Impacts of oral Vibrio mimicus double-targeted DNA vaccine on the gut microbiota in grass carps (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and correlations with intestinal mucosa innate immunity

Innate immunity prevents pathogens from entering and spreading within the body. This function is especially important in the gastrointestinal tract and skin, as these organs have a large surface contact area with the outside environment. In the intestine, luminal commensal bacteria are necessary for adequate food digestion and play a crucial role in tolerance to benign antigens. Immune system damage can create an intestinal inflammatory response, leading to chronic disease including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an IBD of unknown etiology with increasing worldwide prevalence. In the intestinal mucosa of UC patients, there is an imbalance in the IL-33/ST2 axis, an important modulator of the innate immune response. This paper reviews the role of the IL-33/ST2 system in innate immunity of the intestinal mucosa and its importance in inflammatory bowel diseases, especially ulcerative colitis.

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Lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α factor in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): Evidence for its involvement in antiviral innate immunity

Fish & Shellfish Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.fsi.2012.11.045 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 538-545 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Hao Wang ◽

Xiaobao Shen ◽

Dan Xu ◽

Liqun Lu

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Grass Carp ◽

Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽

Antiviral Innate Immunity

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Nutritional intervention for the intestinal development and health of weaned pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz122.056 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 30-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yanhong Liu

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Mucosa ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Nutritional Intervention ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Intestinal Development ◽

Intestinal Health ◽

Gut Barrier ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Gut Barrier Function

Abstract Weaning imposes simultaneous stress, resulting in reduced feed intake and growth rate and increased morbidity and mortality of weaned pigs. Weaning impairs the intestinal integrity, disturbs digestive and absorptive capacity, and increases the intestinal oxidative stress and susceptibility of diseases in piglets. The improvement of intestinal development and health is critically important for enhancing nutrient digestibility capacity and disease resistance of weaned pigs, therefore, increasing their survival rate at this most vulnerable stage and overall productive performance during later stages. A healthy gut may include but not limited several important features: a healthy proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells, an integrated gut barrier function, a preferable or balanced gut microbiota, and a well-developed intestinal mucosa immunity. Burgeoning evidence suggested nutritional intervention are one of promising measures to enhance intestinal health of weaned pigs, although the exact protective mechanisms may vary and are still not completely understood. Previous research indicated that functional amino acids, such as arginine, cysteine, glutamine, or glutamate, may enhance intestinal mucosa immunity (i.e. increased sIgA secretion), reduce oxidative damage, stimulate proliferation of enterocytes, and enhance gut barrier function (i.e. enhanced expression of tight junction protein) of weaned pigs. A number of feed additives are marketed to assist in boosting intestinal immunity and regulating gut microbiota, therefore, reducing the negative impacts of weaning and other environmental challenges on piglets. The promising results have been demonstrated in antimicrobial peptides, clays, direct-fed microbials, micro-minerals, milk components, oligosaccharides, organic acids, phytochemicals, and many other feed additives. This review summarizes our current understanding of nutritional intervention on intestinal health and development of weaned pigs and the importance of mechanistic studies focusing on this research area.

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Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of grass carp intestines after vaccination with a double-targeted DNA vaccine of Vibrio mimicus

Fish & Shellfish Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 ◽

pp. 641-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jin-Nian Li ◽

Yu-Ting Zhao ◽

Shou-Lin Cao ◽

Hong Wang ◽

Jia-Jun Zhang

Keyword(s):

Dna Vaccine ◽

Grass Carp ◽

Vibrio Mimicus ◽

Proteomic Analyses

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Innate immunity in DNA vaccine with Toxoplasma gondii-heat shock protein 70 gene that induces DC activation and Th1 polarization

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.12.118 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 29 (10) ◽

pp. 1899-1905 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Masayuki Makino ◽

Noriko Uemura ◽

Masataka Moroda ◽

Akitoshi Kikumura ◽

Lian-Xun Piao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Heat Shock Protein ◽

