclusions: The detection of OBI among these aboriginal tribes is of great concern and stresses the need for the continuous surveillance as it may contribute to the progression of liver disease to a more advanced stage.

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