Comparison of comfortable and maximum walking speed in the 10-meter walk test during the cerebrospinal fluid tap test in iNPH patients: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
pp. 107049
Author(s):  
OT Tsuyoshi Matsuoka ◽  
Kenta Fujimoto ◽  
Makoto Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Tap Test ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

scholarly journals Agreement in Walking Speed Measured Using Four Different Outcome Measures: 6-Meter Walk Test, 10-Meter Walk Test, 2-Minute Walk Test, and 6-Minute Walk Test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Roush ◽  
John Heick ◽  
Tanner Hawk ◽  
Dillon Eurek ◽  
Austin Wallis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Walking Tests ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test ◽  
Minute Walk ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

Background: Walking speed is considered the sixth vital sign because it is a valid, reliable, and sensitive measure for assessing functional status in various populations. Purpose: The current study assessed agreement in walking speed using the 6-meter walk test, (6MWT) 10-meter walk test (10MWT), 2-minute walk test (2minWT), and 6-minute walk test (6minWT). We also determined differences in walking speed. Methods: Seventy-three healthy adults (44 females, 29 males; mean [SD] age=31.36 [10.33] years) participated. Lafayette Electronic timing devices measured walking speed for the 6MWT and 10MWT. Measuring wheels and stopwatches measured walking distance and speed for the 2minWT and 6minWT. Participants completed 1 trial, and all tests were administered simultaneously. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient (2, 4) for the different measures of walking speed was excellent at 0.90 (95% confidence intervals, 0.86-0.93). The correlation was 0.95 between 6MWT and 10MWT, 0.94 between 2minWT and 6minWT, 0.67 between 6MWT and 2minWT, 0.63 between 10MWT and 2minWT, and 0.59 between 10MWT and 6minWT (all p < 0.05). No differences in walking speed were found between the four walking tests. Conclusion: Administration of any of the four walking tests provided reliable measurement of walking speed.

The effect of whole body vibration on gait dynamics after chronic stroke in Pakistan; A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Syed Ijaz Ahmed Burq ◽  
Hossein Karimi ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad ◽  
Syed Amir Gilani ◽  
Asif Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Gait Dynamics ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

Objective: To determine the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) therapy on gait dynamics in chronic stroke patients in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: The present study was randomized, assessor-blinded, parallel-group, clinical trial conducted at Physiotherapy Department, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from November 2017 to April 2019. After taking written informed consent, 64 chronic stroke patients were randomly allocated (1:1) to routine physiotherapy (RP) group (n=32) and whole-body vibration (WBV) group (n=32) by computer random number generator method. Twelve sessions of vibration therapy were given to WBV group with an amplitude of 3 mm and frequency of 20Hz. Sessions comprises of 5 bouts of 120 seconds with 60 seconds rest intervals for 6 days/week x 2 weeks in erect standing position. The outcome measure was score of Timed Up and Go test (TUG test) and 10 Meter Walk test (10MWT) before and after intervention. Mann Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were used to analyze data. Results: After 2-week intervention, significant difference was seen in TUG, 10 Meter Walk test Slow Speed (10MWTSS), 10 Meter Walk test fast speed (10MWTFS) score for both treatment groups (p-value<0.05). However patients in WBV group had better improvement as compared to patients in the RP group. Conclusions: Initiation of walk and Walking Speed improved with Whole-body vibration therapy in chronic stroke survivors in Pakistan. Clinical Trial Number:  IRCT20190328043131N1 Key Words: Stroke, Whole body Vibration, Rehabilitation, Walk Initiation, Walking Speed, Continuous...

scholarly journals Using force data to self-pace an instrumented treadmill and measure self-selected walking speed

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungmoon Song ◽  
HoJung Choi ◽  
Steven H. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
The Self ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Treadmill Speed ◽  
Selection Test ◽  
Speed Selection ◽  
Walking Speeds ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

