CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF OXYGEN CONTAINING ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS IN THE PRESENCE OF METALPOLYMER COMPLEXES

The reactions of liquid-phase oxidation of aliphatic oxygen containing hydrocarbons, in particular, nonanol-4 and nonanon-4 in the presence of polyethylene-polyamine complexes (PEPA) with sorbated ions of metals with changeable valency (Co2+,Cu2+, Ni2+) were studied. It revealed that the oxidation of nonanole-4 and nonanone-4 in the presence of Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions in the analyzed system is less active while in the presence of Co2+ ions decarboxylation of acids it is practically absent and it leads mainly to formation of carbonic acids. It has been established that the character of oxidation reaction mostly depends on the properties of metals fixed on polymer matrix.

RESEARCH INTO THE INFLUENCE OF IONIZING RADIATION ON STORAGE OF VEGETABLES

The effect of ionizing radiation on the organoleptic properties and shelf life of some vegetables (potatoes, onions, carrots and beets, tomatoes and sweet peppers) has been studied. Samples of vegetables were packed in special polymer dishes, and for the purpose of dosimetry, 3 ampoules containing 5 ml of purified benzene were placed next to the samples in each dish. Also, vegetable samples and ampoules were irradiated with doses of 0.5 kGy, 1.0 kGy, 3.0 kGy and 5.0 kGy of ionizing gamma radiation from 60Co sources of the sterilization installation on May 19, 2021. The surface and organoleptic properties of irradiated samples of vegetables placed in a dry, ventilated room, were periodically explored. After a while, deterioration of the organoleptic properties of some samples was recorded, and these samples with spoiled consumer properties were selected and removed from the room. The quantity of potatoes and onions with spoiled consumer properties from May 18, 2021 to August 15, 2021 among unirradiated samples and irradiated with absorbed doses of 3.0 and 5.0 kGy was approximately 30-40%. However, in contrast to the irradiated samples, a gradual germination of non-irradiated, unspoiled samples of potatoes and onion (kept under the same conditions as the irradiated samples) was observed in the reviewed period. Until August 15, 2021, no changes in the appearance and organoleptic properties of potato and onion samples irradiated with doses of 0.5 and 1.0 kGy were detected. It found that to prevent germination and to increase the shelf life of potatoes and onions, their irradiation with doses of 0.5 and 1.0 kGy was required; for a 2-3 fold rise in the shelf life of other types of vegetables, irradiation with absorbed doses of no more than 0.5 kGy is required

POLARIZATION STUDIES OF STEEL IN THE PRESENCE OF SYNERGETIC MIXTURES BASED ON INORGANIC OXIDIZERS AND MONOETHANOLAMINE IN SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS

Polarization studies have shown that the effect of inhibitors containing inorganic oxidants and monoethanolamine reduces the corrosion rate of steel in 3% NaCl. This decrease unambiguously indicates a simultaneous slowing down of the cathodic reduction of molecular oxygen and the anodic reaction of metal ionization. Based on the studies carried out, it was concluded that the developed mixtures function as mixed –type inhibitors

DEPENDENCE OF Cr-Cu-O CATALYSTS ACTIVITY IN THE REACTION OF ETHANOL DEHYDROGENATION ON THEIR PHASE COMPOSITION

The work deals with the reaction of ethanol conversion over chromium copper binary oxide catalysts. It showed that acetaldehyde is the main product of the ethanol conversion reaction. As the temperature rises, the direction of the ethanol conversion reaction shifts toward dehydration of ethanol into ethylene. Studies revealed that the atomic ratio of chromium to copper in the composition of the catalyst also has a strong effect on the activity of chromium-copper oxide catalysts. It established that samples with high chromium content in the composition of the catalyst display the greatest activity in the reaction of acetic aldehyde formation. So, on the sample Cr-Cu = 6-4, the yield of acetaldehyde reaches 82.5% with a selectivity of 97.6%. X-ray studies found that Cr-Cu-O catalysts consist mainly of initial oxides and in some samples indicate the chemical compound. X-ray studies showed that as the copper content decreases, the degree of crystallinity increases in the studied catalytic system. Comparison of the activity of Cr-Cu-O catalysts with their crystallinity degree revealed that the rise in crystallinity degree of chromium-copper oxide catalysts leads to the increase of acetic aldehyde yield and its selectivity in the ethanol conversion reaction.

