Longitudinal evidence for an emotion-action lag on desire: The role of emotional understanding

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 101096
Author(s):  
Laura Quintanilla ◽  
Marta Giménez-Dasí ◽  
Renata Sarmento-Henrique ◽  
Beatriz Lucas-Molina
Author(s):  
Estefanía Estévez ◽  
Teresa I. Jiménez

Abstract.VIOLENCE IN ADOLESCENTS AND EMOTIONAL REGULATIONAggression towards peers is a problem with an important presence in the secondary classrooms in most of the countries of the world, and that interferes notably in the process of teaching / learning and in the development of those involved, with consequences always negative for their wellbeing, psychological health and social relations. In the last decades, there has been a significant increase in the importance given to the management of emotion, in what has come to be called the affection revolution, a line of research that comes to emphasize that the presence of behavioral and psychopathological alterations is not so much related to excessive negative or positive emotion, but rather to the poor ability to regulate that emotion in a way that is healthy and facilitates adjustment to demands. In relation to aggression and victimization in children and adolescents, there are hardly any studies that analyze the role of emotional regulation in explaining these problems. In the present research we analyze the emotional regulation in adolescents involved in acts of school violence, both as aggressors and victims, taking as a model the theoretical approach that has the greatest theoretical and empirical solidity in relation to the regulation of emotions and, in particular, to the emotional intelligence, proposed by Mayer and Salovey in 1997. According to this model, emotional intelligence is the set of four abilities that we examine in the present work: 1) emotional perception: ability to perceive own and others’ emotions; 2) emotional assimilation: ability to generate, use and feel emotions to communicate feelings; 3) emotional understanding: ability to understand information of an emotional nature; and 4) emotional regulation: ability to be open to feelings, monitor and alter them in order to facilitate personal growth.Key words: adolescence, violence, victimization, school, emotional regulationResumen.La violencia entre iguales es un problema con una presencia importante en las aulas de secundaria en la mayor parte de los países del mundo, y que interfiere notablemente en el proceso deenseñanza/aprendizaje y en el desarrollo evolutivo de los implicados, con consecuencias siempre negativas para su bienestar, salud psicológica y relaciones sociales. En las últimas décadas, se ha producido un incremento importante en la importancia dada al manejo de la emoción, en lo que se ha venido a denominar la revolución del afecto, una línea de investigación que viene a destacar que la presencia de alteraciones conductuales y psicopatológicas no está tan relacionada con una excesiva emoción negativa o positiva, sino con la escasa habilidad para regular dicha emoción de manera que resulte saludable y facilite el ajuste a las demandas. En relación con la agresión y la victimización en niños y adolescentes, no existen apenas estudios que analicen el rol de la regulación emocional en la explicación de estos problemas. En la presente investigación analizamos la regulación emocional en adolescentes implicados en actos de violencia escolar, tanto como agresores como víctimas, tomando como modelo el enfoque teórico que mayor solidez teórica y empírica presenta en relación a la regulación de las emociones y, en particular, a la inteligencia emocional, propuesto por Mayer y Salovey en 1997. Según este modelo, la inteligencia emocional es el conjunto de cuatro habilidades que examinamos en el presente trabajo: 1) percepción emocional: habilidad de percibir emociones propias y de otros; 2) asimilación emocional: habilidad de generar, usar y sentir las emociones para comunicar sentimientos; 3) comprensión emocional: habilidad de entender información de tipo emocional; y 4) regulación emocional: habilidad de estar abierto a los sentimientos, vigilarlos y alterarlos con el objetivo de facilitar el crecimiento personal.Palabras clave: adolescencia, violencia, victimización, escuela, regulación emocional


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hodgson ◽  
Joanne Butt ◽  
Ian Maynard

The influential role of the coach in athlete performance and development has long been acknowledged, and coaches are now considered ‘performers’, just like their athletes. The purpose of the present study was to explore the psychological attributes elite coaches perceived to underpin their ability to coach most effectively and factors perceived to influence attribute development. Qualitative research methods were implemented where 12 elite coaches (eight male, four female) participated in semi-structured interviews. Inductive thematic analysis generated nine higher order themes related to psychological attributes: (a) attitude, (b) confidence, (c) resilience, (d) focus, (e) drive for personal development, (f) being athlete-centred, (g) emotional awareness, (h) emotional understanding, and (i) emotional management. In addition, three higher order themes were generated related to factors perceived to influence attribute development: (a) education, (b) experience, and (c) conscious self-improvement. Findings indicated that several attributes perceived to be essential to coaching effectiveness related to the emotional nature of coaching, where coaches’ abilities to identify, understand, and manage emotions in both themselves and others had many positive effects.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy M. J. McGarry

