KAVIÑAR AṞIVUMATI KAVITAIKAḶIL UVAKAI [HILARITY IN ARIVUMATHI’S POETRY]

It is knowledge and emotion that haunt human society. From the day the world appeared until the day the world ended, knowledge and emotion existed. According to Thiruvalluvar, knowledge that calms the emotion in his kural. Meyppatu are manifestations of mental consciousness. Tholkkappiyar has numbered the emotions that appear in the human mind in his epic Tholkkappiyam in Chapter Porulathigaaram. He has analyzed the emotions that appear within him in a way that others can know and understand very accurately (Meyppatu). They are eight types of emotions that apply to all human beings in the world. Meyppatu are the expression of human instincts. This dissertation aims to find out how the poetic enlightenment has been manipulated in the poetic epistemology of the numerical facts stated in the economics of Tholkappiam the fact of the matter is that consciousness is an emotional state that paves the way for human happiness. Any living being born into the world wants to be happy. Therefore, the researcher has used the poems of Arivumathi to prove this fact.

Climate Change and Water Security

Climate change is an actual fact setting off an imbalance in many living systems. Among these affected systems, water is a major essential element in the globe and in every existing living being. Therefore, several complications have been stated to occur, following water scarcity and water flood in many regions of the world, which make of them a global major threat of water security. The global disease burden is an additional factor that appeals to serious interventions worldwide in order to alleviate the water scarcity and water flood-related effects.

The Ideographic Image of Tai Chi Chuan Movement score as a training resource for the actor

The conception of the actor as a living being who keeps his body engaged in a fictional time to create a scenic truth, is related to the real, present and above all trained body. This body, generator of signals meant to be understood by the observer, involves an inner understanding of signs and images that originate beyond its boundaries. The objective of this reflexive article is to propose a “form”2 type of Tai Chi Chuan as a limited and instinctive process, using its ideographic imagery as a guide for the creation of a “movement score”3 , a resource for the actor to scrutinize the action that this imagery engenders and the relationship it establishes with his or her body language. The methodology is premised on an initial consideration that fans out into different possible analyses, until finally culminating in a “meta-reflection”4 , based on prior knowledge and experience in both theater and Tai Chi Chuan. The above includes theoretical and practical aspects that allow dealing with the analysis of Tai Chi Chuan ideograms as images for their representation, to create a movement score from them. The didactics discovers those elements which might potentially help capture Tai Chi Chuan through its calligraphy and vice versa, adapting and reinterpreting understood aspects to the actor’s physical training, which will be evaluated and implemented in the future in the stage environment.

Student Sustainability Disposition: Where Are Students’ Levels?

<p class="Abstrakabstract">Education for sustainability development (ESD) is a way to realize that every individual lives interdependently with each other and their environment. Research has been conducted with survey methods to reveal the level of students’ disposition/attitude to sustainable living, being a basis for the development of appropriate learning. The research sample was 95 students at SMPN Garut. The data in this study is primary data, which is obtained directly from the research subject. The research was conducted by delivering questionnaires to students consisting of 51 closed question items. The results of the study obtained the average of student disposition score from several ESD themes, namely the environment, waste, water, energy, natural disasters, and health respectively is 2.99, 3.15, 3.24, 3.11, 3.08 and 3.33. The average of these all themes is 3.15. Based on this study, the results were obtained that students' sustainability disposition/attitude are at a high level. The positive response given by students shows the attitude of students who support the efforts to realize sustainable development. In this case, there is no guarantee if someone who have good sustainability disposition will have good sustainability practice. Sustainable disposition/attitude must be supported by sustainable behaviors and practices so that sustainable living goals can be achieved. The last, Indonesia government can make the policy and guidelines related to how to do effective sustainability education in Indonesia to support sustainability awareness of students and society.</p>

The Times of Caring in a Nuclear World: Sculpture, Contamination and Stillness

Care takes time. Caring, whether with, for, or about a living being or entity that is more-than-human, disrupts expectations of how a linear, human time should progress. To practice care for the contaminated, the lands, waters, and animate life altered by human industry, is to extend that indeterminacy into distant, deeper time. Aesthetic representation of the affective and ethical dimensions of care, in this extreme, offers an experience that can transfer the arguments about nuclear contamination into more nuanced and sensed responses and contributes to current thinking about care in the arts worlds. I was commissioned to make a sculpture exhibition in 2020 as part of an anthropological study into the future of the Sellafield nuclear site in West Cumbria, UK. The exhibition, ‘x = 2140. In the coming 120 years, how can humans decide to dismantle, remember and repair the lands called Sellafield?’, consisted of three sculptural ‘fonts’ which engaged with ideas of knowledge production, nuclear technologies, and the affective dimensions of care about/for/with the contaminated lands and waters. This article presents my intentions for the sculptures in their context of a nuclear-dependent locale: to engage with the experience of nuclear futures without adversarial positioning; to explore the agential qualities of the more-than-human; and to create a stillness expressive of the relationality of the human and the contaminated through which one could fathom what care might feel like. These intentions are alongside theories of time, aesthetics, and care across disciplines: care and relational ethics, science and technology studies, and nuclear culture.

