Light sleep and sleep time misperception – Relationship to alpha–delta sleep

2010 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 704-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Martinez ◽  
Tiago Cataldo Breitenbach ◽  
Maria do Carmo Sfreddo Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Time ◽  
Delta Sleep ◽  
Light Sleep

scholarly journals A Validation Study of a Commercial Wearable Device to Automatically Detect and Estimate Sleep

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Dean J. Miller ◽  
Gregory D. Roach ◽  
Michele Lastella ◽  
Aaron T. Scanlan ◽  
Clint R. Bellenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Manual Adjustment ◽  
Light Sleep

The aims of this study were to: (1) compare actigraphy (ACTICAL) and a commercially available sleep wearable (i.e., WHOOP) under two functionalities (i.e., sleep auto-detection (WHOOP-AUTO) and manual adjustment of sleep (WHOOP-MANUAL)) for two-stage categorisation of sleep (sleep or wake) against polysomnography, and; (2) compare WHOOP-AUTO and WHOOP-MANUAL for four-stage categorisation of sleep (wake, light sleep, slow wave sleep (SWS), or rapid eye movement sleep (REM)) against polysomnography. Six healthy adults (male: n = 3; female: n = 3; age: 23.0 ± 2.2 yr) participated in the nine-night protocol. Fifty-four sleeps assessed by ACTICAL, WHOOP-AUTO and WHOOP-MANUAL were compared to polysomnography using difference testing, Bland–Altman comparisons, and 30-s epoch-by-epoch comparisons. Compared to polysomnography, ACTICAL overestimated total sleep time (37.6 min) and underestimated wake (−37.6 min); WHOOP-AUTO underestimated SWS (−15.5 min); and WHOOP-MANUAL underestimated wake (−16.7 min). For ACTICAL, sensitivity for sleep, specificity for wake and overall agreement were 98%, 60% and 89%, respectively. For WHOOP-AUTO, sensitivity for sleep, wake, and agreement for two-stage and four-stage categorisation of sleep were 90%, 60%, 86% and 63%, respectively. For WHOOP-MANUAL, sensitivity for sleep, wake, and agreement for two-stage and four-stage categorisation of sleep were 97%, 45%, 90% and 62%, respectively. WHOOP-AUTO and WHOOP-MANUAL have a similar sensitivity and specificity to actigraphy for two-stage categorisation of sleep and can be used as a practical alternative to polysomnography for two-stage categorisation of sleep and four-stage categorisation of sleep.

scholarly journals Local administration of bicuculline into the ventrolateral and medial preoptic nuclei modifies sleep and maternal behavior in lactating rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Benedetto ◽  
Mayda Rivas ◽  
Florencia Peña ◽  
Diego Serantes ◽  
Annabel Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Nursing Time ◽  
Gaba A ◽  
Maternal Behaviors ◽  
Sleep Drive ◽  
Light Sleep

AbstractThe preoptic area (POA) is a brain structure classically involved in a wide variety of animal behavior including sleep and maternal care. In the current study, we evaluate the specific effect of disinhibition of two specific regions of the POA, the medial POA nucleus (mPOA) and the ventrolateral POA area (VLPO) on sleep and maternal behavior in lactating rats. For this purpose, mother rats on postpartum day 1 (PPD1) were implanted for polysomnographic recordings and with bilateral cannulae either in the mPOA or in the VLPO. The rats were tested for sleep and maternal behavior on PPD4-8 after the infusion of the GABA-A antagonist, bicuculline (0, 10 or 30 ng/0.2 µl/side). Infusion of bicuculline into the mPOA augmented retrieving and nest building behaviors and reduced both nursing and milk ejections but had almost no effect on sleep. When bicuculine was microinjected into the VLPO, the rats significantly increase the number of retrievings and mouthings and reduced the nursing time without changes in milk ejections, which was associated with an increase in wakefulness and a reduction in light sleep.Our results show that disinhibition of the mPOA, a key area in the control of maternal behavior, increased active maternal behaviors and reduced nursing without affecting wakefulness or sleep time. In contrast, the enhancement of some active maternal behaviors when the drug was infused into the VLPO, a sleep-promoting area, with a concomitant increase in wakefulness suggests that mother rats devote this additional waking time in the active maternal care of the pups. We hypothesize that maternal behavior changes after bicuculine microinjection into the VLPO is caused by a reduction in the sleep drive, rather than a direct effect on maternal behavior.

