Exploring value capture mechanisms for heritage protection under public leasehold systems: A case study of West Lake Cultural Landscape

The conflict between world cultural heritage and local communities is investigated by using the cultural landscape heritage of West Lake in China as a case study, and establishing an analytical framework of “Rights–Values–Interests” based on the property rights theory of the new institutional economics and the value and interest structure characteristics of cultural heritage. The conflict problem in the market environment is analyzed based on a theoretical explanation. An in-depth discussion of the framework and improvement of China’s protection institution is provided. We outline the following key points: First, the Chinese government “plundered” certain behavior rights and legitimate interests of community residents through the enactment of protection laws, leading to a conflict between the protection and community. Second, China’s laws lack a clear definition of the power and responsibility of the central and local governments with regard to protection actions, leading to vague positions of the government and exacerbating conflicts. Third, China’s protection laws are out of touch with the laws of private property rights. The root cause of the conflict is that the protection action only considers the protection law as the core but neglects the residents’ legal behavior rights. Finally, from the perspective of considering the residents’ legitimate interest demands, defining behavior rights boundaries, and strengthening administrative management, we propose to improve the protection institution in order to achieve the harmonious integration of heritage protection and local communities, and we call for a greater focus on the legitimate interests or survival rights of ordinary Chinese community residents.

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World Heritage listing and changes of political values: a case study in West Lake Cultural Landscape in Hongzhou, China

International Journal of Heritage Studies ◽

10.1080/13527258.2016.1255989 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 215-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Rouran Zhang

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscape ◽

World Heritage ◽

Political Values ◽

West Lake

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Living Heritage in the Urban Landscape. Case Study of the Budapest World Heritage Site Andrássy Avenue

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13094699 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 4699

Author(s):

Kinga Szilágyi ◽

Chaima Lahmar ◽

Camila Andressa Pereira Rosa ◽

Krisztina Szabó

Keyword(s):

Urban Development ◽

Green Infrastructure ◽

Urban Landscape ◽

World Heritage ◽

World Heritage Site ◽

Urban Green ◽

Heritage Site ◽

Heritage Protection ◽

Urban Green Infrastructure

Historic allées and urban avenues reflect a far-sighted and forward-thinking design attitude. These compositions are the living witnesses of olden times, suggesting permanence. However, the 20th century’s urban development severely damaged the environment, therefore hundred-year-old mature trees are relatively rare among city avenues’ stands. Due to the deteriorated habitat conditions, replantation may be necessary from time to time. However, there are a large number of replanted allées and urban avenues considered historical monuments, according to the relevant international literature in urban and living heritage’s preservation. The renewal often results in planting a different, urban tolerant taxon, as seen in several examples reviewed. Nevertheless, the allée remains an essential urban structural element, though often with a changed character. The Budapest Andrássy Avenue, a city and nature connection defined in the late 19th century’s urban landscape planning, aimed to offer a splendid link between city core and nature in Városliget Public Park. The 19–20th century’s history and urban development are well documented in Hungarian and several English publications, though current tree stock stand and linear urban green infrastructure as part of the urban landscape need a detailed survey. The site analyses ran in 2020–early 2021 created a basis for assessing the allées and the whole avenue as an urban ecosystem and a valuable case study of contemporary heritage protection problems. Andrassy Avenue, the unique urban fabric, architecture, and promenades have been a world heritage monument of cultural value since 2002. The allées became endangered despite reconstruction type maintenance efforts. The presented survey analyses the living heritage’s former renewal programs and underlines the necessity of new reconstruction concepts in urban heritage protection. We hypothesize that urban green infrastructure development, the main issue in the 21st century to improve the urban ecological system and human liveability, may support heritage protection. The Budapest World Heritage Site is worthwhile for a complex renewal where the urban green ecosystem supply and liveable, pedestrian-friendly urban open space system are at the forefront to recall the once glorious, socially and aesthetically attractive avenue.

