Particulate matter emissions from flex-fuel vehicles with direct fuel injection

2021 ◽  
pp. 101078
Author(s):  
Luiz C. Daemme ◽  
Renato Penteado ◽  
Rodrigo S. Ferreira ◽  
Marcelo R. Errera ◽  
Sergio M. Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions ◽  
Flex Fuel ◽  
Direct Fuel Injection

scholarly journals Soot contamination of engine oil – the case of a small turbocharged spark-ignition engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Miłosław Kozak ◽  
Piotr Siejka
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Small City ◽  
Port Fuel Injection ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions ◽  
Main Observation

The paper presents the results of thermogravimetric tests of engine oil used in a small turbocharged spark-ignition engine. The main observation from the research was a significant soot contamination of engine oil, that appears even at its low mileage. This indicates that also in the case of port fuel injection spark-ignition engine, high particulate matter emissions may occur. It may therefore turn out that the small city car can be more harmful to the environment than much larger vehicles. A rapid soot contamination of the oil in this engine indicates as well that the oil change interval should be shortened.

scholarly journals Assessment of Environmental Risks of Particulate Matter Emissions from Road Transport Based on the Emission Inventory

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6123
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bebkiewicz ◽  
Zdzisław Chłopek ◽  
Hubert Sar ◽  
Krystian Szczepański ◽  
Magdalena Zimakowska-Laskowska
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions

The aim of this study is to investigate the environmental hazards posed by solid particles resulting from road transport. To achieve this, a methodology used to inventory pollutant emissions was used in accordance with the recommendations of the EMEP/EEA (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme/European Economic Area). This paper classifies particulates derived from road transport with reference to their properties and sources of origin. The legal status of environmental protection against particulate matter is presented. The emissions of particulate matter with different properties from different road transport sources is examined based on the results of Poland’s inventory of pollutant emissions in the year 2018. This study was performed using areas with characteristic traffic conditions: inside and outside cities, as well as on highways and expressways. The effects of vehicles were classified according to Euro emissions standards into the categories relating to the emissions of different particulate matter types. The results obtained showed that technological progress in the automobile sector has largely contributed to a reduction in particulate matter emissions associated with engine exhaust gases, and that this has had slight effect on particulate matter emissions associated with the tribological processes of vehicles. The conclusion formed is that it is advisable to undertake work towards the control and reduction of road transport particulate matter emissions associated with the sources other than engine exhaust gases.

scholarly journals Spectrochemical Analytical Characterisation of Particulate Matter Emissions Generated from In-Use Diesel Engine Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Richard Viskup ◽  
Yana Vereshchaga ◽  
Anna Theresia Stadler ◽  
Theresa Roland ◽  
Christoph Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Pollutant emissions from vehicles form major sources of metallic nanoparticles entering the environment and surrounding atmosphere. In this research, we spectrochemically analyse the chemical composition of particle matter emissions from in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles. We extracted diesel particulate matter from the end part of the tail pipes of more than 70 different vehicles. In the laboratory, we used the high-resolution laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) spectrochemical analytical technique to sensitively analyse chemical elements in different DPM samples. We found that PM is composed of major, minor and trace chemical elements. The major compound in PM is not strictly carbon but also other adsorbed metallic nanoparticles such as iron, chromium, magnesium, zinc and calcium. Besides the major elements in DPM, there are also minor elements: silicon, nickel, titan, potassium, strontium, molybdenum and others. Additionally, in DPM are adsorbed atomic trace elements like barium, boron, cobalt, copper, phosphorus, manganese and platinum. All these chemical elements form the significant atomic composition of real PM from in-use diesel engine vehicles.

scholarly journals Experimental and numerical investigations into effects of urea-water solution injection on tailpipe particulate matter emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 927-938
Author(s):  
Boxi Shen ◽  
Zhijun Li ◽  
Xiangjin Kong ◽  
Mengliang Li ◽  
Zhenguo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Numerical Investigations ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions
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