Three-dimensional video scanning, planning and printing to optimise autologous ear reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yenn Yong ◽  
Luca Lancerotto ◽  
Scott Inglis ◽  
Kerr Clapperton ◽  
Jonathan J Cubitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ear Reconstruction

scholarly journals Microtia reconstruction: our experiences of first 10 cases in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
MS Khondoker ◽  
R Awwal ◽  
MM Sarker ◽  
SH Khundkar
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ear Reconstruction ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Auricular Reconstruction ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
One Year

Varying degrees of congenital ear deformity (microtia) occurs 1 in about 8000 to 10,000 live births. One of the greatest challenges in plastic surgery is total auricular reconstruction as it demands precise technique as well as artistic creativity. In Bangladesh, recent advancement in the technique of carving and sculpting rib cartilage  and better training for achieving finer anatomic details has given a break through in the surgical management of  deformed ear. Between January 2009 and January 2010, total ear reconstruction was done with a two-stage method using  autogenous costal cartilage in the Department of Plastic Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. In the first stage, lobule rotation, fabrication of the cartilage framework and its implantation were performed. In  the second stage, elevation of the auricle and formation of the tragus were done. A total of 10 cases with microtia comprising different age group have been operated. All of them underwent stage I operation; among them 8 patients went through stage II procedure while the other 2 are waiting for the same. Results: 10 patients, ranging in age between 8 and 25 years, were operated on using autogenous costal cartilage between 2009 and 2010. Six patients were males and four were females. Unilateral microtia was present in all of these patients (7 right, 3 left). Eight cases were with Grade III microtia; the remaining 2 cases presented with Grade II microtia. The follow-up period was one month to one year. Seven among 8 cases presented acceptable ear contour after second stage ear reconstruction. The cranioauricular angle of the reconstructed ears was also similar to that of the opposite ears. Unfavourable result was deformation of the constructed helix which occurred in one case. Though it is impossible to reconstruct an ear that appears exactly as the opposite one, the new ears which were  made were of correct size and in normal position with impressive finer three dimensional details that achieved patient’s satisfaction as well as surgeon’s professional gratification.Key words: Microtia; Two stage auricular reconstruction; Autologous costochondral cartilageBDJPS 2010; 1(2): 14-19

scholarly journals A rapid prototyping approach for custom training of autologous ear reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Mussi ◽  
Michaela Servi ◽  
Flavio Facchini ◽  
Yary Volpe ◽  
Rocco Furferi
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Ear Reconstruction ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Simulation Process ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractAutologous ear reconstruction is the preferred treatment in case of partial or total absence of the patient external ear. This kind of surgery can be really challenging since precise replication of complex three-dimensional structure of the ear is crucial to provide the patients with aesthetically consistent reconstructed anatomy. Therefore, the results strongly depends on the “artistic skills” of the surgeon who is in charge to carry out a three-dimensional sculpture, which resembles the shape of a normal ear. In this context, the definition of a preoperative planning and simulation process based on the patient's specific anatomy may help the surgeon in speeding up the ear reconstruction process and, at the same time, to obtain better results, thus allowing a superior surgical outcome. In the present work the main required features for performing an effective simulation of the ear reconstruction are identified and a strategy for their interactive design and customization is devised with the perspective of a semi-automatization of the procedure. In detail, the paper provides a framework which start from the acquisition of 3D data from both a healthy ear of the patient (or, if not available e.g. due to bilateral microtia of the ear of one of his parents or from a template) and of costal cartilage. Acquired 3D data are properly processed to define the anatomical elements of the ear and to find, using nesting-based algorithms, the costal cartilage portions to be used for carving the ear itself. Finally, 3D printing is used to create a mockup of the ear elements and a prototype of the ear to be reconstructed is created. Validated on a test case, the devised procedure demonstrate its effectiveness.

scholarly journals A clinical study of external ear reconstruction: a study of 20 cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyank K. Katwala ◽  
Vishal A. Pawar ◽  
Palak P. Katwala ◽  
Ketan H. Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ear Reconstruction ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Rib Cartilage ◽  
Secondary Intention ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
Excellent Cosmetic Result ◽  
Auricular Defects ◽  
Anatomical Part

Background: Auricular defects pose one of the most difficult challenges in reconstructive surgery of the head and neck. The reason is the unique three-dimensional anatomical architecture of the auricle, with its multiple concavities and convolutions of the cartilage and the thin, delicate skin cover. Acquired auricular deformities commonly result from traumatic injuries, burn trauma or tumour extirpation. These vary in severity from simple lacerations to complete auricular avulsions. Congenital ear deformity (microtia) occurs in every 1 out of 6000 live births. The goal of reconstruction is the precise duplication of the missing anatomical part with regard to size, orientation and anatomical landmarks.Methods: Range from healing by secondary intention to complete replacement with autologous rib cartilage and/or auricular prosthesis. Total auricular reconstruction was done by two methods: (1) Nagata and (2) Brent’s method. Nagata’s technique is commonly performed in this study. The present study aimed to evaluate the reconstruction of auricular defects using autologous rib cartilage graft with or without temperoparietal fascia flap covered by split-thickness skin graft.Results: Excellent cosmetic result can be obtained with adequate skills and training in carving the cartilage for auricular framework. This improves confidence and gives psychological support to microtia patients.Conclusions: With training and method, results in ear reconstruction using autologous rib cartilage are excellent and reproducible.