Dna Vaccine ◽

Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽

Th1 Polarization

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The gut microbiota as a modulator of innate immunity during melioidosis

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0005548 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. e0005548 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Jacqueline M. Lankelma ◽

Emma Birnie ◽

Tassili A. F. Weehuizen ◽

Brendon P. Scicluna ◽

Clara Belzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Gut Microbiota

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Deep skin dysbiosis in vitiligo patients: link with mitochondrial and immune changes

10.1101/2020.07.29.20163469 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hanene Bzioueche ◽

Kotryna Simonyte Sjodin ◽

Christina E West ◽

Abdallah Khemis ◽

Stephane Rocchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Skin Surface ◽

White Skin ◽

Lesional Skin ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Dermatological Disorders ◽

Skin Biopsies ◽

Immune Changes

Rationale: Vitiligo is an autoimmune-disease characterized by patchy, white skin due to melanocyte loss. Commensal cutaneous or gut dysbiosis have been linked to various dermatological disorders. Here, we studied skin and gut microbiota of vitiligo patients compared to healthy controls. Methods: We recruited 20 subjects and obtained swabs and biopsies from lesional and non-lesional skin, stool and blood from each individual (total 100 samples). Results: We detected reduced richness and distribution of microbiota in stool of vitiligo subjects compared to controls (P<0.01). Skin swabs had greater alpha-diversity than skin biopsies (P<0.001), however only trends were seen between groups when examining microbiota at the skin surface. This was in contrast to sampling deeper layers of skin from the same patients which showed decreased richness and distribution of species (P<0.01) but greater phylogenetic diversity (P<0.01) in lesional compared to non-lesional sites. Biopsy microbiota from the lesional skin had distinct microbiota composition which was depleted of protective Bifidobacterium and enriched in Terenicutes, Streptococcus, Mycoplasma and mitochondrial DNA (P<0.001); the latter was linked with increased innate immunity and stress markers in the blood of the same patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: These data describe vitiligo-specific cutaneous and gut microbiota and, for the first time in humans, a link between mitochondrial alteration, innate immunity and skin microbiota.

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Gut microbiota-based vaccination engages innate immunity to improve blood glucose control in obese mice

10.1101/2021.07.15.452537 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brittany M Duggan ◽

Akhilesh K Tamrakar ◽

Nicole G Barra ◽

Fernando F Anhe ◽

Gabriella Paniccia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Glucose Control ◽

Subcutaneous Injection ◽

Blood Glucose Control ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Obese Mice ◽

Bacterial Extract ◽

Obesity And Diabetes

Obesity and diabetes increase circulating levels of microbial components derived from the gut microbiota. Individual bacterial factors (i.e., postbiotics) can have opposing effects on metabolic inflammation and blood glucose control. We tested the net effect of gut bacterial extracts on blood glucose using a microbiota-based vaccination strategy in mice. Male and female mice had improved insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control five weeks after a single subcutaneous injection of a specific dose of a bacterial extract obtained from the luminal contents of the proximal gut. Injection of mice with proximal gut extracts from germ-free mice revealed that bacteria were required for a microbiota-based vaccination to improve blood glucose control. Vaccination of Nod1-/-, Nod2-/-, and Ripk2-/- mice showed that each of these innate immune proteins was required for bacterial extract injection to improve blood glucose control. A microbiota-based vaccination promoted a proximal gut immunoglobulin-G (IgG) response directed against bacterial extract antigens, where subcutaneous injection of mice with the luminal contents of the ileum elicited a bacterial extract-specific IgG response that is compartmentalized to the ileum of vaccinated mice. A microbiota-based vaccination was associated with an altered the microbiota composition in the ileum and colon of mice. Lean mice required a single injection of proximal gut bacterial extracts, but high fat diet (HFD)-fed, obese mice required prime-boost bacterial extract injections for improvements in blood glucose control. These data show that, upon subversion of the gut barrier, vaccination with proximal gut bacterial extracts engages innate immunity to promote long-lasting improvements in blood glucose control in a dose-dependent manner.

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