Low-molecular-weight fucosylated glycosaminoglycan and its oligosaccharides from sea cucumber as novel anticoagulants: A review

Fucoidans from sea cucumber (SC-FUC) have been proven to alleviate insulin resistance in several species. However, there are few studies that clarify the relationship between their structure and bioactivity. The present study evaluated the influence of molecular weight (Mw), sulfation concentrations (Cs), and sulfation position on improving insulin resistance using SC-FUC. Results showed that fucoidans with lower Mw exerted stronger effects. Having a similar Mw, Acaudina molpadioides fucoidans (Am-FUC) with lower Cs and Holothuria tubulosa fucoidans with higher Cs showed similar activities. However, Isostichopus badionotus fucoidans (higher Cs) activity was superior to that of low-Mw Thelenota ananas fucoidans (Ta-LFUC, lower Cs). Eliminating the effects of Mw and Cs, the bioactivity of Am-FUC with sulfation at meta-fucose exceeded that of Ta-FUC with sulfation at ortho-position. Moreover, the effects of Pearsonothuria graeffei fucoidans with 4-O-sulfation were superior to those of Am-LFUC with 2-O-sulfation. These data indicate that low Mw, 4-O-sulfation, and sulfation at meta-fucose contributed considerably to insulin resistance alleviation by SC-FUC, which could accelerate the development of SC-FUC as a potential food supplement to alleviate insulin resistance.

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Effect of Low Molecular Weight Oligopeptides Isolated from Sea Cucumber on Diabetic Wound Healing in db/db Mice

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md16010016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 16 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Di Li ◽

Lin Li ◽

Teng Xu ◽

Tianxing Wang ◽

Jinwei Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Diabetic Wound ◽

Diabetic Wound Healing

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SUBSTANTIATION OF POSSIBILITY TO USE WASTE OF SEA CUCUMBER PROCESSING FOR PRODUCTION OF SOFT DRINKS

Izvestiya TINRO ◽

10.26428/1606-9919-2020-200-221-228 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 200 ◽

pp. 221-228

Author(s):

E. V. Okhota ◽

A. I. Chepkasova ◽

E. P. Karaulova ◽

T. N. Slutskaya

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Amino Sugars ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Active Components ◽

Active Peptides ◽

Shrimp Shell ◽

Biologically Active Peptides ◽

Pigment Complex

The broth of sea cucumber was decolorized with mineral sorbents, as perlite and bentonite, and with chitosans of crab carapace and shrimp shell. The chitosans were the most effective in sorption and subsequent removal of the protein-pigment complex, providing the decolorization degree of 35–55 %. Besides, the content of glycosides in the broth was twice decreased. The amino sugars content changed in dependence on the chitosan origin: the chitosan of crab carapace did not influence on this parameter, but the chitosan of shrimp shell caused its halving. For the optimal combination of chemical compounds in the broth, the chitosan with high molecular weight (1300 kDa) extracted from crab carapace should be used for decolorizing. Preliminary fermentation of the broth with Protamex increased concentration of biologically active peptides with low molecular weight in the solution. The fermented and decolorized broth of sea cucumber has good organoleptic properties and high content of biologically active components, as glycosides, amino sugars and low molecular weight peptides, so could be used as the basis for nonalcoholic tonic drinks.

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Physicochemical characteristics and anticoagulant activities of low molecular weight fractions by free-radical depolymerization of a fucosylated chondroitin sulphate from sea cucumber Thelenata ananas

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.03.042 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 122 (3) ◽

pp. 716-723 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Mingyi Wu ◽

Shimin Xu ◽

Jinhua Zhao ◽

Hui Kang ◽

Hui Ding

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Free Radical ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Chondroitin Sulphate ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Molecular Weight Fractions

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A high-performance oil-free backing pump for electron microscopes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100107691 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 110-111

Author(s):

G.K.W. Balkau ◽

E. Bez ◽

J.L. Farrant

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Hot Spots ◽

High Performance ◽

Carbonaceous Material ◽

Contamination Rate ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Principal Source ◽

Rotary Pumps ◽

Electron Microscopes

The earliest account of the contamination of electron microscope specimens by the deposition of carbonaceous material during electron irradiation was published in 1947 by Watson who was then working in Canada. It was soon established that this carbonaceous material is formed from organic vapours, and it is now recognized that the principal source is the oil-sealed rotary pumps which provide the backing vacuum. It has been shown that the organic vapours consist of low molecular weight fragments of oil molecules which have been degraded at hot spots produced by friction between the vanes and the surfaces on which they slide. As satisfactory oil-free pumps are unavailable, it is standard electron microscope practice to reduce the partial pressure of organic vapours in the microscope in the vicinity of the specimen by using liquid-nitrogen cooled anti-contamination devices. Traps of this type are sufficient to reduce the contamination rate to about 0.1 Å per min, which is tolerable for many investigations.

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