Efficacy of acidified phytase supplemented cottonseed meal based diets on growth performance and proximate composition of Labeo rohita fingerlings

The growth of aquaculture sector is strongly dependent upon the continuous supply of inexpensive fish feed with balanced nutritional profile. However, fish meal (FM) is unable to satisfy this demand due to its scarce supply and high cost. In order to test the potential of cottonseed meal (CSM) as a fish meal replacer, a feeding trial of 12 weeks was conducted to check growth performance and proximate composition of Labeo rohita fingerlings. The protein ration of the test feed was satisfied by replacing FM with CSM at 0, 25, 50 and 75%. Sixteen test diets viz., TD1 (control), TD2, TD3, TD4, TD5, TD6, TD7, TD8, TD9, TD10, TD11, TD12, TD13, TD14, TD15 and TD16 were supplemented with citric acid (CA; 0 and 2.5%) and phytase (PHY; 0 and 750 FTU/kg) in a completely randomized design with 3×3 factorial arrangement. The highest weight gain (11.03g), weight gain% (249.21%), specific growth rate (1.39) and best feed conversion ratio (1.20) were recorded by fish fed with TD12. Furthermore, the same level increased the crude protein (59.26%) and fat (16.04%) being significantly different (p<0.05) than that of control. Conclusively, the addition of acidified phytase (CA; 2.5%, PHY; 750 FTU/kg) in TD12 (CSM=50%) led to the improved growth and proximate composition of L. rohita fingerlings.

Performance evaluation of the commercial aquafeeds available in the market of Pakistan on Channa marulius (Sole)

The present study aimed to determine the effect of different levels of protein on the growth, body composition, amino acid profile and serology of Channa marulius fingerlings. The experiment was conducted in ten happas installed in earthen ponds, each stocked with 10 fishes for 90 days. Four commercial fish feeds having 25%, 30%, 32% and 40% crude protein (CP) levels were fed to fish at 3% of their wet body weight three times a day. The results of the study revealed that highest weight gain, feed conversion ratio and survival rate were observed in 30% protein feed. Meanwhile, moisture content was higher in fish fed with 30% CP feed while highest crude protein was recorded in 40% CP fed fish. Lowest fat content was observed in 32% CP feed. Amino acid profile of fish revealed better results in 30% CP feed. Total protein, glucose and globulin were also highest in fish feeding 30% CP feed, while albumin was highest in 40% CP feed. It is concluded that 30% CP feed showed better results in terms of growth, amino acid profile and serological parameters without effecting fish body composition.

Coastal Community Economic Empowerment Strategy in Merauke Regency

Community economic empowerment is an important approach to realize a balanced, developing and just economic structure, to realize a successful economic empowerment, community business capacity must become strong and independent, and in sync with community’s best potential and product, in this paper is coastal community. The purpose of this study is how the main strategies and work programs that need to be taken to improve the economy of the community in Merauke Regency by optimally utilizing coastal community resources and knowing the inhibiting and supporting factors of empowerment. Qualitative research method with a SWOT analysis tool with a focus on data sources based on the results of interviews and discussions with the fisheries service and fisheries business actors. The results of the study explain that the increase in fisherman productivity has the highest weight value which is carried out by increasing the role of capital assistance and market intervention, verified by the efforts of coastal communities.

Pengambilan Keputusan Menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) pada Pemilihan Pemasok Produk Lampu

This study aims to determine the best supplier for in-Lite lighting products. The company chose criteria and sub-criteria in supplier selection to optimize product sales continuity. This study used the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, which provided information about the criteria, sub-criteria, and alternatives in the selection of three suppliers: A, B, and C. The existence of priority weights provided a decision in choosing the supplier of the lighting product. The new criteria and sub-criteria were the results of the literature study formulation and then adjusted again with the results of the interview. Seven criteria were determined in this study: production, price, quality, site selection, product suitability, delivery, and service. The results of the calculation of the priority weights of the criteria, sub-criteria, and alternative selection using a questionnaire. The parties involved in the selection of suppliers filled out the questionnaire to obtain a weight for each supplier. Based on the results of AHP calculations, supplier A got the highest weight of 0,442 or 44%, so this supplier is used as a company priority in choosing suppliers for in-Lite type lighting products.

