Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic relevance of gasdermin E in human diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 110189
Author(s):  
Jiabing Wang ◽  
Tiantian Ye ◽  
Shijian Wang ◽  
Jinming Wang ◽  
Yong Jin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Relevance

The impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine on mitophagy in disease models

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ping Yu ◽  
Ting-Ting Shi ◽  
Yan-Qin Li ◽  
Jian-Kang Mu ◽  
Ya-Qin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

: Mitophagy plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial quality and cell homeostasis through the degradation of damaged, aged, and dysfunctional mitochondria and misfolded proteins. Many human diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases, are related to disorders of mitochondrial phagocytosis. Exploring the regulatory mechanisms of mitophagy is of great significance for revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying the related diseases. Herein, we summarize the major mechanisms of mitophagy, the relationship of mitophagy with human diseases, and the role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in mitophagy. These discussions enhance our knowledge of mitophagy and its potential therapeutic targets using TCM.

scholarly journals Current and Emerging Biomarkers of Cell Death in Human Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kongning Li ◽  
Deng Wu ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Mitotic Catastrophe ◽  
Regulated Necrosis ◽  
Early Diagnose ◽  
Multicellular Organisms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Cell death is a critical biological process, serving many important functions within multicellular organisms. Aberrations in cell death can contribute to the pathology of human diseases. Significant progress made in the research area enormously speeds up our understanding of the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of cell death. According to the distinct morphological and biochemical characteristics, cell death can be triggered by extrinsic or intrinsic apoptosis, regulated necrosis, autophagic cell death, and mitotic catastrophe. Nevertheless, the realization that all of these efforts seek to pursue an effective treatment and cure for the disease has spurred a significant interest in the development of promising biomarkers of cell death to early diagnose disease and accurately predict disease progression and outcome. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge about cell death, survey current and emerging biomarkers of cell death, and discuss the relationship with human diseases.

Anti-alpha enolase multi-antibody specificity in human diseases. Clinical significance and molecular mechanisms

2021 ◽  
pp. 102977
Author(s):  
Andrea Angeletti ◽  
Paola Migliorini ◽  
Maurizio Bruschi ◽  
Federico Pratesi ◽  
Giovanni Candiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Antibody Specificity

scholarly journals Translational Control of Secretory Proteins in Health and Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey L. Karamyshev ◽  
Elena B. Tikhonova ◽  
Zemfira N. Karamysheva
Keyword(s):  
Translational Control ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Signal Recognition Particle ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Signal Peptides ◽  
Protein Biogenesis ◽  
Health And Disease

Secretory proteins are synthesized in a form of precursors with additional sequences at their N-terminal ends called signal peptides. The signal peptides are recognized co-translationally by signal recognition particle (SRP). This interaction leads to targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and translocation of the nascent chains into the ER lumen. It was demonstrated recently that in addition to a targeting function, SRP has a novel role in protection of secretory protein mRNAs from degradation. It was also found that the quality of secretory proteins is controlled by the recently discovered Regulation of Aberrant Protein Production (RAPP) pathway. RAPP monitors interactions of polypeptide nascent chains during their synthesis on the ribosomes and specifically degrades their mRNAs if these interactions are abolished due to mutations in the nascent chains or defects in the targeting factor. It was demonstrated that pathological RAPP activation is one of the molecular mechanisms of human diseases associated with defects in the secretory proteins. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding of translational control of secretory protein biogenesis on the ribosome and pathological consequences of its dysregulation in human diseases.

scholarly journals LncTarD: a manually-curated database of experimentally-supported functional lncRNA–target regulations in human diseases

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongying Zhao ◽  
Jian Shi ◽  
Yunpeng Zhang ◽  
Aimin Xie ◽  
Lei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Functional Dynamics ◽  
Disease Associations ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Pan Cancer

Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with human diseases. Although lncRNA–disease associations have received significant attention, no online repository is available to collect lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms, key downstream targets, and important biological functions driven by disease-related lncRNAs in human diseases. We thus developed LncTarD (http://biocc.hrbmu.edu.cn/LncTarD/ or http://bio-bigdata.hrbmu.edu.cn/LncTarD), a manually-curated database that provides a comprehensive resource of key lncRNA–target regulations, lncRNA-influenced functions, and lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms in human diseases. LncTarD offers (i) 2822 key lncRNA–target regulations involving 475 lncRNAs and 1039 targets associated with 177 human diseases; (ii) 1613 experimentally-supported functional regulations and 1209 expression associations in human diseases; (iii) important biological functions driven by disease-related lncRNAs in human diseases; (iv) lncRNA–target regulations responsible for drug resistance or sensitivity in human diseases and (v) lncRNA microarray, lncRNA sequence data and transcriptome data of an 11 373 pan-cancer patient cohort from TCGA to help characterize the functional dynamics of these lncRNA–target regulations. LncTarD also provides a user-friendly interface to conveniently browse, search, and download data. LncTarD will be a useful resource platform for the further understanding of functions and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA deregulation in human disease, which will help to identify novel and sensitive biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

The molecular mechanisms of copper metabolism and its roles in human diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 472 (10) ◽  
pp. 1415-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Chen ◽  
Yunhui Jiang ◽  
Hua Shi ◽  
Yougong Peng ◽  
Xueying Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Copper Metabolism ◽  
Human Diseases

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DISEASE-ASSOCIATED MUTATIONS IN THE CODING REGIONS OF ALTERNATIVELY AND CONSTITUTIVELY SPLICED HUMAN GENES

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 241-253
Author(s):  
QIANLI HUANG ◽  
YONG LI ◽  
JESSE LI-LING ◽  
HUIFANG HUANG ◽  
XUEPING CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Codon Usage ◽  
Codon Usage Bias ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Single Mutation ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Human Disease Genes

To better understand the evolutionary and molecular mechanisms of alternative splicing causing human diseases, we have systematically compared the pattern, the distribution and the density of disease-associated mutations as well as the influence of codon usage bias on the single mutation between alternatively and constitutively spliced genes through analysis of the large datasets from human disease genes. The results indicated that: 1. The most common pattern of single mutation in alternatively and constitutively spliced genes are, respectively, C/T (25.17%), (22.81%) and G/A (21.54%), (22.73%), suggesting that the two types of disease genes are prone to C → T and G → A mutations. 2. There is an overall preponderance for transitions over transversions in alternatively (62.88% versus 37.12%) and constitutively (64.41% versus 35.59%) spliced disease genes. 3. For the second base of codons, there exist significant differences in transitions and transversions between the two types of genes. 4. Our data indicated that the single mutation tends to occur preferentially when the upstream neighboring-nucleotide is C or G in human disease genes. 5. Codon usage bias and synonymous codon usage have great influence on the single mutation in both alternatively and constitutively spliced genes. The GC content and gene length also have very evident influence on such mutations. Our results seem to imply that disease-associated mutations within the coding regions of alternatively spliced human disease genes have different mechanisms from constitutively spliced genes. Such findings may facilitate understanding the molecular mechanism of alternative splicing causing human diseases, and the development of gene therapies for such diseases.

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