Sleep-Promoting Strategies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Fanelli ◽  
Lucia Mirabella ◽  
Stefano Italiano ◽  
Michele Dambrosio ◽  
V Marco Ranieri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ventilator Synchrony ◽  
Light Sleep

The architecture of sleep is profoundly altered in critically ill patients. Up to 60% of ICU survivors report poor sleep quality or sleep deprivation. Sleep in ICU patients is characterized by a longer onset and a poorer sleep efficiency, as demonstrated by the prevalence of light sleep (N1 and N2 stages), a reduction or absence of deep phase (N3 stage) and REM sleep, and increased sleep fragmentation. The amount of total sleep time (TST) in 24-hour period is generally preserved, but this reflects abnormal daytime sleep (up to the 40–50% of TST) with short periods of nocturnal sleep. Disruption of sleep architecture has deleterious consequences on the homeostasis of cardiovascular, respiratory, and nervous systems, exposing patients to an increased risk of myocardial infarction, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and cognitive dysfunction. Factors associated with sleep disruption in the ICU include noise, lighting, nursing care interventions, pain, discomfort, mechanical ventilation, medications, and delirium. Although clinical trials are lacking, potentially valuable approaches to ameliorate sleep quality in the ICU include reducing noise and pain, promoting patient ventilator synchrony, and managing delirium.

scholarly journals Alterations of Sleep Pattern in Psychiatric Disorder

1968 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Sleep Pattern ◽  
Psychiatric Ward ◽  
Acute Psychiatric Ward ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Suicidal Patients ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Light Sleep

Summary and Conclusions A survey of the sleep pattern change of 87 women patients admitted to an acute psychiatric ward of the Ontario Hospital, Toronto was reported. An alteration of sleep pattern is common to all psychiatric diagnostic categories and the specific symptoms of Evening Insomnia, Morning Insomnia, Frequent Wakening, Light Sleep, Sleep during the Day and Shortening of the total Sleep time is common to all of them. Evening insomnia, light sleep and shortness of sleep are related to the estimated severity of depression while evening insomnia alone was related to the estimated anxiety level. A total increase in sleep symptoms is related significantly to both the estimated depth of depression and the estimated height of anxiety. Shortening of the sleep time and evening insomnia are significantly increased in suicidal patients although changes in the quantity of dreams and increases of nightmares was not. The total sleep symptom score failed to achieve a level of significance. A change in the quantity of dreaming was related to the diagnosis of depression, especially psychotic depression, but not to depression depth, anxiety level, suicidal tendencies or age. Nightmares increased with a diagnosis of psychotic or neurotic depression, with the estimated level of depression but not with the estimated anxiety level or suicidal tendency. Nightmares significantly decrease with age. The factors of anxiety and depressive affect, suicidal tendencies and other like parameters may promise a more significant relationship to sleep disorder than the diagnostic category. The recall of dreams appears to be of more importance for the diagnostic categorization of depressive states than other sleep symptoms.

The interrelation of neurophysiological, psychological, and biochemical indicators in patients with occupational chronic mercury intoxication suffering from insomnia

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 904-910
Author(s):  
Elena V. Katamanova ◽  
Elena N. Korchuganova ◽  
Natalia V. Slivnitsyna ◽  
Irina V. Kudaeva ◽  
Oleg L. Lakhman
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Equivalent Dipole ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Psychological Examination ◽  
Reticular System ◽  
Chronic Mercury Intoxication

