RETRACTED: A survey of the secondary exposure to organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides and the impact of preventive factors in female villagers

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 124887
Author(s):  
Mohammad Samare ◽  
Ali N. Samareh ◽  
Soolmaz Safari ◽  
Reza Zaree ◽  
Delaram Moghadam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Secondary Exposure ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Perennial Existence of Organochlorine Pesticides in the Soils of Amghara, Kuwait

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Alshemmari
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Ionization Mode ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract A comprehensive study from the surface soil samples of 14 locations from Amghara, Kuwait were assessed for the investigation organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Due the high degree of contamination in the environment and the health consequences of OCPs, the assessment of these compounds had a significant concern. There is limited informations regarding the distribution pattern of OCPs in the soil samples of Kuwait. The study comprises 12 OCPs including their isomers. Pesticide residue analysis was done with a gas chromatograph for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) coupled to a triple quadruple mass spectrometer in electron ionization mode. The total concentration of OCPs were in the range of 209.39 pg/g -7449.18 pg/g with an average value of 1313.04 pg/g. DDT had higher concentrations in soil samples (969.52 pg/g) than the other pesticides, according to the findings. The distribution pattern of OCPs in the Amghara soils revealed their origin as both historical and recent application of pesticides. The impact of soil pH on the distribution of DDTs in Amghara soil samples were also investigated. The study further looked at how residual quantities could be used to determine health risks of both children and adults. Children and adults in all the locations were subject to negligible cancer risk, according to the health risk evaluation. OCP's cancer dangers from ingestion, dermal exposure, and inhalation of soil particles indicated that all stations were in the safe zone.

Analysis of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Sediments of the Wanzhou Section of the Yangtze River

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2352-2355
Author(s):  
Jun Sheng Qi ◽  
Yu Ling Wang ◽  
Chuan Fu ◽  
Kun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Direct Discharge

Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls content can be obtained By measuring Wanzhou of the Yangtze River and Wanzhou Zhuxi River in sediment : Sediment content of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls are increased the river down. Organochlorine pesticides in sediments are β-HCH> δ-HCH> α-HCH> γ-HCH, and pp'-DDE> pp '-DDD> op'-DDT> pp'-DDT. Organochlorine pesticides and PCBs of Wanzhou of the Yangtze River sediment in the distribution of the sampling points are similar characteristics. The main source of pollution is the direct discharge of industrial wastewater, agricultural pollution and soil erosion of farmland. Although OCPs and PCBs in water environment are very low, the impact on human health can not be ignored. Therefore certain measures are taken to clean emissions from industrial wastewater and agricultural non-point source pollution control.

scholarly journals Potential impact of diphacinone application strategies on secondary exposure risk in a common rodent pest: implications for management of California ground squirrels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Baldwin ◽  
Theresa A. Becchetti ◽  
Ryan Meinerz ◽  
Niamh Quinn
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Exposure Risk ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Central California ◽  
Secondary Exposure ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Bait Stations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
California Ground Squirrels

AbstractAnticoagulant rodenticides are a common tool used to manage rodents in agricultural systems, but they have received increased scrutiny given concerns about secondary exposure in non-target wildlife. Rodenticide application strategy is one factor that influences exposure risk. To understand the impact of application strategy, we tested residues of a first-generation anticoagulant (diphacinone) in liver tissue of radiotransmittered California ground squirrels (Otospermophilus beecheyi) following spot treatments, broadcast applications, and bait station applications in rangelands in central California during summer and autumn 2018–2019. We also documented the amount of bait applied, the mean time from bait application until death, and the proportion of ground squirrels that died belowground. We documented the greatest amount of bait applied via bait stations and the least by broadcast applications. We did not document a difference in diphacinone residues across any application strategy, although survivors had an order of magnitude lower concentration of diphacinone than mortalities, potentially lowering secondary exposure risk. We did not observe any difference among bait delivery methods in time from bait application to death, nor did we identify any impact of seasonality on any of the factors we tested. The vast majority of mortalities occurred belowground (82–91%), likely reducing secondary exposure. Secondary exposure could be further reduced by daily carcass searches. Results from this study better define risk associated with first-generation anticoagulant rodenticide applications, ultimately assisting in development of management programs that minimize non-target exposure.

