Sulfur-functionalized Biochar Derived from Sodium Thiosulfate Modified Molten Salt Process for the Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal

This research investigated the heavy metal leaching property and cementitious material preparation by treating municipal solid waste incineration fly ash through the molten salt process. The results indicated that the heavy metal thermal evaporation of fly ash in the molten salt was related to molten salt composition, heat treatment temperature and atmosphere. After treatment with sodium chloride molten salts (contains 10–50 wt% calcium chloride) from 900°C to 1000°C for 2 h, the leaching concentrations of lead, cadmium, copper, zinc and other heavy metals in fly ash were decreased more than 90% and they could fully meet with the landfill standard. Moreover, after molten salt treatment, the weight fraction of fly ash was reduced by 50 wt% than the original one, and the fly ash has been changed as a kind of cementitious material, which has excellent cementitious property. The X-ray diffraction result indicated that the main crystal mineral composition of cementitious materials obtained was alite, belite, alinite and calcium sulphate.

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Industrially scalable Chitosan/Nylon-6 (CS/N) nanofiber-based reusable adsorbent for efficient removal of heavy metal from water

Polymer ◽

10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 213 ◽

pp. 123333

Author(s):

Ashish Kakoria ◽

Suman Sinha-Ray ◽

Sumit Sinha-Ray

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Nylon 6 ◽

Efficient Removal

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Porous BMTTPA–CS–GO nanocomposite for the efficient removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d0ra07836k ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 3725-3731

Author(s):

Juan Huang ◽

Weirong Cui ◽

Ruping Liang ◽

Li Zhang ◽

Jianding Qiu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Polluted Water ◽

Efficient Removal

Novel porous BMTTPA–CS–GO nanocomposites are prepared by covalently grafting BMTTPA–CS onto GO surfaces, and used for efficient removal of heavy metal ions from polluted water.

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On the Dimensions Required for a Molten Salt Zero Power Reactor Operating on Chloride Salts

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11156673 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (15) ◽

pp. 6673

Author(s):

Bruno Merk ◽

Anna Detkina ◽

Seddon Atkinson ◽

Dzianis Litskevich ◽

Gregory Cartland-Glover

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Molten Salt ◽

Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽

Fuel Cycle ◽

Power Reactor ◽

Modelling And Simulation ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Electricity Production ◽

Eutectic System ◽

Low Carbon

Molten salt reactors have gained substantial interest in the last years due to their flexibility and their potential for simplified closed fuel cycle operation for massive expansion in low-carbon electricity production, which will be required for a future net-zero society. The importance of a zero-power reactor for the process of developing a new, innovative rector concept, such as that required for the molten salt fast reactor based on iMAGINE technology, which operates directly on spent nuclear fuel, is described here. It is based on historical developments as well as the current demand for experimental results and key factors that are relevant to the success of the next step in the development process of all innovative reactor types. In the systematic modelling and simulation of a zero-power molten salt reactor, the radius and the feedback effects are studied for a eutectic based system, while a heavy metal rich chloride-based system are studied depending on the uranium enrichment accompanied with the effects on neutron flux spectrum and spatial distribution. These results are used to support the relevant decision for the narrowing down of the configurations supported by considerations on cost and proliferation for the follow up 3-D analysis. The results provide for the first time a systematic modelling and simulation approach for a new reactor physics experiment for an advanced technology. The expected core volumes for these configurations have been studied using multi-group and continuous energy Monte-Carlo simulations identifying the 35% enriched systems as the most attractive. This finally leads to the choice of heavy metal rich compositions with 35% enrichment as the reference system for future studies of the next steps in the zero power reactor investigation. An alternative could be the eutectic system in the case the increased core diameter is manageable. The inter-comparison of the different applied codes and approaches available in the SCALE package has delivered a very good agreement between the results, creating trust into the developed and used models and methods.

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