scholarly journals Effect of subsoil tillage depth on nutrient accumulation, root distribution, and grain yield in spring maize

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongguang Cai ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
Xiuzhi Zhang ◽  
Jieqing Ping ◽  
Xiaogong Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Tillage Depth

scholarly journals Organic Amendments Influence Soil Water Depletion, Root Distribution, and Water Productivity of Summer Maize in the Guanzhong Plain of Northwest China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Li Zhao ◽  
Lu-Sheng Li ◽  
Huan-Jie Cai ◽  
Xiao-Hu Shi ◽  
Chao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Summer Maize

Organic amendments improve general soil conditions and stabilize crop production, but their effects on the soil hydrothermal regime, root distribution, and their contributions to water productivity (WP) of maize have not been fully studied. A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts of organic amendments on soil temperature, water storage depletion (SWSD), root distribution, grain yield, and the WP of summer maize (Zea mays L.) in the Guanzhong Plain of Northwest China. The control treatment (CO) applied mineral fertilizer without amendments, and the three amended treatments applied mineral fertilizer with 20 Mg ha−1 of wheat straw (MWS), farmyard manure (MFM), and bioorganic fertilizer (MBF), respectively. Organic amendments decreased SWSD compared to CO, and the lowest value was obtained in MBF, followed by MWS and MFM. Meanwhile, the lowest mean topsoil (0–10 cm) temperature was registered in MWS. Compared to CO, organic amendments generally improved the root length density (RLD) and root weight density (RWD) of maize. MBF showed the highest RLD across the whole soil profile, while MWS yielded the greatest RWD to 20 cm soil depth. Consequently, organic amendments increased grain yield by 9.9–40.3% and WP by 8.6–47.1% compared to CO, and the best performance was attained in MWS and MBF. We suggest that MWS and MBF can benefit the maize agriculture in semi-arid regions for higher yield, and WP through regulating soil hydrothermal conditions and improving root growth.

scholarly journals Production and Nutrient Accumulation of Common Bean Cultivars under Competition with Weed

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. COELHO ◽  
L.P. DALVI ◽  
L.S.G. OLIVEIRA ◽  
F.L. OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: Improper management of weeds is one of the causes of low bean yield, as it is very susceptible to interference due to their slow initial growth. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dayflower on grain yield and nutrient accumulation of bean cultivars. The experiment was carried out in a screened house, in 5 L pots, in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. Factor 1 corresponded to the presence or absence of weeds, and factor 2 bean cultivars: BRS Pontal, BRS Agreste, BRS Ametista and BRS Estilo. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with five replications. The coexistence of bean and weed was maintained throughout the crop cycle. Chlorophyll content, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, nutrients contents (N - nitrogen, P - phosphorus, K - potassium, Ca - calcium, Mg - magnesium, Mn - manganese, Fe - iron and Zn - zinc) in grains were evaluated. Competition with weeds negatively influenced chlorophyll content, number of pods, yield and N content in grains. The interaction was significant to P, Mg and Fe contents in grains, demonstrating that competition with weeds may impair allocation of these nutrients, resulting in grains of inferior nutritional quality. The cultivar BRS Agreste was more efficient to accumulate P and Mg in grains in competition with dayflower.

scholarly journals Response of Tillage System, Nitrogen Level and Split Application of Nitrogen on Spring Maize in Chitwan, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Pandey ◽  
N.K. Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Equal Split ◽  
Weight Number

Field experiment was conducted at Phulbari-9, Chitwan, Nepal during 2012 (Feb-July) to investigate response of tillage system, nitrogen level and split application of nitrogen on spring maize. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with twelve treatments and three replications, considering two tillage system (conventional and zero tillage) as main factor, three nitrogen levels (60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1) as sub plots and spilt application of nitrogen (50 % each at basal and 45 DAS & 25% each at basal, 30, 45 and 60 DAS) as sub sub plot. Thousand grain weight, number kernel rows ear-1, number kernels ear-1, grain yield, stover yield and harvest index were significantly not influenced by tillage systems. Thousand grain weight, number of kernel rows ear-1, number kernels ear-1, grain yield, stover yield as well as harvest index showed remarkable increase with increasing N rate and number of N split application. Significantly, higher grain yield (8.91 t ha-1) was observed in 180 kg N ha-1 applied plot than the plots given 120 kg N ha-1 (8.15 t ha-1) and 60 kg N ha-1 (5.29 t ha-1). Four equal split application of nitrogen yielded significantly higher grain (7.68 t ha-1) than two equal split application of nitrogen (7.22 t ha-1). It is concluded that either conventional or zero tillage with application of 180 N kg ha-1 with four split application can increase yield and yield attributes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i3.11007Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(3): 298-301  

scholarly journals Tillage, Residue, Fertilizer and Weed Management on Phenology and Yield of Spring Maize in Terai, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
Saugat Dahal ◽  
Tika Bahadur Karki ◽  
Lal Prasad Amgain ◽  
Birendra Kumar Bhattachan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Seed Fill ◽  
Herbicide Use

With the aim of developing crop management technologies that reduce the yield gap of maize (Zea mays L.) in Nepal, a study was carried-out to determine whether the grain yield of maize could be manipulated through tillage, residue, and nutrient and weed management practices. The effect of tillage (conventional and no tillage), residue (residue retained and residue removed), fertilizer (recommended doses of fertilizer and farmers’ doses of fertilizer) and weed management practices (herbicide use and manual weeding) on phenology and grain yield of maize were investigated under maize-rice cropping system in Rampur, Nepal during 2013. The experimental results revealed that no tillage had significant effect on grain yield (6.64 Mg ha-1) and phenological parameters like days to silking, physiological maturity and seed fill duration. Similarly, residue retained treatment had significant effect on grain yield (7.02 Mg ha-1) and phenological parameters. Research dose of fertilizer had significant effect on phenological parameters and grain yield (8.42 Mg ha-1). However, weed management factor did not influence significantly on grain yield and phenological parameters. The grain yield increased in no tillage by 23.19% over conventional tillage, residue retained by 39.84% over residue removed, recommended doses of fertilizer by 132.60% over farmer dose of fertilizer. Thus, no tillage, residue retention, recommended doses of fertilizer and use of herbicide for weed management can be alternative technologies for sustainable higher grain yield. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i3.11001Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(3): 328-335  

scholarly journals Response of grain yield to plant density and nitrogen rate in spring maize hybrids released from 1970 to 2010 in Northeast China

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunrong Qian ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Xiujie Gong ◽  
Yubo Jiang ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Spring Maize
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