scholarly journals Pajanan Pestisida Organoklorin Terhadap Diabetes Melitus Tipe-2 Pada Usia Muda: Tinjauan Literatur

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 576-583
Author(s):  
Mufidatul Husna ◽  
Budi Hartono
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Early Diabetes ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
The Impact

DMT2 is the most common type of diabetes in the world. In developed countries, dia¬betes affects people over 65 years old. However, in Asia, the younger generation is also affected and the age onset of diabetes has declined. Several factors that may lead to early diabetes is changes in consumption and activity patterns. However, that should be noted that pestisides expusure by food and environmental pollutants can even be the reason behind the increasing incidence of type-2 diabetes mellitus. This study aims to provide a systematic review of the impact of pesticide exposure on the incidence of type-2 diabetes, especially at a young age. We performed articles search using Science Direct, Spinger Link, ProQuest, Pubmed and Scopus databases published since 2010 until 2020. In total, 10 scientific articles included in this study. Pesticide exposure is determined by the nature of the sources. Most studies showed a strong association between organochlorine pesticides and also the incidence of diabetes. The average age of the entire study was 43 years this has proven that there is a decrease in the onset of age of people with DMT2 in Asia. The results show that organochlorine pesticides had an impact on the incidence of DMT2 at a younger age. Someone with high levels of organochlorines serum will had a high blood glucose levels. Race may also effect the incidence of diabetes, it need to be assessed experimentally.

scholarly journals Review of current evidence on the impact of pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and selected metals on attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder in children

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Polańska ◽  
Joanna Jurewicz ◽  
Wojciech Hanke
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Child Exposure ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of this review was to investigate the association between attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or ADHD-related symptoms and industrial chemicals, such as organophosphates and organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), lead, mercury and manganese. Medline, PubMed and EBSCO searches were performed to identify the studies that analyzed the association of prenatal and postnatal child exposure to such toxicants and ADHD or ADHD-related symptoms. The review is restricted to human studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals since 2000. Most of the presented studies focused on pesticides, PCB and lead. The impact of mercury and manganese was investigated less frequently. The findings indicate that children’s exposure to organophosphate pesticides may cause symptoms consistent with pervasive developmental disorder, ADHD or attention problems. Exposures to organochlorine pesticides and PCBs were associated with ADHD-like behaviors such as alertness, quality of alert response, and cost of attention. The studies provided evidence that blood lead level below 10 μg/dl was associated with ADHD or ADHD-related symptoms. Information on the association between exposure to mercury and neurotoxicity is limited, and requires further confirmation in future research. Two studies indicated that exposure to manganese is related to ADHD; such exposure and its impact on children neurodevelopment need to be further investigated. Future studies should use a prospective design with multiple biological samples collected over time for better assessment of exposure and its critical windows. Additionally, inclusion of potential confounding factors and co-exposures is crucial.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

Asteroid and Comet Impact Speeds upon Mars: Significance for Panspermia and the Supply of Organics

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Steel
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Significant Fraction ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhilst lithopanspermia depends upon massive impacts occurring at a speed above some limit, the intact delivery of organic chemicals or other volatiles to a planet requires the impact speed to be below some other limit such that a significant fraction of that material escapes destruction. Thus the two opposite ends of the impact speed distributions are the regions of interest in the bioastronomical context, whereas much modelling work on impacts delivers, or makes use of, only the mean speed. Here the probability distributions of impact speeds upon Mars are calculated for (i) the orbital distribution of known asteroids; and (ii) the expected distribution of near-parabolic cometary orbits. It is found that cometary impacts are far more likely to eject rocks from Mars (over 99 percent of the cometary impacts are at speeds above 20 km/sec, but at most 5 percent of the asteroidal impacts); paradoxically, the objects impacting at speeds low enough to make organic/volatile survival possible (the asteroids) are those which are depleted in such species.

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