AbstractBackgroundSelf-selected speed is an important functional index of walking. A self-pacing controller that reliably matches walking speed without additional hardware can be useful for measuring self-selected speed in a treadmill-based laboratory.MethodsWe adapted a previously proposed self-pacing controller for force-instrumented treadmills and validated its use for measuring self-selected speeds. We first evaluated the controller’s estimation of subject speed and position from the force-plates by comparing it to those from motion capture data. We then compared five tests of self-selected speed. Ten healthy adults completed a standard 10-meter walk test, a 150-meter walk test, a commonly used manual treadmill speed selection test, a two-minute self-paced treadmill test, and a 150-meter self-paced treadmill test. In each case, subjects were instructed to walk at or select their comfortable speed. We also assessed the time taken for a trial and a survey on comfort and ease of choosing a speed in all the tests.ResultsThe self-pacing algorithm estimated subject speed and position accurately, with root mean square differences compared to motion capture of 0.023 m s−1 and 0.014 m, respectively. Self-selected speeds from both self-paced treadmill tests correlated well with those from the 10-meter walk test (R > 0.93, p < 1 × 10−13). Subjects walked slower on average in the self-paced treadmill tests (1.23 ± 0.27 m s−1) than in the 10-meter walk test (1.32 ± 0.18 m s−1) but the speed differences within subjects were consistent. These correlations and walking speeds are comparable to those from the manual treadmill speed selection test (R = 0.89, p = 3 × 10−11; 1.18 ± 0.24 m s−1). Comfort and ease of speed selection were similar in the self-paced tests and the manual speed selection test, but the self-paced tests required only about a third of the time to complete. Our results demonstrate that these self-paced treadmill tests can be a strong alternative to the commonly used manual treadmill speed selection test.ConclusionsThe self-paced force-instrumented treadmill well adapts to subject walking speed and reliably measures self-selected walking speeds. We provide the self-pacing software to facilitate use by gait researchers and clinicians.

scholarly journals Using force data to self-pace an instrumented treadmill and measure self-selected walking speed

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungmoon Song ◽  
Hojung Choi ◽  
Steven H. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
The Self ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Treadmill Speed ◽  
Selection Test ◽  
Speed Selection ◽  
Walking Speeds ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

Abstract Background Self-selected speed is an important functional index of walking. A self-pacing controller that reliably matches walking speed without additional hardware can be useful for measuring self-selected speed in a treadmill-based laboratory. Methods We adapted a previously proposed self-pacing controller for force-instrumented treadmills and validated its use for measuring self-selected speeds. We first evaluated the controller’s estimation of subject speed and position from the force-plates by comparing it to those from motion capture data. We then compared five tests of self-selected speed. Ten healthy adults completed a standard 10-meter walk test, a 150-meter walk test, a commonly used manual treadmill speed selection test, a two-minute self-paced treadmill test, and a 150-meter self-paced treadmill test. In each case, subjects were instructed to walk at or select their comfortable speed. We also assessed the time taken for a trial and a survey on comfort and ease of choosing a speed in all the tests. Results The self-pacing algorithm estimated subject speed and position accurately, with root mean square differences compared to motion capture of 0.023 m s −1 and 0.014 m, respectively. Self-selected speeds from both self-paced treadmill tests correlated well with those from the 10-meter walk test (R>0.93,p<1×10−13). Subjects walked slower on average in the self-paced treadmill tests (1.23±0.27 ms−1) than in the 10-meter walk test (1.32±0.18 ms−1) but the speed differences within subjects were consistent. These correlations and walking speeds are comparable to those from the manual treadmill speed selection test (R=0.89,p=3×10−11;1.18±0.24 ms−1). Comfort and ease of speed selection were similar in the self-paced tests and the manual speed selection test, but the self-paced tests required only about a third of the time to complete. Our results demonstrate that these self-paced treadmill tests can be a strong alternative to the commonly used manual treadmill speed selection test. Conclusions The self-paced force-instrumented treadmill well adapts to subject walking speed and reliably measures self-selected walking speeds. We provide the self-pacing software to facilitate use by gait researchers and clinicians.

scholarly journals Does falls efficacy influence the relationship between forward and backward walking speed after stroke?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanika Bansal ◽  
David J Clark ◽  
Emily J Fox ◽  
Dorian K Rose
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Backward Walking ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Additional Variance ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

Abstract Objective Forward walking speed (FWS) is known to be an important predictor of mobility, falls, and falls-related efficacy post-stroke. However, backward walking speed (BWS) is emerging as an assessment tool to reveal mobility deficits in people post-stroke that may not be apparent with FWS alone. Since backward walking is more challenging than forward walking, falls efficacy may play a role in the relationship between one’s preferred FWS and BWS. We tested the hypothesis that people with lower falls efficacy would have a stronger positive relationship between FWS and BWS than those with higher falls efficacy. Methods Forty-five individuals (12.9 ± 5.6 months post-stroke), participated in this observational study. We assessed FWS with the 10 meter walk test and BWS with the 3 meter backward walk test. The Modified Falls-Efficacy Scale (mFES) quantified falls efficacy. A moderated regression analysis examined the hypothesis. Results FWS was positively associated with BWS (R2 = 0.26, p &lt; .001). The addition of the interaction term FWS x mFES explained 7.6% additional variance in BWS (p = .03). As hypothesized, analysis of the interaction revealed that people with lower falls efficacy (mFES≤6.6) had a significantly positive relationship between their preferred FWS and BWS, whereas people with higher falls efficacy (mFES&gt;6.6) had no relationship between their walking speed in the two directions. Conclusions FWS is positively related to BWS post-stroke, but this relationship is influenced by one’s perceived falls efficacy. Our results suggest that BWS can be predicted from FWS in people with lower falls efficacy, but as falls efficacy increases, BWS becomes a separate and unassociated construct from FWS. Impact Statement This study provides unique evidence that the degree of falls efficacy significantly influences the relationship between FWS and BWS post-stroke. Physical therapists should examine both FWS and BWS in people with higher falls efficacy, but further investigation is warranted for those with lower falls efficacy.

