Galectin-3 in Atrial Fibrillation: A Novel Marker of Atrial Remodeling or Just Bystander?

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Kornej ◽  
Josephin Schmidl ◽  
Andreas Bollmann
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Galectin 3

scholarly journals Galectin-3 in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Restored Sinus Rhythm

Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-336
Author(s):  
Antoniya Kisheva ◽  
Yoto Yotov ◽  
Trifon Chervenkov ◽  
Atanas Angelov ◽  
Yana Bocheva
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Cardiac fibrosis is the hallmark of atrial remodeling in atrial fibrillation. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a biomarker of fibrosis. It is well studied in heart failure, but the data about its role in atrial fibrillation are sparse.Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of Gal-3 in patients with atrial fibrillation after sinus rhythm restoration, to examine the association between this biomarker and other factors for developing atrial fibrillation and to assess its prognostic role.Materials and methods: We included 67 patients (35 male) at the mean age of 67.36&plusmn;7.25 years, with Gal-3 test after sinus rhythm restoration, a subgroup of participants in placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of treatment with spironolactone. They were followed up for atrial fibrillation recurrence and hospitalizations. The effect of demographic parameters and other factors on Gal-3 levels were evaluated before and one year after treatment.Results: Mean Gal-3 at baseline was 16.9&plusmn;6.8 ng/ml. Higher levels of Gal-3 were associated with female gender (&#1088;=0.008), increasing age (&#1088;=0.005), renal dysfunction (p<0.0001) and gout (&#1088;=0.002). Higher thromboembolic risk as assessed by CHA2DS2-VASc score was significantly related to Gal-3. The levels of biomarker did not affect the number of atrial fibrillation recurrences (p=0.9) and hospitalizations. No correlation was found with treatment with spironolactone, antiarrhythmic and antihypertensive drugs.Conclusions: Higher Gal-3 in atrial fibrillation was associated with female sex, renal dysfunction, and history of gout. The levels of Gal-3 were not related to rhythm control. Treatment with spironolactone did not affect the biomarker of fibrosis Gal-3 in AF patients. Higher Gal-3 was related to high embolic risk.

scholarly journals Galectin-3 in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Versus Sinus Rhythm. Correlation with Left Atrial Volume and N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertoni M ◽  
◽  
Traini AM ◽  
Celli A ◽  
Bini C ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Atrial Volume ◽  
Left Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Galectin 3

Background: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is considered both a profibrotic biomarker in Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) and a biomarker of atrial remodeling in Atrial Fibrillation (AF). The Left Atrial Volume Index (LAVI) is an echocardiographic parameter considered an index of left atrial remodeling. Aim of this study was to analyse the relation of Gal-3 levels with both LAVI and N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with HFpEF and Persistent AF (HFpEF-PAF). Methods: Serum Gal-3 and NT-proBNP, along with LAVI were measured. A comparison of such parameters between 49 patients with HFpEF-PAF and 53 patients with HFpEF and sinus rhythm (HEpEF-SR) was made. Results: Galectin-3, NT-proBNP and LAVI were significantly higher in patients with HFpEF-PAF compared to HFpEF-SR (23±7 ng/mL vs 19.5±8.5 ng/mL, p=0.027; 3,406.8±2,321.9 pg/mL vs 1,459.6±1,372 pg/mL, p<0.001; 40.1±11mL/m² vs 28.4±7.7 mL/m², p<0.001, respectively). In HFpEF-PAF, Gal- 3 showed a significant correlation with both NT-proBNP (r=0.40, p=0.0038) and LAVI (r=0.28, p=0.044). We found a significant association between patients with higher levels of Gal-3 >17.8 ng/mL and HFpEF-PAF (p=0.002). Finally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex and traditional clinical AF risk factors showed that Gal-3 >17,8 ng/mL (OR 3.862, 95% CI 1.416 to 10.532, p=0.008) was an independent predictor of PAF. Conclusions: In patients with HFpEF-PAF Gal-3 was higher and related with both NT-proBNP and LAVI. The latter correlation may be relevant because LAVI is considered an index of left atrial remodeling. Moreover, higher levels of Gal-3>17,8 ng/mL were an independent predictor of PAF.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Correlation of Galectin-3 Concentration with the Measurements of Echocardiographic Parameters Assessing Left Atrial Remodeling and Function in Patients with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1108
Author(s):  
Paweł Wałek ◽  
Urszula Grabowska ◽  
Elżbieta Cieśla ◽  
Janusz Sielski ◽  
Joanna Roskal-Wałek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Persistent Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Left Atrial Wall ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Fibrosis Marker ◽  
And Function

