The effect of land management on carbon sequestration in salty rangelands of Golestan province, Iran

Abstract The global temperature could increase over 1.5 or even 2 °C by the middle of 21st century due to massive emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) — of which carbon dioxide (CO2) is the largest component1. Human activities emit more than 10 PgC (1PgC=1015gC) per year into the atmosphere1, which is regarded as the primary reason for increased atmospheric CO2 concentration and global warming2. Global vegetation sequesters 112–169 PgC each year3, about half of which is released back into the atmosphere through autotrophic respiration while the rest, termed as net primary production (NPP), is for balancing the CO2 emissions from human activities, microbial respiration, and decomposition4. Carbon sequestration from vegetation varies under different environmental conditions5 and could also be significantly altered by land management practices (LMPs)6. Adopting optimal land management practices (OLMPs) helps sequester more CO2 from the atmosphere and mitigate climate changes. Understanding the extra carbon sequestration with OLMPs, or termed as carbon gap, is an important scientific topic that is rarely studied. Here we propose an integrated method to identify the location-specific OLMPs and assess the carbon gap by using remotely sensed time-series of NPP dataset, segmented landscape-vegetation-soil (LVS) zones and distance-constrained zonal analysis. The findings show that the carbon gap from global land plants totaled 13.74 PgC per year with OLMPs referenced from within a 20km neighborhood, an equivalent of ~1/5 of the total sequestered net carbon at the current level; half of the carbon gap clusters in only ~15% of vegetated area. The carbon gap flux rises with population density and the priority for implementing OLMPs should be given to the densely populated areas to enhance the global carbon sequestration capacity.

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Characteristics and Mechanism Analysis of Impacts of Different Land Management Types on Soil Carbon Sequestration

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1549/2/022123 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1549 ◽

pp. 022123

Author(s):

Sisi Yao

Keyword(s):

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Land Management ◽

Soil Carbon Sequestration ◽

Mechanism Analysis

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Ecological Land Adaptive Planning in Macroscale, Mesoscale, and Microscale of Shanghai

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12052142 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 2142

Author(s):

Wuyi Jiang ◽

Jiawei Xu ◽

Yongli Cai ◽

Zhiyong Liu

Keyword(s):

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Habitat Quality ◽

Land Management ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Urban Ecosystems ◽

Research Area ◽

Adaptive Planning ◽

Land Planning ◽

The Sustainable Development

The urban ecosystems in China have been compromised during the process of urbanization. The declining services of ecological lands have hindered the sustainable development of cities and the current ecological land management (regulations, rules, and laws) in China cannot meet the demand of future development. In this paper, a new multiscale systematic adaptive ecological land planning method is proposed. Shanghai, a typical mega-city in China, was chosen as the research area. To scientifically and adaptively manage ecological land, downscale management was used and macroscales (city), mesoscales (town), and microscales (community) were chosen. In different scales, different indicators were chosen as evaluation criteria to evaluate the services of the lands. At the mesoscale, habitat quality, carbon sequestration, water conservation, and soil fertility maintenance were chosen. At the mesoscale, habitat quality, carbon sequestration capacity, water production service and food supply were chosen as the evaluation criteria. These indicators are used to evaluate the importance levels of corresponding areas. Based on the importance levels of macroscales and mesoscales, three different scenarios with different targets of Changtian Community were proposed. All three scenarios were judged by stakeholders (residents and managers) of the community and a final scenario was proposed to meet all the requirements. This research not only provides theoretical reference and technical support for ecological land management in different scales of Shanghai, but also provides a new method of adaptive ecological land planning in megacities.

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Soil Carbon Sequestration Potential and Linkages with General Flooding and Erosion Issues, Gisborne/East-Cape Region, North Island, New Zealand

10.26686/wgtn.17011595 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Bridget Ellen O'Leary

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

New Zealand ◽

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Cycle ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Land Management ◽

Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽

Sequestration Potential

The global carbon cycle has been significantly modified by increased human demand and consumption of natural resources. Billions of tonnes of carbon moves between the Earth’s natural spheres in any given year, with anthropogenic activities adding approximately 7.1 gigatonnes (Gt) of carbon (C) to this flux. On a global basis, the sum of C in living terrestrial biomass and soils is approximately three times greater than the carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere; with the current soil organic carbon (OC) pool estimated at about 1500 Gt (Falkowski et al. 2000). With total global emissions of CO2 from soils being acknowledged as one of the largest fluxes in the carbon cycle, ideas and research into mitigating this flux are now being recognised as extremely important in terms of climate change and the reduction of green house gases (GHG) in the future. Additional co-benefits of increasing carbon storage within the soil are improvements in a soil’s structural and hydrological capacity. For example, increasing organic carbon generally increases infiltration and storage capacity of soil, with potential to reduce flooding and erosion. There are several management options that can be applied in order to increase the amount of carbon in the soil. Adjustments to land management techniques (e.g. ploughing) and also changes to cropping and vegetation type can increase organic carbon content within the subsurface (Schlesinger & Andrews, 2000). If we are able to identify specific areas of the landscape that are prone to carbon losses or have potential to be modified to store additional carbon, we can take targeted action to mitigate and apply better management strategies to these areas. This research aims to investigate issues surrounding soil carbon and the more general sustainability issues of the Gisborne/East-Cape region, North Island, New Zealand. Maori-owned land has a large presence in the region. Much of this land is described as being “marginal” in many aspects. The region also has major issues in terms of flooding and erosion. Explored within this research are issues surrounding sustainability, (including flooding, erosion, and Maori land) with particular emphasis on carbon sequestration potential and the multiple co-benefits associated with increasing the amount of carbon in the soil. This research consists of a desktop study and field investigations focusing on differences in soil type and vegetation cover/land use and what effects these differences have on soil OC content within the subsurface. Soil chemical and physical analysis was undertaken with 220 soil samples collected from two case-study properties. Particle size analysis was carried out using a laser particle sizer (LPS) to determine textural characteristics and hydraulic capacity. Soil organic carbon (OC) content was determined following the colorimetric method, wet oxidation (Blakemore et al. 1987), with results identifying large difference in soil OC quantification between sampled sites. National scale data is explored and then compared with the results from this field investigation. The direct and indirect benefits resulting from more carbon being locked up in soil may assist in determining incentives for better land-use and land management practices in the Gisborne/East-Cape region. Potentially leading to benefits for the land-user, the environment and overall general sustainability.

