scholarly journals Mechanisms of support for exclusive breastmilk expressers in the community: a scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Strauch ◽  
Linda Sweet ◽  
Hayley Scott ◽  
Amanda Müller
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Internet Search ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Informal Supports

Abstract Background The World Health Organization recommends that infants be exclusively breastfed until the age of six months. Breastfeeding is generally understood to mean the provision of human breastmilk to the infant by direct feeding at the breast, and interventions aimed at supporting exclusive breastfeeding are therefore targeted at this activity. However, breastfeeding is actually an umbrella term covering the provision of breastmilk to an infant by any means. Our population of interest is mothers who exclusively feed their infants indirectly using expressed breastmilk. Some research suggests that any expressing, and exclusively expressing in particular, can be a risk factor for early cessation of exclusive breastmilk provision, so we were interested to identify whether any specific support existed for exclusively expressing mothers outside of the context of premature infants and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit setting. Methods A scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute approach was used to explore the phenomenon of formal and informal supports in the community for exclusively expressing mothers. Searches were run across academic databases and of government websites and infant feeding support organisations. Finally, an informal internet search was run using a simple search string. Results On analysis of results, there were no studies or articles that met the search criteria. An informal internet search linked us directly with websites and blogs that could be considered a form of support intervention. These informal results suggest that support material or programs could possibly exist in other modalities but we cannot find them in the context of this type of scoping review. Conclusions The results of the search corroborated what we had suspected – that exclusively expressing mothers are not specifically supported by usual channels for new parents and that it is also difficult to find acknowledgement that exclusive expression exists. The absence of results demonstrates the relevance of this study: exclusively expressing mothers are an under-served population. If we wish to strive towards achievement of World Health Organization breastfeeding goals, exclusively expressing mothers require targeted support to assist in their infant feeding experience, and there is little formal evidence of it currently being provided.

scholarly journals Mapping Evidence on Global Perceptions of Environmental Sustainability amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER ANSU-MENSAH ◽  
Monica Ansu-Mensah ◽  
Desmond Kuupiel
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: Identifying and addressing research gaps on environmental sustainability in this striving time of COVID-19, it is imperative to ensure proper waste management disposal, efficient use of energy as well as judicious use of transport in order to achieve the SDGs 2030.Aim: The proposed scoping review is aimed at mapping evidence on global perceptions of environmental sustainability amidst COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The proposed study will be guided by the enhanced version of Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework, and Levac et al. 2010 recommendations together with the 2015 Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. A comprehensive keywords search for relevant studies presenting evidence of environmental sustainability during COVID-19 pandemic will be conducted with the following databases: SCOPUS, Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, and PubMed. Literature from university repositories and international organization such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and government websites relevant to the proposed study will also be retrieved. The proposed review will use the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis: Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) to present the results of the study. For data extraction in a content thematic manner of analysis, NVivo version 11 software package will be used. A mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) version 2018 will be employed to appraise the quality of all the included studies. Discussion: We are hopeful that the results of the proposed study will inform future research and unveil evidence-based information to report potential environmental sustainability issues that may arise in this new phase of COVID-19 pandemic. It also anticipated that the proposed study will enable policy and regulatory bodies to implement new strategies to achieve the SDGs inclusive of COVID-19 pandemic.

Infant Nutrition in the Subtropics and Tropics (World Health Organization Series No. 29), ed. 2, by Derrick B. Jelliffe, M.D., F.R.C.P., F.A.P.H.A. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1968, 335 pp., $9.00 clothbound

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-308
Author(s):  
Nevin S. Scrimshaw
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
World Health ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Since its publication in 1955, the WHO Monograph, Infant Nutrition in the Subtropics and Tropics by Derrick Jelliffe, has been indispensable reading and reference for persons dealing with pediatric problems in the developing areas of the world. Its review of infant feeding practices in tile subtropics and tropics was unique, and its description of nutritional diseases among young children in these areas was concise and reliable. The chapters on improving infant feeding, preventing nutritional disease, and introducing nutrition education were by far the best published guidelines available.

