Factors Associated with Compliance with World Health Organization-Recommended Infant-Feeding Practices by Mothers with HIV Infection in Northwest Ethiopia

Since its publication in 1955, the WHO Monograph, Infant Nutrition in the Subtropics and Tropics by Derrick Jelliffe, has been indispensable reading and reference for persons dealing with pediatric problems in the developing areas of the world. Its review of infant feeding practices in tile subtropics and tropics was unique, and its description of nutritional diseases among young children in these areas was concise and reliable. The chapters on improving infant feeding, preventing nutritional disease, and introducing nutrition education were by far the best published guidelines available.

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Prevalence of and factors associated with insufficient physical activity among adolescents: evidence from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh

Journal of Biosocial Science ◽

10.1017/s0021932021000316 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Md Mokbul Hossain ◽

Fahmida Akter ◽

Abu Abdullah Mohammad Hanif ◽

Md Showkat Ali Khan ◽

Abu Ahmed Shamim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

World Health ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Adolescent Girls And Boys ◽

The World ◽

Insufficient Physical Activity ◽

Health Organization

Abstract The World Health Organization set a target of a 15% relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity (IPA) by 2025 among adolescents and adults globally. In Bangladesh, there are no national estimates of the prevalence of IPA among adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent girls and boys. Data for 4865 adolescent girls and 4907 adolescent boys, collected as a part of a National Nutrition Surveillance in 2018–19, were analysed for this study. A modified version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to collect physical activity data. The World Health Organization recommended cut-off points were used to estimate the prevalence of IPA. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with IPA. Prevalences of IPA among adolescent girls and boys were 50.3% and 29.0%, respectively, and the prevalence was significantly higher among early adolescents (10–14 years) than late adolescents (15–19 years) among both boys and girls. The IPA prevalence was highest among adolescents living in non-slum urban areas (girls: 77.7%; boys: 64.1%). For both boys and girls, younger age, non-slum urban residence, higher paternal education and increased television viewing time were significantly associated with IPA. Additionally, residing in slums was significantly associated with IPA only among the boys. Higher maternal education was associated with IPA only among the girls. This study identified several modifiable risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent boys and girls in Bangladesh. These factors should be addressed through comprehensive public health interventions to promote physical activity among adolescent girls and boys.

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Infant Feeding Practices in Kaski District, Pokhara

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v32i1.5339 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 23-27

Author(s):

S Basnet ◽

E Gauchan ◽

K Malla ◽

T Malla ◽

DP Koirala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infant Feeding ◽

Complementary Feeding ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Infant Feeding Practices ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

Prelacteal Feeds ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Socio Economic Factors

Background: Children in developing countries are prone to infectious diseases due to insufficient and inappropriate feeding practices. Socio-demographic and socio-economic factors directly and indirectly play a role in influencing infant feeding practices. This study was conducted to assess the socio-demographic and economic factors associated with initiation of breastfeeding, complimentary feeding, and the various prelacteal feeds practiced in Kaski, Pokhara. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, interviews were conducted to 500 mothers at Manipal Teaching Hospital who brought their child for treatment. The interviews were conducted in a questionnaire format relating to their demographic and financial statuses. Results: A total of 500 mothers were questioned, out of which 86.6% gave their child breastmilk as its first food. 47% initiated breastfeeding within half an hour of child’s birth. 86% gave Jaulo as the first complementary food to their children. About 26% of the mothers gave complementary feeding to their children before the recommended time of 6 months. Conclusion: Initiation of breastfeeding after life and complementary feeding practices overall has improved from previous studies. There is still need of making awareness campaigns and such in order to further improve this trend. Key words: Breastfeeding; Complimentary feeding; Malnourishment DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v32i1.5339 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.32(1) 2012 23-27

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HIV: diagnosis and assessment

Oxford Handbook of Genitourinary Medicine, HIV, and Sexual Health ◽

10.1093/med/9780198783497.003.0040 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 469-478

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Undetectable Viral Load ◽

World Health ◽

Initial Assessment ◽

Hiv Diagnosis ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization

The World Health Organization has set a target to achieve by 2030 that 90% of people with HIV are aware of their diagnosis, 90% of those are on treatment, and 90% of these have an undetectable viral load. People with HIV who are not aware of their diagnosis are more likely to be diagnosed late with increased morbidity and mortality, and 50% of new transmissions are from people unaware of their status. This chapter describes the challenges in increasing testing and diagnosis, recommendations for HIV testing, and initial assessment and management of those newly diagnosed with HIV infection.