Weight loss and commodity evaluation of pear fruits during storage depending on the packaging method

Pear fruits have a high biological and nutritional value; however, they are perishable products, storage of which is accompanied by certain difficulties. You can preserve the quality of fresh pears through the use of various packaging methods, among which the use of polyethylene liners is effective. The article presents the results of studies of weight loss and yield of pears during storage, depending on the variety and method of packaging. Conferencia, Noiabrska, and Osnovianska pears of the highest and first commodity varieties were pre-cooled and packed in wooden boxes №3, with a capacity of up to 25 kg (“control” option) and in boxes with a plastic bag liner inserted inside the package 45–50 μm followed by sealing (option “box with a polyethylene liner”). Pear fruits were stored for four months at a temperature of 0 ... + 3 ± 1 ºС and relative humidity of 92% ± 2%. Fruit weight losses were determined by the method of weighing fixed samples, the yield of marketable products - according to DSTU 8326:2015. It was found that during the storage period of pear fruits, their weight loss was 2.3–5%, depending on the variety and method of packaging. In terms of pomological varieties, according to average data, the highest weight loss was pears of the Osnovianska variety – 2.6%. The use of polyethylene liners during the storage of pears helped to reduce losses by 0.5–2.3% depending on the variety and duration of storage. It was found that in the conditions of free air access the share of standard products was 78.6–88.3% with the minimum value in the fruits of Conference and the maximum in the fruits of Noiabrska Moldova. It is proved that packing pear fruits in wooden boxes with polyethylene inserts caused an increase in the yield of marketable products to 90.2–98.4%, a decrease in the share of non-standard products to 1.6–7.0%, and waste to 2.8%. The weight loss of pear fruits of the Noiabrska Moldova variety was 0.3–1.5 lower compared to similar indicators of other varieties. The fruits of the same variety recorded a higher yield of marketable products – 88.3–98.4% depending on the method of storage.

Evaluation of preventive homeopathic treatment against Colibacillosis in swine production

Escherichia coli is the most important etiologic agent implied in neonatal diarrhea in swine; colibacillosis is the disease with highest impact in production of swine. The demands of consumers for meat without chemical residues and the ban on the use of antibiotics and chemotherapics in production of swine compelled to find alternative therapeutic and preventive treatments. Aims: to assess homeopathic treatment as preventive against colibacillosis in swine. Methods: the study was conducted in a farm in Mato Grosso, Brazil; stools of 4 piglets with diarrhea were collected to establish the presence of E. coli; concomitantly it was performed a clinical exam to identify the symptoms leading to the choice of a homeopathy remedy. Newborn piglets were divided into 4 groups (n= 11 or 12): 1) control, subjected to antibiotic treatment against diarrhea; 2) homeopathic treatment, performed with Phosphorus 30cH according to the symptoms collected; 3) biotherapic treatment, performed with Escherichia coli 30cH prepared from the locally obtained bacteria; 4) homeopathic + biotherapics treatment. Results: all 3 groups treated with homeopathy/isotherapy presented a significant reduction of diarrhea compared to the control group (p=0.02); the group treated with Phosphorus 30cH + Escherichia coli 30cH presented the highest weight gain which was significant by comparison to all other groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: homeopathic and biotherapics treatment were more effective than antibiotics in the control of diarrhea in newborn piglets; combination of homeopathic and isopathic treatment resulted in the highest weight gain. These results suggest that homeopathy and isopathy are effective alternatives for the treatment of diarrhea by E. coli in newborn swine.

Influence of growth regulators on yield of carrot tablets in the conditions of the forest-steppe of right-bank Ukraine

In the results conducted between studies, the studied regulators affect the biometrics and yield of table carrot plants. The greatest influence on the interphase period "root formation - technical maturity" was performed by the regulator Phytocid-r, which helped reduce the growth of the interphase period Shantane KL by 3 days, in the hybrid Brilliance F1 by 4 days. With the use of the growth regulator Phytocid-r of the vegetation period of the population in the variety Shantane KL – 117 days, in the hybrid Brilliance F1 – 118 days, respectively 6 and 7 days shorter with control. The highest weight of root crops during the growing season was observed using the growth regulator Phytocid-p, in the variety Shantane KL the increase relative to control was 15.5 – 23.7 g, in the hybrid Brilliance F1 – 18.5 and 25.5 g. root crops were also characterized by variants using growth regulators Ivin and Emistym C, where the increase relative to the control at the end of the growing season was: in the variety Shantane KL – 4.1-8.3 g, in the hybrid Brilliance F1 – 4.9 and 6.0 g respectively. The growing season of table carrots was characterized by slightly higher temperatures and low rainfall, with a long dry period, which negatively affected the formation of roots of table carrots. However, the highest yield was obtained from the option using the growth regulator Phytocid-p, which provided an increase in yield at the level: in the variety Shantane KL – 8.5 t / ha, in the hybrid Brilliance F1 – 13.3 t / ha. The highest percentage of marketable yield was obtained using the growth regulator Phytocid-p in both varieties and hybrids – 94.8 and 95.2 %, which is more than the control by 11.2 and 11.0 %. The largest mass of root crop was formed by plants using the growth regulator Phytocid-r: in the variety Shantane KL – 112 g, in the hybrid Brilliance F1 – 118 g, which is 23.8 and 25.6 g more than the control. The diameter of the root was in the range of 5.8-7.0 cm and varied slightly from the growth regulator. The hybrid Brilliance F1 was characterized by a longer root length. However, taking into account the applied growth regulator, it was found that the highest figure was for the use of Phytocid-r: in the variety Shantane KL – 17.6 cm, in the hybrid Brilliance F1 – 18.3 cm, which is more than the option without treatment 1.2 and 1.0 cm.