Introduction. Despite the apparent connection of the existing neurological disorders and changes in the psycho-emotional sphere with sleep disorders in patients with chronic mercury intoxication (CRI), these relationships remain the least studied in the clinic neurointoxications. The study aimed to establish a connection between neurophysiological, biochemical, and psychopathological indicators in patients with occupational chronic mercury intoxication and insomnia. Materials and methods. Thirty-six patients took part in the examination in the remote period of CRI. The average age of patients in this group was 50.7±1.05 years, with an average work experience of 14.7±1.05. The authors carried out a psychological examination to determine the levels of depression, anxiety, asthenic state, computed electroencephalography (EEG), cognitive evoked potentials (CEP), polysomnography, the level of neurotransmitters. Results. The study showed that asthenization, when exposed to mercury, occurs due to a decrease in the limbic-hypothalamo-reticular complex activity (the presence of equivalent dipole sources of pathological activity in the area of diencephalic formations (thalamus, hypothalamus) in 56.2±5.6% of cases. The study showed a decrease in activity cerebral cortex, confirmed by weakening the coherent connections of the α-range in the occipital, central and frontal leads according to the data of coherent EEG analysis and changes on the part of the CEP. There was a direct correlation between the level of total sleep time and the serotonin level (rs=0.45), an inverse relationship between the level of depression and histamine level (rs=-0.56). Conclusion. The studies carried out to make it possible to establish the mechanisms of insomnia disorders in chronic mercury intoxication, which cause a weakening of the tone of the cerebral cortex and changes in neurotransmitter metabolism, as well as disorders of the reticular system with limbic structures. The study showed a close direct relationship between neurophysiological, psychological, and biochemical parameters in implementing insomnia in patients with chronic mercury intoxication.

Occupational disorders of diurnal biorhythms of locomotive crew workers

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Alpaev ◽  
V. V. Serikov ◽  
D. V. Sitovich ◽  
O. E. Chernov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Occupational Adaptation ◽  
Daily Monitoring ◽  
Occupational Activities ◽  
Engine Driver ◽  
Night Shifts ◽  
Light Sleep

Introduction. Work of locomotive crew members (engine drivers and engine driver assistants) in railway transport is associated with exposure to complex of occupational hazards including psychoemotional stress and shiftwork (with night shifts) along with noise and vibration.Objective. To study influence of shift work (with irregular alternation of day and night shifts) on biorhythms disturbances in locomotive crew workers.Materials and methods. Polls, simulators of occupational activities with training complex «Cabin of engine driver EP1M», daily monitoring of blood pressure, statistic data processing by SPSS–20 software.Results. Findings are that 953 locomotive crew workers (94%) experienced sensations of temporary disorientation, slight dizziness, sleepiness, interpreted as monotony and sensor deprivation. 61% of the examinees demonstrated frustration signs, in 30% of the cases there were certain manifestations of mental ill-being — irritability, fatigue, weariness, absent-mindedness, anxiety; 27.2% of the testees experiences various sleep disorders; 13.8% of the workers complained of «light sleep», 2% of those — restless sleep, 0.6% — sleeplessness. In occupationally related biorhythms disturbance, the body undergoes occupational adaptation, with partial transformation for atypical schedule of sleep and wakefulness.Results. To preserve health, efforts should be aimed at adaptation to shifted occupational activities with safe adaptogenic medications, low-caloric diet for individuals working at irregular shifts, create conditions for adequate physical activity of the workers between shifts. Necessities also are individual norms for blood pressure parameters in engine drivers with night shiftwork, specification of antihypertensive treatment for patients with irregular shifted work.

STUDY OF THE COMBINED INFLUENCE OF SODIUM THIOPENTAL AND DELTA SLEEP-INDUCING PEPTIDE ON ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM IN RATS

2016 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
A. V. Shvetsov ◽  
E. G. Batotsyrenova ◽  
N. A. Dyuzhikova ◽  
V. A. Kashuro ◽  
N. V. Lapina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sodium Thiopental ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzymes ◽  
Delta Sleep ◽  
Thiopental Coma ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Delta Sleep Inducing Peptide

A biochemical investigation was performed into activity of rat antioxidant defense enzymes at different time interval after administration of sodium thiopental and delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP). It was shown that thiopental coma was accompanied by a decreased level of superoxide dismutase ( 6 and 24 h after exposure) and increased level of caspase-3 ( 6 h after exposure) in the rat blood plasma. A pharmacological correction with DSIP induced a decrease of the level of superoxide dismutase ( 6 and 24 h after exposure), glutathione peroxidase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (after 6h).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document