Galectin-3 (gal-3) is a fibrosis marker and may play a role in fibrosis of the left atrium (LA). Left atrial wall fibrosis may influence the transition from paroxysmal to non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). In this study, we assessed the correlation of gal-3 concentration with the main echocardio-graphic parameters evaluating dimensions, volume, compliance, and left atrial contractility during AF and after successful electrical cardioversion (DCCV). The study included 63 patients with left atrial enlargement who qualified for DCCV due to persistent AF. The procedure recovered sinus rhythm in 43 (68.3%) patients. The concentration of gal-3 was negatively correlated with the echocardiographic parameters of LA including dimensions (LA length pre, rho = −0.38; p = 0.003), volume (LAV pre, rho = −0.39; p = 0.003), compliance (LASr mean post, rho = −0.33) and contractility (pLASRct mean post, rho = −0.33; p = 0.038). Negative correlations of gal-3 concentration were also observed in relation to the volume and contractility of the left ventricle. The concentration of gal-3 significantly negatively correlates with the size, systolic function, and compliance of the LA wall in patients with persistent AF. Determining gal-3 concentration in patients with persistent AF may help in the assessment of remodeling of the LA wall.

scholarly journals miR−21 and NT-proBNP Correlate with Echocardiographic Parameters of Atrial Dysfunction and Predict Atrial Fibrillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1118
Author(s):  
Jan-Thorben Sieweke ◽  
Tobias Jonathan Pfeffer ◽  
Saskia Biber ◽  
Shambhabi Chatterjee ◽  
Karin Weissenborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Circulating Biomarkers ◽  
Atrial Remodelling ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters

This study aimed to investigate the association of circulating biomarkers with echocardiographic parameters of atrial remodelling and their potential for predicting atrial fibrillation (AF). In patients with and without AF (n = 21 and n = 60) the following serum biomarkers were determined: soluble ST2 (sST2), Galectin−3 (Gal-3), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), microRNA (miR)−21, −29a, −133a, −146b and −328. Comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography was performed in all participants. Biomarkers were significantly altered in patients with AF. The echocardiographic parameter septal PA-TDI, indicating left atrial (LA) remodelling, correlated with concentrations of sST2 (r = 0.249, p = 0.048), miR−21 (r = −0.277, p = 0.012), miR−29a (r = −0.269, p = 0.015), miR−146b (r = −0.319, p = 0.004) and miR−328 (r = −0.296, p = 0.008). In particular, NT-proBNP showed a strong correlation with echocardiographic markers of LA remodelling and dysfunction (septal PA-TDI: r = 0.444, p < 0.001, LAVI/a’: r = 0.457, p = 0.001, SRa: r = 0.581, p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regressions analysis highlighted miR−21 and NT-proBNP as predictive markers for AF (miR−21: hazard ratio (HR) 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04–0.7, p = 0.009; NT-proBNP: HR 1.002 95%CI 1.001–1.004, p = 0.006). Combination of NT-proBNP and miR−21 had the best accuracy to discriminate patients with AF from those without AF (area under the curve (AUC)= 0.843). Our findings indicate that miR−21 and NT-proBNP correlate with echocardiographic parameters of atrial remodeling and predict AF, in particular if combined.