A Scoping Review of the Effectiveness of Control Interventions of Human and Canine Rabies in an Effort to Rationalise the One Health Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-34
Author(s):  
Nur Asheila Abdul Taib ◽  
Razitasham Safii
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
One Health ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Canine Rabies ◽  
The One ◽  
Health Organization

  According to the World Health Organization (WHO), rabies is one of the 18 neglected tropical diseases, together with dengue, leprosy, and trachoma, among others. Despite being a vaccine-preventable disease, the latest estimate of annual human rabies mortality from a 2015 study is as high as 59,000 throughout 150 countries. In human rabies, more than 95% of the cases are due to dog bites, making the elimination of canine rabies a global priority by fighting the disease at its animal source. World Health Organization (WHO), World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, and the Global Alliance for Rabies Control (GARC) have warranted the One Health framework with the objective of complete eradication of dog-related human rabies by the year 2030. In an effort to rationalise the One Health approach, this scoping review found 17 studies on assessing the effectiveness of control interventions of human and canine rabies. Different strategies were implemented based on the endemicity of rabies in a particular country. Overall, the combined strategies using the One Health approach, which allows effective participation and communication between different agencies, have shown promising results in reducing rabies cases. These strategies will hopefully realise the goal in the Global Strategic Plan to achieve zero canine-mediated human rabies death by the year 2030.

scholarly journals Women’s Perceptions and Experiences of Breastfeeding: a scoping review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Beggs ◽  
Liza Koshy ◽  
Elena Neiterman
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
The World ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Despite public health efforts to promote breastfeeding, global rates of breastfeeding continue to trail behind the goals identified by the World Health Organization. While the literature exploring breastfeeding beliefs and practices is growing, it offers various and sometimes conflicting explanations regarding women’s attitudes towards and experiences of breastfeeding. This research explores existing empirical literature regarding women’s perceptions about and experiences with breastfeeding. The overall goal of this research is to identify what barriers mothers face when attempting to breastfeed and what supports they need to guide their breastfeeding choices. Methods This paper uses a scoping review methodology developed by Arksey and O’Malley. PubMed, CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, and PsychInfo databases were searched utilizing a predetermined string of keywords. After removing duplicates, papers published in 2010–2020 in English were screened for eligibility. A literature extraction tool and thematic analysis were used to code and analyze the data. Results In total, 59 papers were included in the review. Thematic analysis showed that mothers tend to assume that breastfeeding will be easy and find it difficult to cope with breastfeeding challenges. A lack of partner support and social networks, as well as advice from health care professionals, play critical roles in women’s decision to breastfeed. Conclusion While breastfeeding mothers are generally aware of the benefits of breastfeeding, they experience barriers at individual, interpersonal, and organizational levels. It is important to acknowledge that breastfeeding is associated with challenges and provide adequate supports for mothers so that their experiences can be improved, and breastfeeding rates can reach those identified by the World Health Organization.

scholarly journals Role of a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during the COVID-19 Pandemia: recommendations from the neonatology discipline

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 894-897
Author(s):  
Werther Brunow de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni Gibelli ◽  
Vera Lucia Jornada Krebs ◽  
Carla Regina Tragante ◽  
Maria Beatriz Moliterno Perondi
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

SUMMARY On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 a pandemic. The Obstetrics and Neonatology disciplines needed to be revised to suit the institutional need to expand intensive care beds to care for confirmed or suspected patients with COVID-19 in the state of São Paulo, following the recommendations of the Institutional Crisis Committee. Three different actions were needed: the structuring of teams and advanced medical post to attend COVID-19-free patients and those with suspect or confirmed COVID-19; elaborating the protocols from the delivery room throughout hospitalization. Some special considerations about breastfeeding and rooming-in were needed. The third action was the drafting of a protocol to admit infants from other hospitals with confirmed COVID-19 as the unit never admitted outpatients before.

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