Affect-Regulation Related Emergent Brain Network Properties Differentiate Depressed Bipolar Disorder from Major Depression and Track Risk for Bipolar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Spielberg ◽  
Naomi Sadeh ◽  
Jungwon Cha ◽  
Melanie A. Matyi ◽  
Amit Anand
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Network Properties

Evaluation of Brain Network Properties in Patients with MRI-Negative Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An MEG Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuejun Li ◽  
Haitao Zhu ◽  
Qiqi Chen ◽  
Lu Yang ◽  
Xincai Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Network Properties

scholarly journals Reply to “Replication of association of 3p21.1 with susceptibility to bipolar disorder but not major depression”

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis J McMahon ◽  
Nirmala Akula ◽  
Sven Cichon ◽  
Sevilla D Detera-Wadleigh ◽  
Howard Edenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression

scholarly journals Prediction of response to drug therapy in psychiatric disorders

Open Biology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 180031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shani Stern ◽  
Sara Linker ◽  
Krishna C. Vadodaria ◽  
Maria C. Marchetto ◽  
Fred H. Gage
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Patient Reported

Personalized medicine has become increasingly relevant to many medical fields, promising more efficient drug therapies and earlier intervention. The development of personalized medicine is coupled with the identification of biomarkers and classification algorithms that help predict the responses of different patients to different drugs. In the last 10 years, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several genetically pre-screened drugs labelled as pharmacogenomics in the fields of oncology, pulmonary medicine, gastroenterology, haematology, neurology, rheumatology and even psychiatry. Clinicians have long cautioned that what may appear to be similar patient-reported symptoms may actually arise from different biological causes. With growing populations being diagnosed with different psychiatric conditions, it is critical for scientists and clinicians to develop precision medication tailored to individual conditions. Genome-wide association studies have highlighted the complicated nature of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression and autism spectrum disorder. Following these studies, association studies are needed to look for genomic markers of responsiveness to available drugs of individual patients within the population of a specific disorder. In addition to GWAS, the advent of new technologies such as brain imaging, cell reprogramming, sequencing and gene editing has given us the opportunity to look for more biomarkers that characterize a therapeutic response to a drug and to use all these biomarkers for determining treatment options. In this review, we discuss studies that were performed to find biomarkers of responsiveness to different available drugs for four brain disorders: bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depression and autism spectrum disorder. We provide recommendations for using an integrated method that will use available techniques for a better prediction of the most suitable drug.

Emotional availability in women with bipolar disorder and major depression: A longitudinal pregnancy cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742199879
Author(s):  
Pavitra Aran ◽  
Andrew J Lewis ◽  
Stuart J Watson ◽  
Thinh Nguyen ◽  
Megan Galbally
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Emotional Availability ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Interaction Quality ◽  
Pregnancy Cohort ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Poorer mother–infant interaction quality has been identified among women with major depression; however, there is a dearth of research examining the impact of bipolar disorder. This study sought to compare mother–infant emotional availability at 6 months postpartum among women with perinatal major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and no disorder (control). Methods: Data were obtained for 127 mother–infant dyads from an Australian pregnancy cohort. The Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 was used to diagnose major depressive disorder ( n = 60) and bipolar disorder ( n = 12) in early pregnancy (less than 20 weeks) and review diagnosis at 6 months postpartum. Prenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, along with self-report psychotropic medication use. Mother and infant’s interaction quality was measured using the Emotional Availability Scales when infants reached 6 months of age. Multivariate analyses of covariance examining the effects of major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder on maternal emotional availability (sensitivity, structuring, non-intrusiveness, non-hostility) and child emotional availability (responsiveness, involvement) were conducted. Results: After controlling for maternal age and postpartum depressive symptoms, perinatal disorder (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder) accounted for 17% of the variance in maternal and child emotional availability combined. Compared to women with major depressive disorder and their infants, women with bipolar disorder and their infants displayed lower ratings across all maternal and child emotional availability qualities, with the greatest mean difference seen in non-intrusiveness scores. Conclusions: Findings suggest that perinatal bipolar disorder may be associated with additional risk, beyond major depressive disorder alone, to a mother and her offspring’s emotional availability at 6 months postpartum, particularly in maternal intrusiveness.