Impacts of behavioural factors on the household water consumption in urban areas

Gaps in understanding what influences household water consumption has led water providers failing to convince their customers to report sustainable practices. To this end, the present study aimed to answer the question, “How do social and cultural factors influence water consumption in urban areas”? The response to this issue has been identified through an investigation that involved a group of selected socio-cultural factors, whose analysis was based on collected survey data from participants in Lagos-Nigeria, Salvador-Brazil, Sao Paulo-Brazil, London-UK and Los Angeles-USA. The Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model was used as a data analysis framework to identify influences. The investigation revealed that Motivation is the most reported driver of water consumption. In a scale from 0 (lowest) to 5 (highest), this component presented the most significant scores in Lagos (3.93), Salvador (4.13), Sao Paulo (3.88), London (4.13) and Los Angeles (3.59). The Capability dimension had the second-highest weight in Lagos, Salvador, Sao Paulo, and Los Angeles, with scores of 2.80, 3.60, 3.60 and 3.20, respectively. Participants from London have Opportunity (score= 2.88) as the second influential pillar in water consumption. These findings are aimed at helping to best drive water saving practices by gaining insight into factors underpinning water consumption in a structured manner.

Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Lihium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) Menggunakan Metoda Solid State Reaction Sebagai Katoda Pada baterai Lithium-Ion

ABSTRAK Perkembangan baterai tak luput dari kebutuhan energi yang kian meningkat. Meskipun sumber energi tidak terpaku pada baterai, namun baterai banyak diminati karena dapat menampung cukup banyak energi, relatif aman, dan bersifat portable. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesa dan mengetahui karakteristik salah satu jenis katoda baterai lithium-ion yaitu Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) dengan variasi mol reagent berdasarkan perbandingan stoikiometri dan suhu proses kalsinasi 600°C, 700°C, dan 800°C selama 3x3 jam menggunakan metode solid state reaction dengan Li2SO4.H2O, FeSO4.7H2O, dan KH2PO4 sebagai reagent. Produk hasil kalsinasi 800°C dengan variasi 0.1 mol dijadikan sampel untuk dianalisa dan dikarakterisasi karena memiliki penurunan berat endapan BaSO4 tertinggi. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan FTIR menunjukan gugus fungsi P-O yang cukup kuat, sementara hasil karakterisasi menggunakan SEM/EDX menunjukan partikel yang terbentuk memiliki ukuran sekitar 160nm hingga 14µm dan terdapat atom S yang merupakan impurities dalam produk. Pola difraksi hasil uji XRD menunjukan terbentuknya sejumlah fasa seperti LiFePO4, LiFeP2O7, dan Li3PO4. ABSTRACT The development of batteries is inseparable from the increasing energy needs. Although energy sources are not available for batteries, batteries are in great demand because they can store a lot of energy, are relatively safe, and are portable. This study aims to synthesize and determine the characteristics of one type of lithium-ion battery cathode, namely Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) with various mole reagents based on stoichiometric ratios and calcination process temperatures of 600oC, 700oC, and 800oC for 3x3 hours using the solidstate reaction method with Li2SO4.H2O, FeSO4.7H2O, and KH2PO4 as reagents. The 800oC calcined product with 0.1 mol variation was sampled for analysis and characterization because it had the highest weight loss of BaSO4 deposits. The results of characterization using FTIR showed that the functional group P-O are quite strong, while the results of characterization using SEM/EDX showed that the particles formed had a size of about 160nm to 14µm and contained S atoms which were impurities in the product. The diffraction pattern of XRD test results shows the formation of phase numbers such as LiFePO4, LiFeP2O7, dan Li3PO4.