RESEARCH INTO REACTION ABILITY OF CYCLOHEXANOL AND METHYLCYCLOHEXANOLS IN THE OXIDATIVE DEHYDRATION REACTION OVER MODIFIED ZEOLITE CATALYSTS

The article studied and compared the reactivity of cyclohexanol and methylcyclohexanol isomers in the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction over modified zeolite catalysts. It found that rates of oxidative dehydrogenation of all methylcyclohexanol isomers are practically the same and exceed rates of oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol into cyclohexanone.

REACTION OF CHLOROANHYDRIDES OF CYCLOALKANECARBOXILIC ACIDS WITH SOME ALLYLIC CHLORIDES

The reactions of electrophilic addition of cycloalkane carboxylic acid chlorides with allyl chlorides were studied. It was found, that depending on the chloride structures, 2- and 2,4-substituted furans, 1-R-3,4- dichloro-2-butene-1-ones and 1-R-3,4,4-trichloro-1-butanones were obtained.

SYNTHESIS OF 1-(P-VINYLPHENYL)-2- DIETHYLAMINOMETHYLCYCLOPROPANE AND ITS RADICAL COPOLYMERIZATION WITH METHYL METHACRYLATE

The radical copolymerization of 1-(p-vinylphenyl)-2-diethylaminomethylcyclopropane with methyl methacrylate was carried out and some regularities of the process examined. Values of constants of relative activity of monomers were determined and Q-e parameters calculated on Alfrey and Price. Copolymerization constants of this compound (r1) with methyl methacrylate (r2), calculated on the FinemanRoss method, are as follows: r1 = 0.95, r2 = 0.33, Q and e parameter values: Q1 = 1.80, e1 = -0.72, respectively. The photochemical structuring of the copolymer was studied. It was established that the obtained copolymer has a sufficiently high biomedical activity which opens up the possibility of its using as bactericides and fungicides

ADDUCTS OF SUBSTITUTED VINYLOXYCYCLOPRFOPANES WITH THIOLS AS THERMOSTABILIZERS OF PVC

The compositions on the basis of PVC, containing dioctyl phthalate as a plasticizer, complex thermal stabilizers – calcium and zinc stearates and adducts of thiophenol and ethanedithiol with gemdiglycidyloxymethylsubstituted cyclopropylvinyl ether as co-stabilizers and biocidal additives were developed. Thermal properties of the developed compositions were investigated and the influence of the synthesized sulfur-containing adducts on the thermal stability and color change of the compositions studied. The tests were carried out to reveal the antifungal activity of adducts in the structure of PVC compositions. It found that the chemical structure of adducts after introduction into the structure of compositions was not essentially changed. The compositions with the participation of adducts as co-stabilizers acquired improved indices on thermal stability, color stability and antifungal activity.

HETEROCYCLIZATION OF ALLYL - IODOETHERS IN 1,4-DIOXANE DERIVATIVES

Alkoxyiodination of 1-vinyl-4-organylbenzenes with 2-methyl-3-buten-1-ol and crystalline iodine in the presence of clinoptilolite (NaK) 4CaAl6Ci30O72 leads to allyl b-iodoethers in high yields which in the presence of heteropolyacids are converted into substituted 1,4 -dioxane.

PREPARATION OF XEROGEL OF SILICON DIOXIDE BY ACID HYDROLYSIS OF TETRAETHOXYSILANE AND STUDY INTO ITS SORPTION PROPERTIES

Из тетраэтоксисилана (ТЭОС) методом кислотного гидролиза был синтезирован ксерогель диоксида кремния и исследована его адсорбционная способность по отношению к ионам Cu2+. Изучено элементный состав и морфология полученного образца ксерогеля. Рентгенофазовым анализом и сканирующей электронной микроскопии показана высокопористая структура и чистота полученного ксерогеля. Адсорбционные свойства образца ксерогеля по отношению к ионам Cu2+ изучены на модельных медьсодержащих растворах. Исследовано влияние рН, времени контакта адсорбента с адсорбатом и температуры на адсорбционные характеристики ксерогеля. Показано, что оптимальными значениями для извлечения ионов Cu2+ являются рН 4-8 и температура не выше 40оС. С ростом температуры на градус в диапазоне температур 20о- 40оС, степень адсорбции ионов Сu2+ на ксерогеле диоксида кремния увеличивается в среднем на 0.45 % . Максимальная адсорбционная емкость ионов Cu2+ при оптимальных условиях, составила 67.5 мг/г. При повышении концентрации и увеличении времени сорбции степень извлечения ионов возрастает, что находится в соответствии с изотермой сорбции Ленгмюра.