When we see or hear another person execute an action, we tend to automatically simulate that action. Evidence for this has been found at the neural level, specifically in parietal and premotor brain regions referred to collectively as the mirror neuron system (MNS), and the behavioural level, through an observer's tendency to mimic observed movements. This simulation process may play a key role in emotional understanding. It is currently unclear the extent to which the MNS is driven by bottom-up automatic recruitment of movement simulation, or by top-down (task driven) mechanisms. The present dissertation examines the role of the MNS in the bottom-up and top-down processing of action in the auditory and visual modalities, in response to emotional and neutral movements performed by humans. Study 1 used EEG to demonstrate that the MNS is affected by bottom-up manipulations of modality, and shows that the MNS is activated to a greater extent towards multi-modal versus unimodal sensory input. Study 2 employed an EEG paradigm utilizing a top-down emotion judgment manipulation. It was found that the left STG, part of the extended MNS, is affected by top-down manipulations of emotionality, but there were no areas in classical MNS that met the statistical threshold to be affected by top-down forces. Study 3 employed an fMRi paradigm combining bottom-up and top-down manipulations. It was found that the classical MNS was strongly affected by bottom-up differences in emotionality and modality, and minimally affected by the top-down manipulation. Together, the three studies presented in this dissertation support the premise that the classical mirror neuron system is primarily automatic. More research is needed to determine whether top-down manipulations can uniquely engage the MNS.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy M. J. McGarry

When we see or hear another person execute an action, we tend to automatically simulate that action. Evidence for this has been found at the neural level, specifically in parietal and premotor brain regions referred to collectively as the mirror neuron system (MNS), and the behavioural level, through an observer's tendency to mimic observed movements. This simulation process may play a key role in emotional understanding. It is currently unclear the extent to which the MNS is driven by bottom-up automatic recruitment of movement simulation, or by top-down (task driven) mechanisms. The present dissertation examines the role of the MNS in the bottom-up and top-down processing of action in the auditory and visual modalities, in response to emotional and neutral movements performed by humans. Study 1 used EEG to demonstrate that the MNS is affected by bottom-up manipulations of modality, and shows that the MNS is activated to a greater extent towards multi-modal versus unimodal sensory input. Study 2 employed an EEG paradigm utilizing a top-down emotion judgment manipulation. It was found that the left STG, part of the extended MNS, is affected by top-down manipulations of emotionality, but there were no areas in classical MNS that met the statistical threshold to be affected by top-down forces. Study 3 employed an fMRi paradigm combining bottom-up and top-down manipulations. It was found that the classical MNS was strongly affected by bottom-up differences in emotionality and modality, and minimally affected by the top-down manipulation. Together, the three studies presented in this dissertation support the premise that the classical mirror neuron system is primarily automatic. More research is needed to determine whether top-down manipulations can uniquely engage the MNS.


2021 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 105045
Author(s):  
Marie-Julie Demedardi ◽  
Claire Brechet ◽  
Edouard Gentaz ◽  
Catherine Monnier

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Robert Elliott Allinson ◽  

The purpose of this article is to synthesize four major elements of aesthetic experience that have previously appeared isolated whenever an attempt at conceptualization is made. These four elements are: Immanuel Kant’s disinterested pleasure, Robin G. Collingwood’s emotional expressionism, the present writer’s redemptive emotional experience, and, lastly, Plato’s concept of Beauty. By taking these four abstracted elements as the bedrock for genuine aesthetic experience, this article aims to clarify the proper role of art as distinct from philosophy and intellectualization. Rather than a medium conducive to intellectual understanding, it is argued that the sphere these four elements of aesthetic experience demarcate is one in which art leads to an emotional understanding that transforms the human condition and it imbues it with new meaning only to be found in a moment of aesthetic experience.


2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Orser

AbstractThe role of Europe and Europeans in the archaeology of post-1500 history has recently been critiqued. Some research has been pejoratively labeled Eurocentrism. This paper addresses the problems with adopting an emotional understanding of Eurocentrism and argues instead for its archaeological examination within the framework of an explicit multiscalar modern-world (historical) archaeology. An example comes from seventeenth-century Dutch settlements located in and around present-day Albany, New York.


JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.


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