Chronic disease co-morbidity and inflammation in aging adults: Moderation by psychological well-being

The new Coronavirus (COVID-19) has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The sudden outbreak of this new virus and the measure of lockdown adopted to contain the epidemic have profoundly changed the lifestyles of the Italian population, with an impact on people’s quality of life and on their social relationships. In particular, due to forced and prolonged cohabitation, couples may be subject to specific stressors during the epidemic. In addition, living with a chronic health condition may add specific challenges to the ones posed by the epidemic itself. The present cross-sectional study aimed to provide a picture of the challenges as well as the resources for both individual and relational well-being of Italian individuals in a couple relationship (N = 1921), with a specific attention to the comparison between individuals living with and without a chronic disease. Results showed that people with a chronic disease had lower psychological well-being and more fears and worries about the COVID-19. People with a chronic disease perceived fewer resources than healthy people. Moreover, the challenges are shown to be associated with less psychological well-being and high pessimism about the future. Instead individual, relational, and social resources play a protective role during the pandemic for both healthy and chronically ill people.

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Efficacy of a midwife-coordinated, individualized, and specialized maternity care intervention (ChroPreg) in addition to standard care in pregnant women with chronic disease: protocol for a parallel randomized controlled trial

10.21203/rs.2.143/v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Mie de Wolff ◽

Marianne Johansen ◽

Anne Schoedt Ersboell ◽

Susanne Rosthoej ◽

Anne Brunsgaard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Disease ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Maternity Care ◽

Standard Care ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Care Intervention

Abstract Background: The number of women of childbearing age with chronic diseases is rising. The risk of obstetric complications and poor psychological well-being is higher among these women, and research is needed to investigate how to meet the obstetric and psychological needs of this group during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Previous research has shown that care coordination, continuity of care, woman-centered care and specialized maternity care interventions delivered to women with high-risk pregnancies can improve patient-reported outcomes, pregnancy outcomes, and be cost-effective. However, no previous trials have examined the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of such interventions among pregnant women with chronic diseases. This paper describes the protocol of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a midwife-coordinated, individualized and specialized maternity care intervention (ChroPreg) as an add-on to standard care for pregnant women with chronic diseases. Methods: This two-arm parallel group RCT study will be conducted from October 2018 – June 2020 at the Department of Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. Pregnant women with chronic diseases are invited to participate; 274 women will be randomized and allocated 1:1 to the ChroPreg intervention plus standard care or standard care alone. The ChroPreg intervention consists of three main components: 1. Coordinated and individualized care, 2. Additional ante- and postpartum consultations, and 3. Specialized midwives. The primary outcome is length of hospital stay (LOS) during pregnancy and in the postpartum period and secondary outcomes are: psychological well-being (the five-item World Health Organization Well-being Index, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Cambridge Worry Scale), health-related quality of life (the 12-Item Short Form Survey), patient satisfaction (The Pregnancy and Childbirth Questionnaire), and number of antenatal visits. Explorative outcomes will be pregnancy and delivery outcomes. Data is collected via patient-administered questionnaires and from medical records. Discussion: This trial is anticipated to contribute to the field of knowledge on which planning of improved antenatal, intra- and postpartum care for women with chronic disease is founded. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03511508. Registered June 22, 2018 Keywords: Pregnancy, chronic disease, midwifery, maternity care, antenatal care, psychological well-being, complex intervention

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The Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS) Scale

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000350 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 352-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Silvia Bonino ◽

Federica Graziano ◽

Martina Borghi ◽

Davide Marengo ◽

Giorgia Molinengo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Sense Of Coherence ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Rasch Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

And Coping

Abstract. This research developed a new scale to evaluate Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS). The aim of this study was to investigate dimensionality, item functioning, measurement invariance, and concurrent validity of the SEMS scale. Data were collected from 203 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (mean age, 39.5 years; 66% women; 95% having a relapsing remitting form of MS). Fifteen items of the SEMS scale were submitted to patients along with measures of psychological well-being, sense of coherence, depression, and coping strategies. Data underwent Rasch analysis and correlation analysis. Rasch analysis indicates the SEMS as a multidimensional construct characterized by two correlated dimensions: goal setting and symptom management, with satisfactory reliability coefficients. Overall, the 15 items reported acceptable fit statistics; the scale demonstrated measurement invariance (with respect to gender and disease duration) and good concurrent validity (positive correlations with psychological well-being, sense of coherence, and coping strategies and negative correlations with depression). Preliminary evidence suggests that SEMS is a psychometrically sound measure to evaluate perceived self-efficacy of MS patients with moderate disability, and it would be a valuable instrument for both research and clinical applications.

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Relationships Between Bidirectional Work-Family Interactions and Psychological Well-Being

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000107 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 87-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xi-Chao Zhang ◽

Oi Ling Siu ◽

Jing Hu ◽

Weiwei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Family Conflict ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Time Lag ◽

Well Being ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Family Interactions ◽

Work Family Conflict ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Direct Model ◽

Work Family

This study investigated the direct, reversed, and reciprocal relationships between bidirectional work-family conflict/work-family facilitation and psychological well-being (PWB). We administered a three-wave questionnaire survey to 260 married Chinese employees using a time lag of one month. Cross-lagged structural equation modeling analysis was conducted and demonstrated that the direct model was better than the reversed causal or the reciprocal model. Specifically, work-to-family conflict at Time 1 negatively predicted PWB at Time 2, and work-to-family conflict at Time 2 negatively predicted PWB at Time 3; further, work-to-family facilitation at Time 1 positively predicted PWB at Time 2. In addition, family-to-work facilitation at Time 1 positively predicted PWB at Time 2, and family-to-work conflict at Time 2 negatively predicted PWB at Time 3.

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Associations Between Dutch LGBT Hate Crime Experience, Well-Being, Trust in the Police and Future Hate Crime Reporting

Social Psychology ◽

10.1027/1864-9335/a000409 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 171-182

Author(s):

Allard R. Feddes ◽

Kai J. Jonas

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Hate Crime ◽

Well Being ◽

Crime Victims ◽

Crime Reporting ◽

Survey Study ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Building Trust ◽

Reporting Intentions

Abstract. LGBT-related hate crime is a conscious act of aggression against an LGBT citizen. The present research investigates associations between hate crime, psychological well-being, trust in the police and intentions to report future experiences of hate crime. A survey study was conducted among 391 LGBT respondents in the Netherlands. Sixteen percent experienced hate crime in the 12 months prior. Compared to non-victims, victims had significant lower psychological well-being, lower trust in the police and lower intentions to report future hate crime. Hate crime experience and lower psychological well-being were associated with lower reporting intentions through lower trust in the police. Helping hate crime victims cope with psychological distress in combination with building trust in the police could positively influence future reporting.

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