Activity in Executive Control and Salience Network Regions During Inhibitory Control is Associated With Current Mood Symptoms in Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S257-S258
Author(s):  
Lisanne Jenkins ◽  
Jonathan Stange ◽  
Ashley Heywood ◽  
Jenny Wu ◽  
Bobak Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Current Mood

scholarly journals Factors related to retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Liu ◽  
Yongsheng Tong ◽  
Lvzhen Huang ◽  
Jingxu Chen ◽  
Shaoxiao Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Nerve Fiber Layer ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fiber

Abstract Background We analyzed the correlation of the clinical data with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients. The aim of this study is to explore factors that affect RNFL thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients, with a view to providing a new diagnostic strategy. Methods Eighty-two bipolar disorder patients, 35 major depression patients and 274 people who were age and gender matched with the patients were enrolled. Demographic information and metabolic profile of all participants were collected. Best-corrected visual acuity of each eye, intraocular pressure (IOP), fundus examination was performed. RNFL and macular thickness were measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Correlations between RNFL and macular thickness and other data were analyzed. Results RNFL and macula lutea in bipolar dipolar patients and major depression patients are thinner than normal people. Triglyceride and UA levels are the highest in the bipolar disorder group, while alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST) levels in the depression group are the highest. Age onset and ALT are positively while uric acid (UA) is negatively correlated with RNFL thickness in bipolar dipolar patients. Cholesterol level is positively correlated with RNFL thickness while the duration of illness is correlated with RNFL thickness of left eye in major depression patients. Conclusions RNFL and macula lutea in bipolar dipolar patients and major depression patients are thinner than normal people. In bipolar disorder patients, age-onset and ALT are potential protective factors in the progress of RNFL thinning, while UA is the pathological factor.

Abstract 16535: Mental and Behavioral Health Disorders Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction in the United States

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayakumar Sreenivasan ◽  
Mohammad S Khan ◽  
Safi U Khan ◽  
Wilbert S Aronow ◽  
Julio A Panza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Behavioral Health Disorders ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
Health Disorders

Background: Mental and behavioral health disorders (MBD) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and with worse long-term outcomes after myocardial infarction (MI). Hypothesis: We hypothesized the prevalence of MBD among patients with acute MI is rising over time. Methods: Using National Inpatient Sample Database, we assessed temporal trends in the prevalence of MBD and in-hospital outcomes among patients hospitalized for acute MI in the US from 2008-2017. We used multiple logistic regression for in-hospital outcomes and examined yearly trends and estimated annual percent change (APC) in odds of MBD among MI patients. Results: We included a total of 6,117,804 patients with MI (ST elevation MI 30.4%) with a mean age of 67.2±0.04 and 39% females. Psychoactive substance use disorder (PSD) (24.9%) was the most common behavioral health disorder, and major depression (6.2%) and anxiety disorders (6.0%) were the most common mental health disorders, followed by bipolar disorder (0.9%), schizophrenia/psychotic disorders (0.8%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (0.3%). Between 2008 to 2018, the prevalence of PSD (23.7-25.0%, APC +0.6%), major depression (4.7-7.4%, APC +6.2%), anxiety disorders (3.2-8.9%, APC +13.5%), PTSD (0.2-0.6%, +12.5%) and bipolar disorder (0.7-1.0%, APC +4.0%) significantly increased over the time period. Major depression, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia/psychotic disorders were associated with a lower likelihood of coronary revascularization, although a co-diagnosis of MBD was associated with a lower risk of in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: MBD are common among patients with acute MI and there was a concerning increase in the prevalence of PSD, major depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders and PTSD. Focused mental and behavioral health interventions and health care policy changes are warranted to address the increasing burden of comorbid MBD among acute MI.

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