Spinach mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles: Characterization, In vitro biological activities study and in vivo acute toxicity evaluation

Currently, the mortality rate in Saudi Arabia’s ICUs is increasing due to the spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing bacteria. This study was carried out to evaluate the ability of biologically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using Aspergillus niger to overcome carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (KPC) in vitro and in vivo. ZnO-NPs were synthesized via a biological method and characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, Zetasizer and zeta potential analyses, x-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). In vitro sensitivity of KPC to ZnO-NPs was identified using the well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by a macro-dilution method. The morphological alteration of KPC cells after ZnO-NPs treatment was observed by SEM. The in vivo susceptibility of KPC cells to ZnO-NPs ointment was evaluated using wound healing in experimental rats. The chemical characterization findings showed the formation, stability, shape, and size of the synthesized nanoparticles. The MIC and MBC were 0.7 and 1.8 mg/ml, respectively. The in vivo results displayed reduced inflammation and wound re-epithelialization of KPC-infected rats. These findings demonstrated that ZnO-NPs have great potential to be developed as antibacterial agents.

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Alteration of gene expression by zinc oxide nanoparticles or zinc sulfate in vivo and comparison with in vitro data: A harmonious case

Theriogenology ◽

10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 850-861.e1 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Wei-Dong Zhang ◽

Yong Zhao ◽

Hong-Fu Zhang ◽

Shu-Kun Wang ◽

Zhi-Hui Hao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zinc Sulfate ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Vitro Data ◽

In Vitro Data

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Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prime a Protective Immune Response in Galleria mellonella to Defend Against Candida albicans

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.766138 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Mei-nian Xu ◽

Li Li ◽

Wen Pan ◽

Huan-xin Zheng ◽

Meng-lei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Galleria Mellonella ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Zno Nps

Purpose: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have exerted antimicrobial properties. However, there is insufficient evaluation regarding the in vivo antifungal activity of ZnO-NPs. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of ZnO-NPs in controlling Candida albicans in the invertebrate Galleria mellonella.Methods:Galleria mellonella larvae were injected with different doses of ZnO-NPs to determine their in vivo toxicity. Non-toxic doses of ZnO-NPs were chosen for prophylactic injection in G. mellonella followed by C. albicans infection. Then the direct in vitro antifungal effect of ZnO-NPs against C. albicans was evaluated. In addition, the mode of action of ZnO-NPs was assessed in larvae through different assays: quantification of hemocyte density, morphology observation of hemocytes, characterization of hemocyte aggregation and phagocytosis, and measurement of hemolymph phenoloxidase (PO) activity.Results: Zinc oxide nanoparticles were non-toxic to the larvae at relatively low concentrations (≤20 mg/kg). ZnO-NP pretreatment significantly prolonged the survival of C. albicans-infected larvae and decreased the fungal dissemination and burden in the C. albicans-infected larvae. This observation was more related to the activation of host defense rather than their fungicidal capacities. Specifically, ZnO-NP treatment increased hemocyte density, promoted hemocyte aggregation, enhanced hemocyte phagocytosis, and activated PO activity in larvae.Conclusion: Prophylactic treatment with lower concentrations of ZnO-NPs protects G. mellonella from C. albicans infection. The innate immune response primed by ZnO-NPs may be part of the reason for the protective effects. This study provides new evidence of the capacity of ZnO-NPs in enhancing host immunity and predicts that ZnO-NPs will be attractive for further anti-infection applications.

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Using Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles to Alleviate the Toxicity on Banana Parasitic-Nematode

10.21203/rs.3.rs-186764/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mostafa elansary ◽

Ragaa Hamouda ◽

Maha Elshamy

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Second Stage ◽

Highest Weight ◽

Direct Exposure

Abstract We appraised the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles, (ZnO-NPs) and zinc oxide bulk (ZnO-bulk) or zinc acetate, as a natural nematocide, alone or in combination with oxamyl in vitro and in vivo trials in order to improve systems for root-knot nematode (RKNs) control in banana plants. Especially, ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized from the alga, Ulva fasciata. In general, all applications of ZnO-NPs were more effective to control RKNs than ZnO-bulk as well oxamyl alone (chemical control). In in vitro conditions, ZnO-NPs with oxamyl showed 98.91% second stage juveniles2 (J2s) mortality of Meloidogyne incognita after 72 hrs, while 72.86% mortality was observed at the same NPs treatment without oxamyl at the same exposure time. The same treatment was the most effective in diminution of J2s community (82.77%) in soil and galls number (81.87%) in roots under in vivo conditions. In contrast, the highest weight and height of the shoot was observed in Zn-bulk treatment in combination with oxamyl as well oxamyl only (nematocides check). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reports displayed the distributions and accumulations of ZnO-NPs on the nematode (J2s) body under direct exposure, which might be the reason of NP-mediated toxicity and disruption for M. incognita.

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