scholarly journals Advances in Diagnosis of Progressive Pulmonary and Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Kassis ◽  
Michelle Durkin ◽  
Eric Holbrook ◽  
Robert Myers ◽  
Lawrence Wheat
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Main Method ◽  
System Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Antigen ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

Abstract Background Antibody detection is the main method for diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis, but it has limitations. The Coccidioides antigen enzyme immunoassay is recommended for testing cerebrospinal fluid in suspected meningitis. Reports on urine and serum antigen detection evaluated small numbers of patients who were mostly immunocompromised. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of combined antibody and antigen detection for diagnosis. Methods A retrospective study, including all patients in whom Coccidioides antigen detection in serum was performed between January 2013 and May 2017, was conducted at Valleywise Health Medical Center (formerly Maricopa Integrated Health System). Sensitivity and specificity of antigen and antibody were evaluated in 158 cases and 487 controls. Results The sensitivity of antibody detection by immunodiffusion (ID) was 84.2%. The sensitivity of antigen detection was 57.0% if both urine and serum were tested and 36.7% if urine alone was tested. The sensitivity of combining antigen and ID antibody detection was 93.0%. The sensitivity of urine and serum antigen detection was 55.4% in proven and 58.7% in probable cases, 79.1% in disseminated and 41.6% in pulmonary cases, and 74.7% in immunocompromised and 40.0% in immunocompetent patients. Specificity was 99.4% for antigen detection and 96.5% for ID antibody detection. Diagnostic accuracy was 95.4% for ID antibody and antigen detection, 93.6% for ID antibody alone, and 89.1% for pathology or culture. Conclusions These findings support combined antibody and antigen detection for diagnosis of progressive coccidioidomycosis. The diagnosis may have been missed if antigen detection was not performed.

scholarly journals A multicenter retrospective study of heterogeneous tissue aggregates obstructing ventricular catheters explanted from patients with hydrocephalus

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Hariharan ◽  
Jeffrey Sondheimer ◽  
Alexandra Petroj ◽  
Jacob Gluski ◽  
Andrew Jea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Giant Cell ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Ventricular Catheters ◽  
Heterogeneous Tissue ◽  
Histology And Immunohistochemistry ◽  
Macroscopic Analysis

Abstract Background Implantation of ventricular catheters (VCs) to drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a standard approach to treat hydrocephalus. VCs fail frequently due to tissue obstructing the lumen via the drainage holes. Mechanisms driving obstruction are poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the histological features of VC obstructions and identify links to clinical factors. Methods 343 VCs with relevant clinical data were collected from five centers. Each hole on the VCs was classified by degree of tissue obstruction after macroscopic analysis. A subgroup of 54 samples was analyzed using immunofluorescent labelling, histology and immunohistochemistry. Results 61.5% of the 343 VCs analyzed had tissue aggregates occluding at least one hole (n = 211) however the vast majority of the holes (70%) showed no tissue aggregates. Mean age at which patients with occluded VCs had their first surgeries (3.25 yrs) was lower than in patients with non-occluded VCs (5.29 yrs, p < 0.02). Mean length of time of implantation of occluded VCs, 33.22 months was greater than for non-occluded VCs, 23.8 months (p = 0.02). Patients with myelomeningocele had a greater probability of having an occluded VC (p = 0.0426). VCs with occlusions had greater numbers of macrophages and astrocytes in comparison to non-occluded VCs (p < 0.01). Microglia comprised only 2–6% of the VC-obstructing tissue aggregates. Histologic analysis showed choroid plexus occlusion in 24%, vascularized glial tissue occlusion in 24%, prevalent lymphocytic inflammation in 29%, and foreign body giant cell reactions in 5% and no ependyma. Conclusion Our data show that age of the first surgery and length of time a VC is implanted are factors that influence the degree of VC obstruction. The tissue aggregates obstructing VCs are composed predominantly of astrocytes and macrophages; microglia have a relatively small presence.

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