Usefulness of the waist-to-height ratio for predicting cardiometabolic risk in children and its suggested boundary values

Background: Now a days unhealthy lifestyle primarily responsible for the dramatic increase obesity among children and adolescents. Objective: The purpose of the study is to see the effects of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention to reduce obese children and adolescents. The main outcome was cardiometabolic risk based on the waist-to-height ratio (WHTR) measurement. Secondary outcomes were (1) changes in body composition; (2) adherence to a Mediterranean diet; and (3) physical performance. Methods: The study involved 64 overweight/obese children or adolescents conducted at Dhaka Shishu Hospital from October 2017 to September 2018. The intervention was multidisciplinary including nutrition, exercise, and psychological aspects based on a family-based approach; it was delivered for six months for children and three months for adolescents. Before and after the intervention, several anthropometric measures height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body composition, cardiometabolic risk index waist-to-height ratio (WHTR), and dietary habits of the participants and their families were evaluated. In addition, a set of functional motor fitness tests was performed to evaluate physical performance measures. Results: After the intervention both children and adolescents showed a significant reduction in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and WHTR index and an improvement of fat-free mass, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical fitness performance. Conclusion: A short term family-based multidisciplinary approach is effective in ameliorating the health status, dietary habits, and physical performance in children and adolescents. DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 111-118

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Waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference and BMI as indicators of percentage fat mass and cardiometabolic risk factors in children aged 3–7 years

Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.clnu.2013.05.010 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 311-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Anna Sijtsma ◽

Gianni Bocca ◽

Carianne L'Abée ◽

Eryn T. Liem ◽

Pieter J.J. Sauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Waist To Height Ratio

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Improved utilization of waist‐to‐height ratio in cardiometabolic risk counselling in children: Application of DMAIC strategy

Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice ◽

10.1111/jep.13055 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 300-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nidhi Gupta ◽

Aida Lteif ◽

Ana Creo ◽

Anoop Mohamed Iqbal ◽

Siobhan Pittock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Waist To Height Ratio

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Evaluation of anthropometric measures for assessment of cardiometabolic risk in early childhood

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019004749 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (12) ◽

pp. 2100-2108

Author(s):

Nicole Coles ◽

Ravi Retnakaran ◽

Anthony Hanley ◽

Catherine Birken ◽

Jill Hamilton

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Young Children ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

University Hospital ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Skin Fold Thickness ◽

Waist To Height Ratio ◽

Cardiometabolic Markers

AbstractObjective:Waist-to-height ratio has been shown to be an important indicator of cardiometabolic risk. There are few studies evaluating this measure against existing measures of adiposity and cardiometabolic markers in early childhood. The objectives were: (i) to determine in young children the ability of waist-to-height ratio, BMI z-score, weight for length, and sum of skin fold thickness to predict cardiometabolic risk and (ii) to examine this association at ages 1, 3 and 5 years.Design:Prospective cohort study.Setting:A university hospital in Toronto, Ontario.Participants:Infants at 1 (n 406), 3 (n 112) and 5 years of age (n 94) born to mothers with and without gestational diabetes mellitus.Results:Weight for length and BMI z-score demonstrated the strongest correlations with biochemical measures compared to waist-to-height ratio, including leptin (at 5 years, weight for length z-score: ρ = 0·65, P < 0·001; BMI z-score: ρ = 0·67, P < 0·001) and measures of insulin resistance (at 3 years, weight for length z-score: ρ = 0·25, P = 0·02; BMI z-score: ρ = 0·24, P = 0·02). The magnitude of associations between anthropometric measures and biochemical measures strengthened over time. Weight for length and BMI z-scores were moderately correlated with overall measures of fat mass as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (ρ = 0·65, P = 0·00; ρ = 0·61, P = 0·01).Conclusions:Waist-to-height ratio was not superior to existing measures in predicting cardiometabolic risk in young children. BMI z-score is a preferred measure of adiposity between birth and 5 years of age.

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Nearly one third of adults in the ‘healthy’ BMI range are at early cardiometabolic risk according to their waist-to-height ratio

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665119000338 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 78 (OCE1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Ashwell ◽

S. Gibson

Keyword(s):

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Waist To Height Ratio

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Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) in Predicting Coronary Artery Disease Compared to Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in a Single Center from Saudi Arabia

Cardiology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2020/4250793 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Mostafa Q. Alshamiri ◽

Faisal Mohd A Habbab ◽

Saad Saeed AL-Qahtani ◽

Khalil Abdullah Alghalayini ◽

Omar Mohammed Al-Qattan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Height Ratio ◽

History Of ◽

Male Patients ◽

Waist To Height Ratio ◽

Artery Disease

This study aims to study the efficiency of the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) for determining coronary artery disease. It compares the frequency of abnormal WHtR, as a proxy for abdominal obesity, to that of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). It also relates the findings to other cardiometabolic risk factors in University Hospital patients. A cross-sectional study design was used, where a sample of 200 patients (142 males and 58 females) who attended the adult cardiac clinic were purposively included. BMI, WC, and WHtR were measured, where frequencies of WHtR were compared to those of BMI and WC. The findings were related to the history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and history of cardiometabolic risk factors, including diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and hyperlipidemia. Majority of the male patients were older, taller, and had a lower BMI value. It also showed that the prevalence of dyslipidemia and CAD was higher in male patients. No significant difference between both genders was noticed for weight, WC, WHtR, hypertension, or DM. BMI was least associated with high-risk cardiac population in both males and females (39.4% and 60.3%), followed by WC (84.5% and 96.6%, respectively). WHtR showed the highest association with gender (male 98.6% and females 98.3%). These findings were noticed in patients with all risk factors. WHtR is superior to BMI and WC for determining the elevated risk of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and CAD in a single university institute. The role of WHtR in both normal and diseased Saudi population should be delineated.

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