scholarly journals Catalytic conversion of furfural extract from lubricating oil extraction unit over the shaped and promoted HY catalysts to valuable petroleum products

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 105834
Author(s):  
Khalid Khazzal Hummadi ◽  
Abdul Halim A.K. Mohammed ◽  
Allaa I. Elaibi ◽  
Salah M. Ali ◽  
H.J. Heeres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Extraction Unit

scholarly journals Re–Refining of Used Lube Oils and Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 4609-4613
Author(s):  
Dr. Elizabeth Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Vacuum Distillation ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Refining Process ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Used Lubricating Oil ◽  
Clay Treatment

As petroleum products continue to be an inseparable part of our lives, so does the waste that is generated from these products, the prominent among them being the used lubricating oil. However, research shows that more than half of the used lube oil can be converted back to usable lubricant through the process of re–refining. This can certainly reduce the amount of waste oil in the environment and the need of crude oil extraction to a certain extent. As there are various different methods of re–refining, this work focused specifically on the method used widely in India, i.e., Vacuum distillation with Clay treatment. In this paper, the sustainability of the re–refining process was checked using the green chemistry principles and overall material balance of the process. Based on the assumptions made for the material balance, nearly 69.92% of lube oil base stock was obtained along with 11.13% fuel by - product and 12.14% residue, both of which have varied uses in the industry, thus producing additional profit.

scholarly journals Effect of petrol and spent oil on the growth of Guinea Corn (Sorghum bicolor L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronke Justina Komolafe ◽  
Olatunde M. Akinola ◽  
Oludare James Agbolade
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Petroleum Pollutant

This study assessed the effect of petrol and spent lubricating oil on the major growth traits (such as root length, stem length, leaf area, and biomass), and the changes in epidermal layer of leaf and its mitotic index in Guinea Corn (<em>Sorghum bicolor</em> L.) exposed to 0% (control), 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% concentrations of petrol and spent lubricating oil. Each concentration was mixed with 3 kg of soil in a plastic pot and each treatment was carried out in three replicates. Forty days after planting, the leaf areas of guinea corn plant were 95.83 cm2, 89.67 cm2, 89.47 cm2, and 77.80 cm2 in control, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% respectively of petrol pollutant. The means of stem length were 32.50±0.5 cm, 22.60±0.65 cm, 21.27±0.75 cm, 20.83±0.28 cm and 20.33±0.28 cm in control, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively. Both leaf area and stem length of treated seedlings reduced with increased concentration of the pollutants. Additionally, reduction in the dry weight of the seedlings increased with increasing concentration of both petrol and spent oil. The micrograph of the internal anatomy of the upper epidermal layers of the leaf revealed broken and scattered epidermal cells and smaller sizes of the stomata, and were increased with the increasing concentration of the treatment. Statistical analysis of the treatment shows that there was a significant reduction (P&lt;0.05) in the stem length and leaf area of the seedlings. This study revealed that petroleum pollutant adversely affected germination, growth and development of guinea corn but petroleum products like spent oil can provide nutrition necessary for growth and yield of plant at low concentration.

Magnetic Petroleum Sorbent Based on Waste Kieselghur Sludge from Oil Extraction Industry for Removing Petroleum Products from Water Surface

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Starostina ◽  
A.E. Nikitina ◽  
E.V. Porozhnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Hydrophobic Properties ◽  
Ferromagnetic Component ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate

The method of obtaining magnetic petroleum sorbent for petroleum products spills cleanup from water surface, based on the mixture of waste kieselghur sludge from oil extraction industry and a ferromagnetic component - the finely-dispersed iron-ore concentrate (magnetite), has been suggested. It has been demonstrated that after the waste kieselghur sludge thermal modification in the temperature interval 430-500°С the burn-out of the organic matter is not complete – there remain the wax fractions of wax-like substances, contained in it. The obtained material becomes hydrophobic and oleophilic. The introduction of magnetite in amount of 10% provides the maximum oil-absorbing capacity of the petroleum sorbent – 3.05 g/g without reducing its hydrophobic properties. The value of the wetting angle amounts to 150°, and the water absorption is very low – no more than 2.1%. The optimal temperature of the magnetic petroleum sorbent production is 450°С. The obtained material in its petroleum-saturated state is highly buoyant within 24-120 hours, which provides enough time to clean up the water surface from petroleum products and to collect the sorbent.