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A Narrative Design and Visual Reproduction of the National Cultural Landscape —A Case Study of Relief Creation in the City of Tang-ya

Art Design and Science ◽

10.35534/ads.0101017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 131-137

Author(s):

Zhao HengYu ◽

Qiu Yu ◽

Liu Wei

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscape ◽

Narrative Design ◽

The City

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The Snow-Capped Mountain and the Uranium Mine

Advances in Archaeological Practice ◽

10.7183/2326-3768.2.4.234 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 234-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Chip Colwell ◽

T. J. Ferguson

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscape ◽

Heritage Management ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Uranium Mine ◽

Sacred Landscape ◽

Federal Mandate ◽

Traditional Cultural Properties ◽

Living Being ◽

Descendant Communities

AbstractKnown in English as Mount Taylor, Dewankwin Kyaba:chu Yalanne (“in the east snow-capped mountain”) in northwestern New Mexico is a sacred landscape to the Zuni people. From an archaeological perspective, the mountain is dotted with hundreds of discrete archaeological sites that record 12,000 years of history. From a Zuni perspective, Mount Taylor is a rich cultural landscape—a tangible record of ancestral migrations, a living being, a pilgrimage site, a referent in religious prayers, a spiritual source of rain, and a collecting place for spring water, animals, minerals, and plants. For Zunis, all of these facets of the mountain combine to create a “total landscape” that is both a source and an instrument of Zuni culture. This article presents a case study of a compliance project to document the potential impacts of a proposed uranium mine at the base of Mount Taylor on Zuni traditional cultural properties. The project demonstrates how archaeologists can benefit from a landscape perspective that builds from the traditional knowledge of descendant communities. The Zuni standpoint further helps shape a CRM practice that is anthropologically informed and consistent with a developing federal mandate to use landscape-scale analysis in heritage management and mitigation practices.

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Forestación peridoméstica en Patagonia y conocimiento ecológico tradicional: un estudio de caso

SITIENTIBUS série Ciências Biológicas ◽

10.13102/scb110 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 321 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Betina Cardoso ◽

Ana Haydeé Ladio

Keyword(s):

General Practice ◽

Cultural Landscape ◽

Ecological Knowledge ◽

Multivariate Methods ◽

Small Community ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Living Space ◽

Rio Negro ◽

Forested Areas

The Patagoniansteppe is a cultural landscape which is constantly being recreated by man. In this case study, peridomestic forestation oftree species was analysed in a small community, including the richness of plants used and the reasons behind their choice.In the Mapuche population of Pilkiniyeu del Limay (Río Negro) free and semi-structured interviews were carried out with28 interviewees. The data was analysed using both uni- and multivariate methods. Results indicate that nine exotic speciesare used. These forested areas, used for meetings and recreation, provide useful living space and are of great socialimportance. The principal motivation behind this forestation is the need for materials for building fences (96%), toprovide shelter from the elements (86%), firewood (43%), and cattle fodder (11%). The MSD revealed a shared valuesystem with respect to the forestation. The traditional ecological knowledge that people use in the selection and use offirewood species does not seem to have an influence on choices made when planting trees around their homes. This couldindicate that forestation is a general practice deeply rooted and influenced by the oblique transmission carried out byexternal agriculture agents who visit and offer help to this community.

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Évaluation de degré de défense de l’architecture défensive pré-coloniale en Algérie : cas des villages fortifiés

X ◽

10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11376 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohand Oulmas ◽

Amina Abdessemed-Fouda ◽

Ángel Benigno González Avilés

Keyword(s):