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Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Forest and Agricultural Lands: Carbon Sequestration

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-ae435-2008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Solomon G. Haile ◽

Clyde W. Fraisse ◽

Vimala D. Nair ◽

Ramachandran P-K Nair

Keyword(s):

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Land Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

C Sequestration ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation ◽

Biological Engineering ◽

Agricultural Lands ◽

Ghg Mitigation ◽

Sequestration Potential

AE435, an 8-page fact sheet by Solomon G. Haile, Clyde W. Fraisse, Vimala D. Nair, and P.K. Ramachandran Nair, addresses some basic questions regarding the prospects of carbon (C) sequestration in forest and agricultural lands and examines the C sequestration potential of different land management practices that could play a role in GHG mitigation strategies. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, September 2008.

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Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sink potential in Eastern Africa rangeland ecosystems: A review

Pastoralism Research Policy and Practice ◽

10.1186/s13570-021-00201-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Michael Elias Mgalula ◽

Oliver Vivian Wasonga ◽

Christian Hülsebusch ◽

Uwe Richter ◽

Oliver Hensel

Keyword(s):

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Land Management ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

Capture Process ◽

Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Sequestration Potential ◽

Crop Farming ◽

Sink Capacity ◽

Livestock Husbandry

AbstractMany activities from livestock husbandry contribute to emission and concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) gases to the atmosphere; activities such as grazing, manure and urine deposited or stored on land as well as crop farming practices such as tilling, burning of biomass or crop residues. A better understanding of the extent of emission sources and carbon sequestration potential for Eastern Africa rangelands is vital for developing mitigation strategies. In this article, we review the sources of emission with a focus on land conversion for crop farming, livestock husbandry, wildfire/burning and biotic processes such as soil biota activity in the ecosystem. The trade-offs of using rangeland with an emphasis on enhancing carbon sequestration potential are also addressed. This review revealed that many practices that enhance carbon capture process show promising benefits with sink capacity of −0.004 to 13 Mg C ha−1 year−1. However, given multiple land-use and environmental dynamics in Eastern African rangelands, it is imperative to generate more data across various land management and climatic zones in order to ascertain varied sink capacity. Improving carbon sequestration in rangelands through appropriate land management is a promising cost-effective strategy to mitigate climate change. Through improved farming or grazing management practice and restoring of degraded areas, there are significant benefits to enhance carbon sequestration. As rangeland resources are multi-faceted, engaging trans-disciplinary approaches is necessary to allow analyses of co-benefits of improved management or trade-offs degrading.

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Interactions in the soil-plant-water system as a basis for landscape-adoptive planning of carbon sequestration in agroecosystems along natural moisture gradient

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-7675 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alla Yurova ◽

Valery Kiryushin ◽

Anna Yudina

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Land Management ◽

Soil Structure ◽

Weather Condition ◽

C Sequestration ◽

Mineral Weathering ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Zone Model

The key for implementation of sustainable development goals in land management is in multifunctional paradigm of landscape usage. A lot of scientific efforts were done since 1980s (e.g. Kiryushin, 2019) to develop a landscape-adaptive system which is in essence addressing1) spatial distribution of plant varieties and farm operations adapted to topographical and lithological landscape features 2) temporal tuning of crop phenology to regional and even local weather conditions. This system proved especially useful in increasing the yield and yet reducing pollution level in experimental settings. However, there were no boost of implementation in the country of origin-Russia- due to number of reasons, social and economical included. The rapid growth of carbon tax and carbon market provides a new window of opportunity for landscape adaptive agriculture, but only in case documented benefit for carbon sequestration could be shown. Here we present theoretical proof of concept based on integrated critical zone model, 1D-ICZ (Giannakis et al, 2017), that couples computational modules for soil organic matter dynamics, soil aggregation and structure dynamics, bioturbation, plant productivity and nutrient uptake, water flow, solute speciation and transport, and mineral weathering kinetics. The model was applied to study C sequestration soil function along the regional natural soil moisture and temperature gradient. Calibration was done for three soil types (Retisols, Phaeozems, Chernozems) of increasing moisture deficits representing the well-drained landscape shoulder positions with an automorphic regime and hydromorphic footslope positions. The scenario simulation included the change in relative frequency of weather condition with low and extremely low, but also high end extremely high precipitation (from IPCC set of climate models). The model explicitly couples water infiltration storage and supply to soil structure and pedotransfer functions varying with meteorological conditions. This interaction allowed to select the current soil configuration and usage or structural and biogeochemical change in each soil and each scenario that are presumably most beneficial for C sequestration. The role of climate variables was maximum for automorphic regime and decreased with the decreasing distance to ground water. The soil textural, structural, and chemical properties on opposite played the major role on footslope positions. Accordingly, optimal land management option that promote corresponding soil structure, organic matter input and soil climate is proposed and discussed in balance with other soil functions.

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