Oil Storage and Transport Equipment, with Special Reference to the Application of Welding

1933 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 685-699
Author(s):  
R. E. Adlington
Keyword(s):  
Oil Industry ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Flow Sheet ◽  
Transport Equipment ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

Primarily owing to the special nature of the fluids handled in the oil industry, welding has thoroughly established itself, and is being increasingly employed in all phases of oil refining and handling. Various types of tanks, treatment vessels, and pipe lines of all-welded construction are now being used for the most searching fluids, with complete absence of the joint leakage which occurred with the older methods of construction. Welding methods also show substantial reductions in material and site costs. In order to indicate the very large number of examples of welded construction as applied to the storage and transport of oil, the subject is dealt with on the basis of a flow sheet which shows generally how an oil, found abroad and conveyed to this country for refining, is handled from the time it leaves the well until it is ready for the consumer. Reference is mostly made to commonly used liquid petroleum products such as motor spirit, lubricating oil, furnace, and Diesel oil. The handling of these products is described with reference to the methods employed by one or two well known concerns, but such methods are typical of those employed in other parts of the world.

Development of a Real–Time Petroleum Products Aduteration Detector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olabisi Olotu ◽  
Sunday Isehunwa ◽  
Bola Asiru ◽  
Zeberu Elakhame
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Mixing Rule ◽  
Real Time Detection ◽  
Solid Particulates

Abstract Adulteration of petroleum products with the resultant safety, health, environmental and economic impact is a challenge in Nigeria and many developing countries. While the commonly used techniques by regulatory agencies and some end-users for quality assurance of petroleum products are time-consuming and expensive. This study was therefore designed to develop a device for real-time detection of petroleum products adulteration. Samples of petrol, diesel and kerosene were collected; samples of water, naphtha, alcohol, pure and used lubricating oil, and High Pour Fuel Oil (HPFO) were collected and used as liquid contaminants while saw dust, ash and fine sand were used as solid particulates. At temperatures between 23-28°C (1°C interval), binary mixtures were prepared using the pure products with liquid contaminants (95:5, ..,5: 95 V/V) and with particulates (0, 2, 4, 6, 8,10 g). New mixing rules were developed for the SG and IFT of the binary liquid mixtures and compared with Kay mixing rule. Developed mathematical models of the physical-chemical properties were used to simulate a meter designed and constructed around a microcontroller with multiple input/output pins and a load cell sensor. The SG and IFT of the pure liquid and solid binary mixtures ranged from 0.810 to 1.020, 25.5 to 47.2 dynes/cm and 0.820 to 1.080 and 26.3 and 50.2 dynes/cm respectively. For products contaminated with solid particulates, SG varied between 0.860 and 0.990. The new mixing rule gave coefficient of 0.84 and 27.8 for SG and IFT compared with 0.83 and 25.6 of Kay's model. Adulteration of products was detected at 20-30% by volume and 10-20% by mass of contamination, and displayed RED for adulterated samples, GREEN for pure samples and numerical values of SG in digital form which were within ±0.01 % of actual measurements. A device for real-time detection of adulteration in petroleum products was developed which can be adapted to real-time evaluation of similar binary mixtures.

scholarly journals N-ALKOXYMETHYL DERIVATIVES OF 2-AMINOTHIAZOLE AND THEIR PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-435
Author(s):  
V.M. Farzaliyev ◽  
◽  
M.T. Abbasova ◽  
B.G. Babaeva ◽  
M.A. Mirzoeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Equimolar Amount ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Protection Effect ◽  
Bactericidal Properties ◽  
Preliminary Preparation ◽  
Derivatives Of

Conditions for alkoxymethylation of 2-aminothiazole with semiformals obtained by the interaction of aliphatic alcohols with formaldehyde were worked out. Alkoxymethylation was performed by means of preliminary preparation of the semiformal of appropriate hydroxylcontaining compounds followed by interaction of semiformal with equimolar amount of 2- aminothiazole. The structure of the obtained compounds was acknowledged by means of IR and NMR 1 H spectroscopy. It was established that the reaction of the alkoxymethylation proceeds in the amino form of the starting 2-aminothiazole to form an appropriate monosubstituted Nalkoxymethyl derivative. As a result of microbiological tests, it was established that these compounds have high bactericidal properties against microorganisms which affect petroleum products and, at a concentration of 0.5%, completely protect both M-8 lubricating oil and diesel fuel from damage by bacteria even in terms of their forced infection. It found that at a concentration of 100 mg/l the obtained compounds protect the CT-3 steel from acid corrosion, moreover N-(isopropoxymethyl)thiazol-2-amine has the greatest protection effect.

Petroleum hydrocarbons ten years after spillage at a helipad in Bunger Hills, East Antarctica

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.B. Gore ◽  
A.T. Revill ◽  
D. Guille
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Subsurface Sediments ◽  
Synthetic Lubricating Oil

Surface and subsurface sediments from a helipad in Bunger Hills were collected ten years after accidental contamination with a small quantity (probably < 10 litres) of petroleum products. The contaminants are dominated by Jet A2 synthetic lubricating oil which exhibits no evidence of degradation or environmental mobility. In contrast, Jet A1 turbine kerosene is less abundant at the surface than at 20 cm depth. There is no evidence for biodegradation of the Jet A1 in the subsurface sample, suggesting that kerosene is environmentally mobile in the surface sediments.

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