Historical Vltava River Valley–Various Historical Sources within Web Mapping Environment

The article deals with a comprehensive information system of the historic Vltava River valley. This system contains a number of resources, which are described. For old maps, which are the basis of the whole system, their georeferencing and potential problems in creating seamless mosaics are described. Other sources of data include old photographs, which are localized and stored in the system, along with the definition point of the place from which they were probably taken. The vectorization of data is described, not only for area features used for the analysis of land-use changes, but also for the vectorization of contours. These were vectorized from old maps and are substantial for the creation of historic DEM. Vectorized footprints of buildings and vectors of other functional areas subsequently serve as a basis for the procedural modeling of the virtual 3D landscape. The creation of such a complex and broad information system cannot be described in one article. The aim of this text is to draw attention to a possible approach to the presentation and visualization of the historic landscape, along with links to important documents.

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM ANALYSIS PBB BLOCK MAP (CASE STUDY DESA GAJAHAN KABUPATEN KARANGAYAR

<p>Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become very interesting and provide hope and the development of information and communication technology. One of the efforts to support the management of PBB geospatial data is by developing a Spatial Data Infrastructure (IDS). To determine the quality of geospatial data used in PBB management and the condition and readiness of IDS for PBB. A GIS-based computer program was used it. This study aims to determine the quality of geospatial data used to manage PBB in Gajahan Village, Colomadu District, Karngayar Regency. We collected data using observation and documentation techniques and data analysis of the PBB Block Map using the Arcgis software. The results showed that the position was less accurate in terms of geospatial data quality and the geometric shape had similarities. Also, the digitized results of the PBB block map can be used to support policymaking in local governments. However, the results of interviews with village officials were that they could only read old maps and could not update new data.</p>

SURVEI SIDE SCAN SONAR DALAM PENELITIAN ARKEOLOGI BAWAH AIR DI PERAIRAN SUNGAI: STUDI KASUS PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BRANTAS [SIDE SCAN SONAR SURVEY IN RIVERINE UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH: CASE STUDY IN THE BRANTAS BASIN]

Aplikasi metode geofisika menggunakan side scan sonar dalam penelitian arkeologi bawah air belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini memaparkan penggunaan side scan sonar untuk pemetaan dasar sungai dan identifikasi tinggalan arkeologi di dasar sungai dalam penelitian “Sungai Brantas dalam Perspektif Lanskap Kultur Maritim”, serta interpretasi hasil survei side scan sonar tersebut dalam konteks kesejarahan. Selain itu, dalam tulisan ini akan dibahas potensi pengembangan penggunaan side scan sonar dalam penelitian arkeologi bawah air di Indonesia, terutama di perairan sungai. Akuisisi data dilakukan dengan menggunakan side scan sonar Starfish 450H dengan sistem posisi GNSS Trimble R8s. Sementara itu, interpretasi diperoleh dengan melakukan analisis terhadap data peta dan arsip Belanda untuk memahami konteks temporal dari objek yang dideteksi oleh alat side scan sonar. Survei berhasil menunjukkan sedimen di dasar sungai berupa lempung dan lanau, serta beberapa objek yang diduga sebagai bangkai kapal, yang diperkirakan berasal dari pasca abad ke-19 Masehi. Hasil survei side scan sonar menunjukkan tingkat akurasi cukup hingga tinggi dan dapat menjadi pendukung penelitian arkeologi bawah air yang efisien, terutama di perairan yang keruh. Side scan sonar survey as one of the geophysics methods is still scarcely applied in underwater archaeological research in Indonesia. This paper describes the application of side scan sonar survey in mapping riverbed and identifying underwater archaeological remains in the “Sungai Brantas in the Perspective of Maritime Cultural Landscape” project, as well as interpreting its historical context based on survey results. This paper also explores the development of utilizing side scan sonar in underwater archaeological research in Indonesia, particularly in rivers. Data was acquisitioned by using the side scan sonar Starfish 450H and GNSS Trimble R8s positioning system. The interpretation was drawn by analysing related Dutch old maps and archives to understand the historical context of the survey findings. The result shows clay and silt sediment covering most of the riverbed and a number of objects, possibly shipwrecks, estimated as from the nineteenth century. The survey result has a medium to high accuracy. Thus, this method is able to serve as an efficient instrument for underwater archaeological research, especially in the low-visibility waters.

Od surowych danych do wizualizacji. Baza danych do dziejów mieszkańców lubelskiego Podzamcza z lat 1633-1733

W artykule omówiono korzyści płynące z analizowania danych źródłowych przy wykorzystaniu edycji bazodanowych oraz możliwości istniejące w tego typu projektach badawczych. Artykuł przybliża kilka przykładowych historii rodzin i charakterystycznych miejsc Podzamcza oraz grupuje dane statystyczne według wybranych kryteriów, m.in. kierunku migracji i dynamiki napływu ludności oraz różnorodności rzemiosł i profesji pozyskanych z bazy danych. From Raw Data to Visualization. A Database for the History of Inhabitants of Lublin’s Podzamcze District of 1633–1733 The goal of the paper is to show the potential existing in the information on the Jewish population inhabiting the Podzamcze district contained in Lublin’s town registers of 1633–1733. The article seeks to study the problem of presenting Big Data in an accessible form. By using a database management system, the author carries out a statistical analysis of the obtained data, draws conclusions, and outlines the directions of future research. He introduces the historical and economic background, discusses family relationships and changes in the dynamics of the neighborhood and 118 Piotr Zimny population migration, as well as telling the histories of several families and showing their genealogical trees. He presents selected professions and shows the numerical strength and activity of individual occupational groups, and represents selected research results in the form of infographics and illustrations. The author also provides an outline of the sociotopographic map of the Jewish Town complemented with the information contained in the old maps of Lublin. The paper is a synthesis of the hitherto collected information, and an attempt to look more broadly at the capabilities contained in this type of projects, in which data processing and analysis is difficult but at the same time valuable and leading to gaining new knowledge.