scholarly journals Study on esthetic appearance of reconstructed pinna in microtia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 3940
Author(s):  
G. Gopalan ◽  
M. K. Rajendran ◽  
R. Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Ear Reconstruction ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Rib Cartilage ◽  
Maxillary Surgery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background: The normal external ear is a complex three-dimensional structure and, as such, reconstruction of the ear is a demanding undertaking. A new era in ear reconstruction began in 1959 when Tanzer introduced his multistage autologous rib cartilage technique and it gained wide acceptance from the surgeons. The aim of the present study was reconstruction of pinna in microtia cases using esthetic component and to study its surgical outcome.Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in the department of plastic, reconstructive and facio-maxillary surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem, for a period of 2 years. A total of 26 patients with microtia were included in our study. The reconstruction of microtia was done by the following steps; a. first stage – removal of the rib cartilage and framework implantation; b. second stage - rotation of the ear lobule by Z plasty incision; c. third stage– creation of cephaloauricular sulcus; d. fourth stage - tragus construction and concha excavation. All the socio-demographic details and the clinical parameters related to the reconstructed ear were measured and tabulated.Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 14.3 years with a male: female ratio of 2:1. Based on the Tanzer classification all the patients were either in grade IIA or grade III of microtia with 35% of the patients had the hearing loss exceeding 40db. The mean length, breadth, degree of protrusion and degree of inclination of the reconstructed ear were 58.5mm, 34.6mm, 25o and 13o respectively. The most common complication reported in present study subjects was malposition of the reconstructed pinna (21.7%) followed by hematoma infection (8.6%) and hidden helix. Post-operatively the mean hearing loss was only 25db.Conclusions: The esthetic results of each of these techniques can be excellent when performed by an experienced surgeon in appropriately selected patients.

Applications of Three-Dimensional Printing in Surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Li ◽  
Tsz Fung Cheung ◽  
Vei Chen Fan ◽  
Kin Man Sin ◽  
Chrisity Wai Yan Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Ear Reconstruction ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
And Training

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a rapidly advancing technology in the field of surgery. This article reviews its contemporary applications in 3 aspects of surgery, namely, surgical planning, implants and prostheses, and education and training. Three-dimensional printing technology can contribute to surgical planning by depicting precise personalized anatomy and thus a potential improvement in surgical outcome. For implants and prosthesis, the technology might overcome the limitations of conventional methods such as visual discrepancy from the recipient’s body and unmatching anatomy. In addition, 3D printing technology could be integrated into medical school curriculum, supplementing the conventional cadaver-based education and training in anatomy and surgery. Future potential applications of 3D printing in surgery, mainly in the areas of skin, nerve, and vascular graft preparation as well as ear reconstruction, are also discussed. Numerous trials and studies are still ongoing. However, scientists and clinicians are still encountering some limitations of the technology including high cost, long processing time, unsatisfactory mechanical properties, and suboptimal accuracy. These limitations might potentially hamper the applications of this technology in daily clinical practice.

scholarly journals Our experience in ear reconstruction using the Antia Buch principles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Alhayo ◽  
Richard George Arnold ◽  
Joseph Xavier ◽  
Vlad Ille ◽  
Mihaela Lefter
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Ear Reconstruction ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Residual Defect ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Aesthetic Results ◽  
In Series ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Operative Complications

Abstract Objective: Presenting our experience with chondrocutaenous flap reconstruction of the ear to obtain more aesthetic results with fewer complications. Background: Satisfactory reconstruction of the ear following a resection of the helix, scapha and anti-helix remains an ongoing problem in plastic surgery. Many techniques had been developed to approach this issue and to minimise the complications raised from resection of tumours as well. However, no studies have yet mentioned specific details of aesthetic outcomes. Methodology: The study is retrospective in design, with accurate description of the ear reconstruction technique and outcomes in series of cases that were performed by the same surgeon on all patients. Twenty patients were included in this study. The collected data included demographics, any post-operative complications, and post-operative measurements of both reconstructed and normal ears. Results: In all cases, all tumours were completely excised with no known post-operative complications such as flap loss, wound infection, dehiscence or haematoma were reported. The mean residual defect was 21.8 mm ranging from 14 mm to maximum of 30 mm in size. The differences in height, width and projection carried the means of 6.8, 4.3 and 3.8 mm respectively. Conclusion: The modified Antia-Buch technique allows preservation of anatomical landmarks and contour of the ear and therefore maintaining normal overall three-dimensional appearance of the reconstructed ear. Reconstruction of 10 mm defects can be confidently performed using this technique with no loss in size. However, due to the potential lobule distortion, we recommend applying this technique to defects only up to 25 mm.

The orbit of Pluto over a long interval of time

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbit ◽  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Restricted Problem ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Circular Restricted Problem ◽  
Resonance Relation

The paper presents a summary of the results obtained by C. J. Cohen and E. C. Hubbard, who established by numerical integration that a resonance relation exists between the orbits of Neptune and Pluto. The problem may be explored further by approximating the motion of Pluto by that of a particle with negligible mass in the three-dimensional (circular) restricted problem. The mass of Pluto and the eccentricity of Neptune's orbit are ignored in this approximation. Significant features of the problem appear to be the presence of two critical arguments and the possibility that the orbit may be related to a periodic orbit of the third kind.

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