Evolution of spatial patterns of subdecadal signals in annual rainfall in Southern South America and Southern and Central North America

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 147-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Abel Lucero ◽  
Norma C. Rodrı́guez
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Southern South America

scholarly journals Salvia reflexa (Lamiaceae): a new record for Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Wahid Hussain ◽  
Lal Badshah ◽  
Sayed Afzal Shah ◽  
Farrukh Hussain ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
New Record ◽  
New World ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Tribal Areas

Salvia reflexa Hornem., a member of the New World subgenus Calosphace, ranges from North America to southern South America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Afghanistan in Asia, and still continues to expand its range. Here we report further range expansion for S. reflexa into the tribal areas of Pakistan and hypothesize that it has been introduced from Afghanistan. This represents a new record for the flora of Pakistan.

Immature stages of the Australian flower-loving fly Apiocera striativentris (Diptera: Apioceridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4387 (2) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
DAVID J. FERGUSON ◽  
DAVID K. YEATES
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Late Instar

The Apioceridae (Diptera) are relatively large asiloid flies with just over 140 described species worldwide. They are closely related to both Mydidae and Asilidae, and most species are found in Australia and North America, however a handful are found in both southern Africa and southern South America. The immature stages of only one species is known, the Australian beach dune inhabiting species Apiocera maritima Hardy. Like most asiloid larvae, apiocerid larvae are assumed to be predators of other soft-bodied invertebrates in the soil. Anatomically the larvae and pupae are similar to those of closely related families. The larvae are elongate, cream-coloured, subcylindrical and with a small, well-sclerotised head capsule. The pupa has a number of robust processes and spines on the head capsule and rows of distinctive bristles on the abdominal tergites. These spines and bristles are used by the pupa to drill upwards out of the soil prior to adult emergence. Here we describe the late instar larva and pupa of the Australian species A. striativentris Paramonov and compare them to the larva and pupa of the previously described species. Apiocerid larvae have distinctive, rounded abdominal segments 2-5 that may be diagnostic for the family. 

The migration and evolution of floras in the southern hemisphere

Bothalia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Raven
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
The Past ◽  
Main Pathway ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
Northern And Southern Hemispheres

As modern groups of angiosperms have appeared over a period of more than 80 million years, the relative position of the southern continents has changed. For the First 20 m.y. of this period, opportunities for migration were good between Africa and Europe, and this constituted the main pathway for migration between the northern and southern hemispheres. South America progressively moved away from Africa and towards North America over the past 90 m.y. Southern South America and Australasia shared a rich, warm temperate rainforest flora until about 40 m.y. ago. The development of modern climates during the past 10 m.y. has set up modern patterns of vegetation.

Spatial patterns and evolutionary processes in southern South America: A study of dental morphometric variation

2009 ◽  
pp. NA-NA
Author(s):  
Valeria Bernal ◽  
S. Ivan Perez ◽  
Paula N. Gonzalez ◽  
Marina L. Sardi ◽  
Héctor M. Pucciarelli
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Southern South America

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment and Future Prediction Using CMIP6 and CMIP5 for Annual Precipitation and Extreme Precipitation Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Ran Huo ◽  
Hua Chen ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Tianhui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Precipitation Simulation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
Changing Rate

This study assesses the improvement of the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) over Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) for precipitation simulation. Precipitation simulations under different future climate scenarios are also compared in this work. The results show that: 1) CMIP6 has no overall advantage over CMIP5 in simulating total precipitation (PRCPTOT) and maximum consecutive dry days (CDD). The performance of CMIP6 increases or decreases regionally in PRCPTOT and consecutive dry days. But it is slightly worse than CMIP5 in simulating very wet days (R95pTOT). 2) Comparing the trend test results of CMIP5 and CMIP6 in the future, there are more areas with significant trend based on Mann–Kendall test in CMIP6 compared with that of CMIP5. The differences in PRCPTOT are mainly found in Amazon Basin and Western Africa. The differences between the R95pTOT trends mainly noticeable in South America and Western Africa, and the differences in CDD are mainly reflected in Central Asia, Sahara Desert and central South America. 3) In Southern South America and Western North America, the PRCPTOT changing rate of CMIP6 in the future under various scenarios is always greater than that of CMIP5; in Alaska, Western Africa, Southern Africa, the PRCPTOT changing rate of CMIP6 in the future under various scenarios is always less than that of CMIP5. In Southern South America, the R95pTOT changing rate of CMIP6 in the future under various scenarios is always greater than that of CMIP5; in Alaska, East Asia, North Asia, the R95pTOT changing rate of CMIP6 in the future under various scenarios is always less than that of CMIP5. In almost half of the regions, the CDD changing rate of CMIP6 is less than that of CMIP5 under all scenarios, namely Australia, Amazon Basin, Southern South America, Central America, Western North America, Central North America, Eastern North America, Central Asia, Tibet.

Redefinition of the vittata species group of Epicauta Dejean (1834) (Coleoptera: Meloidae) and taxonomic revision of the species from southern South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2824 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARÍA PAULA CAMPOS-SOLDINI ◽  
SERGIO ALBERTO ROIG-JUÑENT
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Species Group ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
First Time

The Epicauta vittata group are commonly known as striped blister beetles and was defined by previous authors to include 32 species, 18 from North America, Central America and northern South America, and 14 from southern South America. In the present revision we revised 22 species from South America, excluding the following southern South American species: E. borgmeieri Denier, 1935; E. floydwerneri Martínez, 1955; E. franciscana Denier, 1935; E. fulginosa (Oliver, 1795); E. purpureiceps (Berg, 1889); E. rutilifrons Borchmann, 1930; and E. zebra (Dohrn, 1876) because they do not have the diagnostic characters of the group. The species of the E. vittata group from southern South America are: E. bosqi Denier, 1935; E. clericalis (Berg, 1881); E. grammica (Fischer, 1827); E. leopardina (Haag-Rutemberg, 1880); E. luteolineata Pic, 1933; E. missionum (Berg, 1881); E. monachica (Berg, 1883); E. rutilifrons Borchmann, 1930; plus two more species E. excavata (Klug, 1825); and E. semivittata (Fairmaire, 1875) until now not included in other groups. We provide a complete diagnosis of the E. vittata group from southern South America, redescribing and illustrating all included species. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of female and male genitalia are presented for the first time for these species. Finally, we provide an identification key for the ten species presently included in the E. vittata group, and update the geographic distribution of each species.

scholarly journals 2. On the Rainfall of the Continents of the Globe

1872 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 755-756
Author(s):  
Alexander Buchan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
The World

This paper was illustrated by two large charts of the world showing, by ISOHYETAL LINES, the rainfall over the different continents in January and July; two large charts showing the months of least and greatest rainfall in Europe, north Africa, and west Asia; and by six sets of smaller charts of thirteen each, showing, by isohyetal lines, the monthly and annual rainfall of Europe, Asia, Australasia, North America, Africa, and parts of South America. The data laid down on these eighty-two charts were taken from a Table comprising about 2000 good averages of rainfall, calculated or collected by the author.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document