Complex System ◽

Cultural Values ◽

Case Studies ◽

Cultural Landscape ◽

Geometrical Shape ◽

Defense System ◽

Medieval Period ◽

Architectural Features ◽

The Relationship

Assassing the defensibility of the pre-colonial defensive architecture in Algeria: case study on the medieval fortified villagesAlgeria’s pre-colonial towns of the medieval period still exist in different typologies, ranging from the isolated buildings (forts, castles) and town enclosures to whole urban units (fortified villages, defensives towns). Indeed, the constituent of these fortresses was their defense system, characterized by its large dimension, constituted essentially by the enclosure wall, and architectural features of defensiveness correlated with the outside and the inside of the fortresses. This paper aims to evaluate the relationship between physical landscape, built defensive features and cultural values of the medieval fortified villages in Algeria, two medieval fortified villages in our case “Kalaa of Beni Abbes” in Bejaia and “Kalaa of Beni Rached” in Oran, that we identified as an evolved landscape and interpreted as complex system (both defensive architecture and continuing cultural landscape). This current study consists of quantifying the defensiveness degree of these sites situated within different contexts, in fact, this method ensures to identify the strategy adopted to be protected against different invasions. However, in order to achieve this we calculate a spatial defensiveness index (DI) of these sites. The parameters of our choice are related to the implantation site, the elevation, the visibility and the geometrical shape, which allow us to estimate the defensiveness degree of the defense system of our case studies.

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SURVEI SIDE SCAN SONAR DALAM PENELITIAN ARKEOLOGI BAWAH AIR DI PERAIRAN SUNGAI: STUDI KASUS PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BRANTAS [SIDE SCAN SONAR SURVEY IN RIVERINE UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH: CASE STUDY IN THE BRANTAS BASIN]

Naditira Widya ◽

10.24832/nw.v15i2.459 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 99-112

Author(s):

Agni Mochtar ◽

Firman Setiawan ◽

Shinatria Adhityatama

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscape ◽

Historical Context ◽

Archaeological Research ◽

Archaeological Remains ◽

Side Scan Sonar ◽

Maritime Cultural Landscape ◽

Old Maps ◽

Low Visibility ◽

Survey Results

Aplikasi metode geofisika menggunakan side scan sonar dalam penelitian arkeologi bawah air belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini memaparkan penggunaan side scan sonar untuk pemetaan dasar sungai dan identifikasi tinggalan arkeologi di dasar sungai dalam penelitian “Sungai Brantas dalam Perspektif Lanskap Kultur Maritim”, serta interpretasi hasil survei side scan sonar tersebut dalam konteks kesejarahan. Selain itu, dalam tulisan ini akan dibahas potensi pengembangan penggunaan side scan sonar dalam penelitian arkeologi bawah air di Indonesia, terutama di perairan sungai. Akuisisi data dilakukan dengan menggunakan side scan sonar Starfish 450H dengan sistem posisi GNSS Trimble R8s. Sementara itu, interpretasi diperoleh dengan melakukan analisis terhadap data peta dan arsip Belanda untuk memahami konteks temporal dari objek yang dideteksi oleh alat side scan sonar. Survei berhasil menunjukkan sedimen di dasar sungai berupa lempung dan lanau, serta beberapa objek yang diduga sebagai bangkai kapal, yang diperkirakan berasal dari pasca abad ke-19 Masehi. Hasil survei side scan sonar menunjukkan tingkat akurasi cukup hingga tinggi dan dapat menjadi pendukung penelitian arkeologi bawah air yang efisien, terutama di perairan yang keruh. Side scan sonar survey as one of the geophysics methods is still scarcely applied in underwater archaeological research in Indonesia. This paper describes the application of side scan sonar survey in mapping riverbed and identifying underwater archaeological remains in the “Sungai Brantas in the Perspective of Maritime Cultural Landscape” project, as well as interpreting its historical context based on survey results. This paper also explores the development of utilizing side scan sonar in underwater archaeological research in Indonesia, particularly in rivers. Data was acquisitioned by using the side scan sonar Starfish 450H and GNSS Trimble R8s positioning system. The interpretation was drawn by analysing related Dutch old maps and archives to understand the historical context of the survey findings. The result shows clay and silt sediment covering most of the riverbed and a number of objects, possibly shipwrecks, estimated as from the nineteenth century. The survey result has a medium to high accuracy. Thus, this method is able to serve as an efficient instrument for underwater archaeological research, especially in the low-visibility waters.

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