Physicochemical changes of rice straw after lime pretreatment and mesophilic dry digestion

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-gan Liang ◽  
Beijiu Cheng ◽  
You-bin Si ◽  
De-ju Cao ◽  
Er Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Physicochemical Changes ◽  
Lime Pretreatment ◽  
Dry Digestion

scholarly journals Evaluasi Perlakuan Pendahuluan Menggunakan Kalsium Hidroksida untuk Biokonversi Jerami Padi Menjadi L-Asam Laktat oleh Rhizopus oryzae AT3 (Evaluation of Lime Pretreatment for Bioconversion of Rice Straw to L-Lactic Acid by Rhizopus Oryzae AT3)

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Dhina Aprilia Nurani Widyahapsari ◽  
Retno Indrati ◽  
Sigit Setyabudi ◽  
Sardjono Sardjono
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Crude Enzyme ◽  
Lime Pretreatment ◽  
Rice Straw Hydrolysate

L-lactic acid can be used as a precursor of polylactic acid (PLA). PLA is a biodegradable biomaterial commonly used for biodegradable plastics. Lactic acid can be produced from lignocelluloses materials such as rice straw. Rice straw is composed of cellulose and hemicellulose that can be hydrolyzed to fermentable sugar by cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes then converted to L-lactic acid by Rhizopus oryzae. As most cellulose and hemicellulose present in lignocellulose biomass are not readily accessible for these enzyme, pretreatment is required to alter the structure of lignocellulose substrates. This research aimed to investigate the effect of lime pretreatment on rice straw bioconversion to L-lactic acid by Rhizopus oryzae AT3. Rice straw was pretreated with lime (Ca(OH)2) at 85 °C for 16 hours. Unpretreated and pretreated rice straw were hydrolyzed using crude enzyme that produced by Trichoderma reesei Pk1J2. Enzyme production was carried out by solid state fermentation using rice straw and rice brand as substrate. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out in flasks. Each flask was added with unpretreated or pretreated rice straw, buffer citrate solution and crude enzyme then hydrolyzed for 0-96 hours. Hydrolysate was fermented by Rhizopus oryzae AT3 for 0-6 days by using adsorbed carrier solid-state fermentation method with polyurethane foam as inert support material. Lime pretreatment at 85 °C for 16 hour led to significant solubilisation of lignin and hemicellulose. It involved lignocellulose structure modified that enhance enzymatic hydrolysis and resulted higher reducing sugars than unpretreated rice straw. The high reducing sugars was not related to high lactic acid yields. Fermentation of pretreated rice straw hydrolysate by Rhizopus oryzae AT3 did not only produce L-lactic acid but also other compound. On the other hand, fermentation of unpretreated rice straw hydrolysate only produced L-lactic acid. ABSTRAKPolimerisasi asam laktat menjadi polylactic acid untuk menghasilkan biodegradable plastic membutuhkan asam laktat dengan isomer spesifik. Rhizopus oryzae adalah mikroorganisme yang spesifik menghasilkan L-asam laktat. Selain itu Rhizopus oryzae dapat menggunakan limbah pertanian seperti jerami padi sebagai substrat. Komponen utama jerami padi merupakan lignoselulosa yang dapat dihidrolisa secara enzimatis menjadi komponen gula sederhana penyusunnya dan selanjutnya dapat dikonversi menjadi L-asam laktat oleh Rhizopus oryzae. Namun struktur lignoselulosa sangat kompak dan rapat, sulit untuk dihidrolisa secara enzimatis sehingga diperlukan adanya perlakuan pendahuluan untuk merombak struktur lignoselulosa agar mudah dihidrolisa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan pendahuluan menggunakan kalsium hidroksida (Ca(OH)2) terhadap biokonversi jerami padi menjadi L-asam laktat oleh Rhizopus oryzae AT3. Perlakuan pendahuluan pada jerami padi dilakukan menggunakan (Ca(OH)2) disertai pemanasan suhu 85 °C selama 16 jam. Jerami padi dengan dan tanpa perlakuan pendahuluan dihidrolisa secara enzimatis menggunakan crude enzyme yang diproduksi oleh Trichoderma reesei Pk1J2. Produksi crude enzyme dilakukan dengan fermentasi substrat padat dengan campuran jerami padi dan dedak sebagai substrat. Hidrolisat jerami padi dengan dan tanpa perlakuan pendahuluan selanjutnya difermentasi oleh Rhizopus oryzae AT3 menggunakan metode adsorbed carrier solid state fermentation dengan polyurethane foam (PUF) sebagai bahan pendukung. Perlakuan pendahuluan menggunakan Ca(OH2) disertai pemanasan suhu 85 °C selama 16 jam dapat merubah komposisi lignoselulosa jerami padi yaitu dengan melarutkan lignin dan hemiselulosa. Perubahan komposisi lignoselulosa memudahkan kerja crude enzyme dalam menghidrolisa jerami padi sehingga menghasilkan gula reduksi lebih tinggi dibandingkan jerami padi tanpa perlakuan pendahuluan. Tingginya gula reduksi tidak serta merta meningkatkan yield L-asam laktat yang dihasilkan. Fermentasi hidrolisat jerami padi dengan perlakuan pendahuluan oleh Rhizopus oryzae AT3 menghasilkan yield L-asam laktat lebih rendah dibandingkan hidrolisat jerami padi tanpa perlakuan pendahuluan. Namun pada jerami padi dengan perlakuan pendahuluan dihasilkan senyawa lain selain asam laktat.Kata Kunci: Adsorbed carrier solid state fermentation; L-asam laktat; perlakuan pendahuluan; Rhizopus oryzae AT3; jerami padi

scholarly journals Optimization of the Alkaline Pretreatment of Rice Straw for Enhanced Methane Yield