A Haveli at the Agra Riverfront: Link to a Lost Heritage

Agra was the capital of the Mughal Empire at its zenith, and the splendour of the city during this period can only be imagined. There is an abundance of royal buildings which are protected by the Government of India. There were other significant buildings too, housing the high nobility, away from both the royal quarters as well as the ordinary peoples’ houses. These have largely vanished, being large enough to attract builders as well as developers. The article describes and establishes the significance of one such rare traditional townhouse or mansion called ‘haveli’ located on the river Yamuna, Agra, in relation to a larger historical and cultural landscape. It also discusses the possibilities of conservation and management for protecting and enhancing the significance of the premises and planning for its sustainable development in future. The current edifice appears to be a coalescence of British and Mughal architecture with some local features. The building stands where similar-sized havelis stood during the Mughal period, housing high nobility. The architects of these buildings efficiently used the features of the river. With most such havelis having disappeared from the riverfront, this large residence-like edifice provides an interesting glimpse of the lost heritage. Fragments of information obtained from old maps and paintings, site surveys and some few research works have been joined together to reconstruct the origin and transformation vis-a-vis the present condition.

Understanding Urban Growth in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region over the Past 100 Years Using Old Maps and Landsat Data

Studying urban expansion from a longer-term perspective is of great significance to obtain an in-depth understanding of the process of urbanization. Remote sensing data are mostly selected to investigate the long-term expansion of cities. In this study, we selected the world-class urban agglomeration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) as the study area, and then discussed how to make full use of multi-source, multi-category, and multi-temporal spatial data (old maps and remote sensing images) to study long-term urbanization. Through this study, we addressed three questions: (1) How much has the urban area in BTH expanded in the past 100 years? (2) How did the urban area expand in the past century? (3) What factors or important historical events have changed the development of cities with different functions? By comprehensively using urban spatial data, such as old maps and remote sensing images, geo-referencing them, and extracting built-up area information, a long-term series of urban built-up areas in the BTH region can be obtained. Results show the following: (1) There was clear evidence of dramatic urban expansion in this area, and the total built-up area had increased by 55.585 times, from 126.181 km2 to 7013.832 km2. (2) Continuous outward expansion has always been the main trend, while the compactness of the built-up land within the city is constantly decreasing and the complexity of the city boundary is increasing. (3) Cities in BTH were mostly formed through the construction of city walls during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the expansion process was mostly highly related to important political events, traffic development, and other factors. In summary, the BTH area, similarly to China and most regions of the world, has experienced rapid urbanization and the history of such ancient cities should be further preserved with the combined use of old maps.

Modelling pre-modern flow distances of inland waterways – a GIS study in southern Germany

<p class="VARAbstract">Rivers form major traffic arteries in pre-modern Central Europe and accurate regional to supra-regional network models of inland navigation are crucial for economic history. However, navigation distances have hitherto been based on modern flow distances, which could be a significant source of error due to modern changes in flow distance and channel pattern. Here, we use a systematic comparison of vectorized old maps, which enlighten the fluvial landscape before most of the large-scale river engineering took place, and modern opensource geodata to deduce change ratios of flow distance and channel patterns. The river courses have been vectorised, edited and divided into comparable grid units. Based on the thalweg, meandering and braided/anabranching river sections have been identified and various ratios have been calculated in order to detect changes in length and channel patterns. Our large-scale analytical approach and Geographic Information System (GIS) workflow are transferable to other rivers in order to deduce change ratios on a European scale. The 19^th century flow distance is suitable to model pre-modern navigation distances. As a case study, we have used our approach to reconstruct changes of flow pattern, flow distance and subsequent changes in navigation distance and transportation time for the rivers Altmühl, Danube, Main, Regnitz, Rednitz, Franconian and Swabian Rezat (Southern Germany). The change ratio is rather heterogeneous with length and travel time changes of the main channel up to 24% and an extensive transformation of channel morphology in many river sections. Based on published travel time data, we have modelled the effect of our change ratios. Shipping between the commercial hubs Ulm and Regensburg, to give an example, was up to 5 days longer based on pre-modern distances. This is highly significant and underlines the necessity for river-specific correction values to model supra-regional networks of pre-modern inland waterways and navigation with higher precision.</p><p>Highlights:</p><ul><li><p>Systematic comparison of old maps and modern geodata to deduce river-specific length correction values to improve supra-regional network models of pre-modern inland navigation.</p></li><li><p>Large-scale analytical approach and transferable GIS workflow for flow distance reconstruction with case studies in Southern Germany.</p></li><li><p>Length changes of navigated fairways result in pre-modern period travel times up to 24% higher in corrected models.</p></li></ul>

Art heritage and landscapes, a shared place for building a collective memory undergoing transformation

This paper documents a research project conducted in the cities of Mantua and Sabbioneta, in cooperation with local authorities, with the aim of engaging residents and tourists in the quest for an alternative and more participatory way of giving voice to these towns. The actions implemented led to the development of a kit for exploring the participating cities, based on personal stories, old maps and photos, and exploratory field trips with secondary school students. The narratives that were collected, as well as interviews with key informants, provided live material with new perspectives informing the participating students’ discovery of the towns and the recovery of a shared memory, now to be brought alive.