Biomarkers of Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 888-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas Tsioufis ◽  
Dimitris Konstantinidis ◽  
Ilias Nikolakopoulos ◽  
Evi Vemmou ◽  
Theodoros Kalos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis ◽  
The Ideal

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequently encountered cardiac arrhythmia globally and substantially increases the risk for thromboembolic disease. Albeit, 20% of all cases of AF remain undiagnosed. On the other hand, hypertension amplifies the risk for both AF occurrences through hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic mechanisms and cerebrovascular ischemia. Under this prism, prompt diagnosis of undetected AF in hypertensive patients is of pivotal importance. Method: We conducted a review of the literature for studies with biomarkers that could be used in AF diagnosis as well as in predicting the transition of paroxysmal AF to sustained AF, especially in hypertensive patients. Results: Potential biomarkers for AF can be broadly categorized into electrophysiological, morphological and molecular markers that reflect the underlying mechanisms of adverse atrial remodeling. We focused on P-wave duration and dispersion as electrophysiological markers, and left atrial (LA) and LA appendage size, atrial fibrosis, left ventricular hypertrophy and aortic stiffness as structural biomarkers, respectively. The heterogeneous group of molecular biomarkers of AF encompasses products of the neurohormonal cascade, including NT-pro BNP, BNP, MR-pro ANP, polymorphisms of the ACE and convertases such as corin and furin. In addition, soluble biomarkers of inflammation (i.e. CRP, IL-6) and fibrosis (i.e. TGF-1 and matrix metalloproteinases) were assessed for predicting AF. Conclusion: The reviewed individual biomarkers might be a valuable addition to current diagnostic tools but the ideal candidate is expected to combine multiple indices of atrial remodeling in order to effectively detect both AF and adverse characteristics of high risk patients with hypertension.

scholarly journals TASK-1 current is inhibited by phosphorylation during human and canine chronic atrial fibrillation

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (2) ◽  
pp. H126-H134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Harleton ◽  
Alessandra Besana ◽  
Parag Chandra ◽  
Peter Danilo ◽  
Tove S. Rosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Normal Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Phosphorylation Site ◽  
Chronic Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Atrial Tissue ◽  
Normal Sinus

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia with significant morbidities and only partially adequate therapeutic options. AF is associated with atrial remodeling processes, including changes in the expression and function of ion channels and signaling pathways. TWIK protein-related acid-sensitive K+ channel (TASK)-1, a two-pore domain K+ channel, has been shown to contribute to action potential repolarization as well as to the maintenance of resting membrane potential in isolated myocytes, and TASK-1 inhibition has been associated with the induction of perioperative AF. However, the role of TASK-1 in chronic AF is unknown. The present study investigated the function, expression, and phosphorylation of TASK-1 in chronic AF in atrial tissue from chronically paced canines and in human subjects. TASK-1 current was present in atrial myocytes isolated from human and canine hearts in normal sinus rhythm but was absent in myocytes from humans with AF and in canines after the induction of AF by chronic tachypacing. The addition of phosphatase to the patch pipette rescued TASK-1 current from myocytes isolated from AF hearts, indicating that the change in current is phosphorylation dependent. Western blot analysis showed that total TASK-1 protein levels either did not change or increased slightly in AF, despite the absence of current. In studies of perioperative AF, we have shown that phosphorylation of TASK-1 at Thr383 inhibits the channel. However, phosphorylation at this site was unchanged in atrial tissue from humans with AF or in canines with chronic pacing-induced AF. We conclude that phosphorylation-dependent inhibition of TASK-1 is associated with AF, but the phosphorylation site responsible for this inhibition remains to be identified.

scholarly journals Galectin-3 as a marker of interstitial atrial remodelling involved in atrial fibrillation

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Hernández-Romero ◽  
Juan Antonio Vílchez ◽  
Álvaro Lahoz ◽  
Ana I. Romero-Aniorte ◽  
Eva Jover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Atrial Remodelling ◽  
Galectin 3
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