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilin Song ◽  
Gaihe Yang ◽  
Xinhui Han ◽  
Yongzhong Feng ◽  
Guangxin Ren
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Lime Pretreatment ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Pretreatment Time

The lime pretreatment process for rice straw was optimized to enhance the biodegradation performance and increase biogas yield. The optimization was implemented using response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken experimental design. The effects of biodegradation, as well as the interactive effects of Ca(OH)2concentration, pretreatment time, and inoculum amount on biogas improvement, were investigated. Rice straw compounds, such as lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, were significantly degraded with increasing Ca(OH)2concentration. The optimal conditions for the use of pretreated rice straw in anaerobic digestion were 9.81% Ca(OH)2(w/w TS), 5.89 d treatment time, and 45.12% inoculum content, which resulted in a methane yield of 225.3 mL/g VS. A determination coefficient (R2) of 96% was obtained, indicating that the model used to predict the anabolic digestion process shows a favorable fit with the experimental parameters.

A novel lime pretreatment for subsequent bioethanol production from rice straw – Calcium capturing by carbonation (CaCCO) process

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (17) ◽  
pp. 6805-6811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeung-yil Park ◽  
Riki Shiroma ◽  
Muhammad Imran Al-Haq ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Masakazu Ike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Lime Pretreatment

RT-CaCCO process: An improved CaCCO process for rice straw by its incorporation with a step of lime pretreatment at room temperature

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 2943-2949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riki Shiroma ◽  
Jeung-yil Park ◽  
Muhammad Imran Al-Haq ◽  
Mitsuhiro Arakane ◽  
Masakazu Ike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Lime Pretreatment

Optimizing lime pretreatment of rice straw for biolipid production using oleaginous microorganisms

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 129390
Author(s):  
Hoa Thai Doan ◽  
Phuong Thi Minh Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Thanh Tran ◽  
Thoa Kim Nguyen ◽  
Man Dinh Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Oleaginous Microorganisms ◽  
Lime Pretreatment

Effect of thermal treatment on Egyptian rice straw hardboard

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Naim A. Fadl ◽  
Magdi Z. Sefain ◽  
Mohomed Rakha
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Rice Straw

Dairy Farmers Empowerment in Subak Anggabaya Penatih Timur Denpasar Bali Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 20218-20223
Author(s):  
I Ketut Arnawa ◽  
I Wayan Runa ◽  
I Made Sukerta ◽  
Putu Sri Astuti ◽  
Dan Luh Kadek Budi Martini
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Training Activity ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
And Training ◽  
Spraying Method

The main purpose for the application of science and technology for livestock group of cow, is to form a group of skilled and professional livestock, as vaccinators, can take advantage of Azadirachta indica leaves a plant insecticide, apply a good cage sanitation, can produce organic fertilizer from feces of cow, can treat hay as feed to good nutritional value. The method used is education and training. Activity results obtained, that 10 percent of members of the group have managed to become vaccinators cadres, able to implement good sanitation stables, feces of cow (Stomoxys calsitrans) can process technology with EM4 into organic fertilizer and can process the rice straw with urea spraying method, to produce feed hay to the value of good nutrition for growing cattle.

Wrinkling Poly(trimethylene 2,5-Furanoate) Free-standing Films: Nanostructure Formation and Physical Properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelina Soccio ◽  
Nadia Lotti ◽  
Andrea Munari ◽  
Esther Rebollar ◽  
Daniel E Martínez-Tong
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Nanostructure Formation ◽  
Physicochemical Changes ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements

<p>Nanostructured wrinkles were developed on fully bio-based poly(trimethylene furanoate) (PTF) films by using the technique of Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS). We investigated the effect of irradiation time on wrinkle formation using an UV pulsed laser source, at a fluence of 8 mJ/cm2. It was found that the pulse range between 600 and 4800 pulses allowed formation of periodic nanometric ripples. The nanostructured surface was studied using a combined macro- and nanoscale approach. We evaluated possible physicochemical changes taking place on the polymer surface after irradiation by infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy. The macroscopic physicochemical properties of PTF showed almost no changes after nanostructure formation, differently from the results previously found for the terephthalic counterparts, as poly(ethyleneterephthalate), PET, and poly(trimethyleneterephthalate), PTT. The surface mechanical properties of the nanostructured PTF were found to be improved, as evidenced by nanomechanical force spectroscopy measurements. In particular, an increased Young’s modulus and higher stiffness for the nanostructured sample were measured. <br></p>

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