Effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on lean body mass during 10 days of bed rest in older adults

To determine the cause of the body weight loss during bed rest (BR), fluid balance and anthropometric measurements were taken from seven men (19–21 yr) during three 2-wk BR periods which were separated by 3-wk ambulatory recovery periods. Caloric intake was 3,073 +/- 155 (SD) kcal/day. During two of the three BR periods they performed supine isotonic exercise at 68% of VO2max on the ergometer for 1 h/day; or supine isometric exercise at 21% of maximal leg extension force for 1 min followed by a 1-min rest for 1 h/day. No prescribed exercise was given during the other BR period. During BR, body weight decreased slightly with no exercise (-0.43 kg, NS), but decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) by -0.91 kg with isometric and by -1.77 kg with isotonic exercise. About one-third of the weight reduction with isotonic exercise was due to fat loss (-0.69 kg) and, the remainder, to loss of lean body mass (-0.98 kg). It is concluded that the reduction in body weight during bed rest has two major components: First, a loss of lean body mass caused by assumption of the horizontal body position that is independent of the metabolic rate. Second, a loss of body fat content that is proportional to the metabolic rate.

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Protein supplementation improves lean body mass in physically active older adults: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle ◽

10.1002/jcsm.12394 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 298-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Dominique S.M. Haaf ◽

Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels ◽

Coen C.W.G. Bongers ◽

Astrid M.H. Horstman ◽

Silvie Timmers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Physically Active

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Association between lean body mass and muscle thickness with frailty in community dwelling dutch older adults

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN ◽

10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.233 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 483

Author(s):

M.J. Sealy ◽

E. Jonkers ◽

H. Hobbelen ◽

H. Jager-Wittenaar

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Muscle Thickness ◽

Community Dwelling

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LB014-SUN SERUM BIOMARKERS THAT PREDICT LEAN BODY MASS (LBM) LOSS OVER BEDREST (BR) IN OLDER ADULTS

Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1016/s0261-5614(13)60592-0 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. S228 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S.H. Gawel ◽

M. Luo ◽

G.J. Davis ◽

N.E. Deutz ◽

R.R. Wolfe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Serum Biomarkers

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Indicadores antropométricos como instrumento de triagem para quedas em idosos

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n5p530 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 530

Author(s):

Drielly Soares Freitas ◽

Juleimar Soares Coelho de Amorim ◽

Renata Maciulis Dip ◽

Marcos Aparecido Sarria Cabrera ◽

Mara Solange Gomes Dellaroza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

The Elderly ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Body Composition Assessment ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Anthropometric Indicators

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n5p530 Anthropometric indicators enable professionals for predicting risk of falls in the elderly; however, there is a gap in literature on reference values. This study analyzes anthropometric indicators such as screening tests for falls in the elderly. Cross-sectional population-based systematic sampling was conducted through a household survey and body composition assessment. Anthropometric measurements were performed using portable electronic scale and stadiometer. Bioimpedance device was used to measure body mass index, body fat and lean body mass. Falls were evaluated in the 12 months preceding the interview as a dependent variable. Discriminatory analysis was performed for falls through the ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. Overall, 275 older adults participated in this study, whose prevalence of falls was 23.6%. The average body mass index was 27.8kg/cm2 and 52.1% of individuals were overweight. Among older men, height (ROC=0.68; 95%CI 0.54-0.78) and lean body mass (ROC=0.63, 95%CI 0.58- 0.76) were associated to the occurrence of falls. When considering cutoff of 52.2kg and 166cm, sensitivity was obtained in 75% and high negative predictive values (88.1% and 89.1% respectively). For women, lean body mass (ROC=0.61, 95%CI 0.30-0.49) and body mass (ROC=0.60, 95%CI 0.53-0.72) were relevant from the optimal cutoff point of 28.9% and 57.2kg/m2. Lean body mass was more sensitive (63.2%) and body mass little more specific (64.3%), both with high negative predictive values (82.0% and 83.0%). The indicators used were able to discriminate older adults who have suffered from falls.

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Dietary Protein Is Associated with Lean Body Mass in Older Adults 50+ Years of Age: The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004

Journal of the American Dietetic Association ◽

10.1016/j.jada.2011.06.363 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 111 (9) ◽

pp. A98

Author(s):

M. Zanovec ◽

C.E. O'Neil ◽

V.L. Fulgoni ◽

T.A. Nicklas

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

National Health ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Nutrition Examination Survey ◽

Health And Nutrition

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Comprehensive nutritional assessment of frail older adults and a tailored protein-enhanced diet as a way to improve the nutritional status

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-02-2021-0047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Alina Jaroch ◽

Mariusz Kozakiewicz ◽

Alicja Kowalkowska ◽

Emilia Główczewska-Siedlecka ◽

Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Body Mass ◽

Nutritional Intervention ◽

Content Type ◽

Protein Consumption ◽

Frail Older Adults

Purpose Frailty is a geriatric syndrome which can be reversible or less severe through appropriate nutritional interventions. In the present study, to test the efficiency of individualized nutritional intervention was conducted a comprehensive assessment of the nutritional status of frail older adults and evaluation of the effect of nutritional intervention on the nutritional status of pre-frail older patients. Design/methodology/approach Frail older adults (n = 43; mean age 84.6 ± 6.4 years old; 81.4% women) had nutritional status assessed using nutritional anthropometry, body composition, and food frequency questionnaire. Pre-frail patients (n = 16; mean age 68.4 ± 5.5 years old; 81.3% women) for eight weeks were consuming 1.0 g protein/kg BW/day. Robust older adults formed a control group (n = 29; mean age 69.3 ± 5.3 years old; 82.8% women). Findings Frail older adults had weight and muscle mass loss, and their diet variety was sufficient. After the intervention, pre-frail patients increased their protein consumption by 25.8% (P = 0.002). An increase in lean body mass (+1.0 kg), skeletal muscle mass (+0.3 kg) and improvement in physical performance was also observed. Originality/value An individual diet for pre-frail older adults can reverse weight loss and increase lean body mass, furthermore preventing or delaying the development of frailty syndrome. Moreover, increased protein consumption improves physical performance of pre-frail older adults.

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