A novel theory of life and its implications on viruses and robots

A novel theory of life is proposed and its implications on the viruses and the future robots are discussed. The universal laws of physics are inferred phenomena that originate from the observed regularity in the physical realm. An apparent distinct feature of living beings compared to the nonliving ones is the presence of a higher level of regularity, which is indicative of a supplemental set of governing laws within the sphere of life. In this article a living or animate being is defined concisely as a natural entity whose internal changes and external behavior cannot be predicted by the universal laws and forces of physics alone at all times. Everything else is nonliving or inanimate. Likewise, life is defined as a supplemental set of laws and influences that act over a confined space which constitutes the domain of life, superimposed on the universal laws and forces of physics. Also, life is shown to be a field phenomenon like a quantum field, except that life pervades a bounded region rather than the entire spacetime. It is argued that life is an agency with causal power rather than an ordinary emergent property, and that a virus qualifies as a living being. The proposed field theory of life predicts that the future robots are unlikely to acquire life, and that the notion of highly intelligent future robots posing an existential threat to humanity is, in all likelihood, an illusion.

The Solar System: Nature and Mechanics

Origin, mechanics and properties of the Solar System are analyzed in the framework of Complete Relativity. The analysis confirms the postulates and hypotheses of the theory with a high degree of confidence. During the analysis, some new hypotheses have emerged. These are discussed and confirmed with various degrees of confidence. To increase confidence or refute some hypotheses, experimental verification is necessary. Main conclusions are: - Solar System is a scaled Carbon isotope with a nucleus in a condensed (bosonic) state and components in various vertically excited states, - Earth is a living being of extremely introverted intelligence, life is common everywhere, albeit extroverted complex forms are present on planetary surfaces only during planetary neurogenesis, - anthropogenic climate change is only a part (trigger from one perspective) of bigger global changes on Earth and in the Solar System during planetary neurogenesis, - major extinction events are relative extinctions, a regular part of transformation and transfer of life in the process of planetary neurogenesis.

The Depiction of Heaven and Hell in the Karmawibangga Reliefs of Borobudur Temple: An Overview of Character Education

Karmawibhangga comes from the words karma and wibhangga. If karma can literally be interpreted as actions that come from causes and cause effects, then wibhangga is a designation for one of the holy books in Buddhism (Buddhist scripture). Literally karma can be interpreted as actions that come from causes and cause effects. In Buddhism, karma is the basic doctrine formulated and taught by Siddhartha Gautama. According to this doctrine, every living being has karma, both generated by himself and inherited from his ancestors. It is this karma that has caused samsara and is a barrier to attaining heaven or nirvana. Births in heaven and in hell seem to be at the core and there is a belief that some kind of hell is known in written sources both inscriptions and ancient manuscripts in Java. The state of life in heaven is marked by the kalpawrksa tree flanked by kinaras.

The Indian Lessons to be Learnt from COVID-19 Pandemic

Emerging pandemics indicate that people are not infallible and that communities need to be prepared. Coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak was first identified in late 2019, and has now been declared a World Health Organization pandemic. Countries around the world are reacting to the virus outbreak differently. On the other hand, several other nations have put in place successful measures to control the virus, reporting a relatively limited number of cases since the pandemics started. Restrictive steps such as social distancing, lockdown, case identification, isolation, touch monitoring and exposure quarantine had shown the most effective acts to monitor the spread of the disease. This review will help readers understand that this invisible and ‘omnipresent’ virus has taught a lesson for the first time in human history that whatever human power might have, it could not subjugate every living being in this world. This has been confirmed once again by the recent invasion of this human virus. Difference in the answers of the different countries and their outcomes, based on that country's experience, India responded accordingly to the pandemic. Only time will tell how well India comes up against the outbreak. We also propose the potential approaches the global community will take in handling and minimizing the emergency.

Simplicity and Beauty in Basheer’s The Inheritors of Earth

Vaikom Muhammed Basheer is a notable writer of Malayalam literature. His works are always close to nature. People can easily identify his works because of their lucid language and their inclination to nature. In his work, ‘Bhoomiyude Avakashikal’ (The Inheritors of Earth), the author tries to talk about the need of considering the animals and birds around us because they are also a part of our earth. Basheer sheds light on the truth that the entire species in this world have the same rights that man holds. Each and every living being has the equal right to live and enjoy their surroundings as human beings. If we don’t protect our nature - the vegetation and biodiversity around us - we have no future.