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Exclusive breastfeeding rate and factors associated with infant feeding practices in Indonesia

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi56.1.2016.24-31 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yovita Ananta ◽

Ellen Gandaputra ◽

Elina Waiman ◽

I Gusti Ayu Nyoman Partiwi ◽

Nanis Sacharina Marzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infant Feeding ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Head Circumference ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Infant Feeding Practices ◽

Developmental Status ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Breastfed Infants ◽

Breastfeeding Rate ◽

Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background Breast milk is the ideal food for infants. According to the 2007 Indonesian National Household Health Survey, only 23% of mothers exclusively breastfeed for six months.Objectives To determine the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia, to evaluate factors associated with infant feeding practices, and to compare the nutritional and developmental status between exclusively-breastfed and formula-fed infants.Methods A survey was conducted in hospitals located in 17 provinces in Indonesia. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding was calculated. Many variables were investigated as potential predictors for exclusive breastfeeding using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Further analysis was performed to compare the nutritional and developmental status between exclusively breastfed and formula-fed infants at the time of survey.Results From 1,804 infant subjects, the overall rate of exclusive breastfeeding was 46.3%, ranging from 10.5% in East Java to 66.9% in Jambi. Predominant breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and formula feeding rates were 14.3%, 8.6%, and 30.7%, respectively. Maternal unemployment was associated with a longer duration of breastfeeding (P=0.000). There were significantly more formula-fed infants who were undernourished compared to exclusively-breastfed infants (14% vs. 8%, P=0.001). There were also significantly more infants in the formula-fed group who had abnormal head circumference compared to those in the exclusively-breastfed group (9% vs. 6%, P=0.031). Child development, as assessed by the Pre-screening Developmental Questionnaire, was similar between the two groups (P=0.996).Conclusion The overall rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia is 46.3%. Maternal unemployment is associated with longer duration of breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfed infants have significant better growth and head circumference compared to formula fed infants, while the development is similar between the two groups.

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Psychosocial Issues in Children and Adolescents With HIV Infection Evaluated With a World Health Organization Age-Specific Descriptor System

Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics ◽

10.1097/dbp.0b013e3181f51907 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 52-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Antonietta Giannattasio ◽

Annunziata Officioso ◽

Grazia Isabella Continisio ◽

Giovanna Griso ◽

Cinzia Storace ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

World Health ◽

Descriptor System ◽

Psychosocial Issues ◽

Health Organization

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Mechanisms of support for exclusive breastmilk expressers in the community: a scoping review

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-019-2667-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leah Strauch ◽

Linda Sweet ◽

Hayley Scott ◽

Amanda Müller

Keyword(s):

World Health Organization ◽

Infant Feeding ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

World Health ◽

Internet Search ◽

Analysis Of Results ◽

Government Websites ◽

Health Organization ◽

Informal Supports

Abstract Background The World Health Organization recommends that infants be exclusively breastfed until the age of six months. Breastfeeding is generally understood to mean the provision of human breastmilk to the infant by direct feeding at the breast, and interventions aimed at supporting exclusive breastfeeding are therefore targeted at this activity. However, breastfeeding is actually an umbrella term covering the provision of breastmilk to an infant by any means. Our population of interest is mothers who exclusively feed their infants indirectly using expressed breastmilk. Some research suggests that any expressing, and exclusively expressing in particular, can be a risk factor for early cessation of exclusive breastmilk provision, so we were interested to identify whether any specific support existed for exclusively expressing mothers outside of the context of premature infants and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit setting. Methods A scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute approach was used to explore the phenomenon of formal and informal supports in the community for exclusively expressing mothers. Searches were run across academic databases and of government websites and infant feeding support organisations. Finally, an informal internet search was run using a simple search string. Results On analysis of results, there were no studies or articles that met the search criteria. An informal internet search linked us directly with websites and blogs that could be considered a form of support intervention. These informal results suggest that support material or programs could possibly exist in other modalities but we cannot find them in the context of this type of scoping review. Conclusions The results of the search corroborated what we had suspected – that exclusively expressing mothers are not specifically supported by usual channels for new parents and that it is also difficult to find acknowledgement that exclusive expression exists. The absence of results demonstrates the relevance of this study: exclusively expressing mothers are an under-served population. If we wish to strive towards achievement of World Health Organization breastfeeding goals, exclusively expressing mothers require targeted support to assist in their infant feeding experience, and there is little formal evidence of it currently being provided.

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Factors Associated with Infant Feeding Practices

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics ◽

10.1016/j.jand.2014.06.340 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 114 (9) ◽

pp. A99

Author(s):

N.E. Brown ◽

N.E. Coduti ◽

M.B. Gregoire ◽

D.C. Sowa ◽

N.B. Ratz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infant Feeding ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Infant Feeding Practices ◽

Factors Associated

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Do the Benefits of Breastfeeding Outweigh the Risk of Postnatal Transmission of Hiv via Breastmilk?

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1177/004947559002000108 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 25-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Kathy I Kennedy ◽

Judith A Fortney ◽

Michele G Bonhomme ◽

Malcolm Potts ◽

Peter Lamptey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Infant Mortality ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Infant Feeding ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Infant Feeding Practices ◽

High Baseline ◽

Postnatal Transmission ◽

Baseline Levels ◽

The Difference

Conflicting recommendations have been offered about whether HIV+ mothers should breastfeed. Since there is a strong precedent for US infant feeding practices to be imitated in developing countries, a model was constructed to estimate infant mortality if the CDC admonition for HIV + mothers not to breastfeed were upheld in less developed settings. Estimates are given for infant mortality in the presence and absence of breastfeeding across several baseline levels of infant mortality and across several theoretical rates of transmission through breastfeeding. The infant mortality associated with HIV infection acquired through breastfeeding is estimated to be lower than the mortality associated with the diseases of infancy that would result if breastmilk were withheld. The difference in these estimates is greater in areas with high baseline levels of infant mortality.

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