Impact of ethnicity and obesity on insulin resistance in two ethnic groups at very high risk of type 2 diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hassoun ◽  
M. Al-Atrash ◽  
M. Alkasim ◽  
Z. Dabbous ◽  
O. Mujahed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals Clinical profiles and quality of care of subjects with type 2 diabetes according to their cardiovascular risk: an observational, retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basilio Pintaudi ◽  
Alessia Scatena ◽  
Gabriella Piscitelli ◽  
Vera Frison ◽  
Salvatore Corrao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recently defined cardiovascular risk classes for subjects with diabetes. Aim of this study was to explore the distribution of subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) by cardiovascular risk groups according to the ESC classification and to describe the quality indicators of care, with particular regard to cardiovascular risk factors. Methods The study is based on data extracted from electronic medical records of patients treated at the 258 Italian diabetes centers participating in the AMD Annals initiative. Patients with T2D were stratified by cardiovascular risk. General descriptive indicators, measures of intermediate outcomes, intensity/appropriateness of pharmacological treatment for diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors, presence of other complications and overall quality of care were evaluated. Results Overall, 473,740 subjects with type 2 diabetes (78.5% at very high cardiovascular risk, 20.9% at high risk and 0.6% at moderate risk) were evaluated. Among people with T2D at very high risk: 26.4% had retinopathy, 39.5% had albuminuria, 18.7% had a previous major cardiovascular event, 39.0% had organ damage, 89.1% had three or more risk factors. The use of DPP4-i markedly increased as cardiovascular risk increased. The prescription of secretagogues also increased and that of GLP1-RAs tended to increase. The use of SGLT2-i was still limited, and only slightly higher in subjects with very high cardiovascular risk. The overall quality of care, as summarized by the Q score, tended to be lower as the level of cardiovascular risk increased. Conclusions A large proportion of subjects with T2D is at high or very high risk. Glucose-lowering drug therapies seem not to be adequately used with respect to their potential advantages in terms of cardiovascular risk reduction. Several actions are necessary to improve the quality of care.

Association between new markers of cardiovascular risk and hepatic insulin resistance in those at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes

Endocrine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucilla D. Monti ◽  
Camillo Bechi Genzano ◽  
Barbara Fontana ◽  
Elena Galluccio ◽  
Serena Spadoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance

Comorbidities and Diabetes Type 2

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Chinedu I. Ossai ◽  
Nilmini Wickramasinghe ◽  
Steven Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Very High

The prevalence of diabetes type 2 among the population and the increasing rate of new diagnoses as well as other co-morbidities make it imperative that we develop a richer understanding of type 2 diabetes. An Australian survey of diabetes type 2 people for different co-morbidities was carried out to obtain information about the possible connections of the co-morbidities with type 2 diabetes. The analysis is done with the logit model and Pearson's chi-square and the results indicate that gender, age of the patients, and the duration of the diabetes type 2 diagnosis play a significant role in the exposure of individuals to different comorbidities. The influence of the duration of diagnosis and age of the patients is limited in comparison to the gender, which has females at a very high risk of developing the studied co-morbidities compared to males. The findings can improve diabetes type 2 management to boost high quality, proactive, and cost-effective caregiving for the patients.

Prevalence of Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes in Canadian Women at High Risk for Breast Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Dumais ◽  
Julie Lumingu ◽  
Marc Bedard ◽  
Lise Paquet ◽  
Shailendra Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Risk

scholarly journals Determinants of 20-year non-progression to Type 2 diabetes in women at very high risk: the E3N cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1716-1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fagherazzi ◽  
G. Gusto ◽  
F. R. Mancini ◽  
C. Dow ◽  
K. Rajaobelina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals Adipocytokine Levels in Genetically High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes in the Indian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Subhash Chandra Bose ◽  
Shachin K. Gupta ◽  
Prerna Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
History Of

Introduction. In view of the noteworthy role of adipocytokines in the onset of insulin resistance and diabetes in gene-knockout-rat-model-cell-line studies we aimed to study the influence of genetic predisposition for diabetes on adipocytokine levels and their role in building insulin-resistance-like environment well before the onset of diabetes; thus a hypothesis can be drawn on their role in developing diabetes in high risk population.Methods. Ages between 18 and 22 years were selected and divided into three groups. Group I(n=81): control group with no family history of diabetes. Group II(n=157): with one of their parents with history of type 2 diabetes. Group III(n=47): with both parents having history of type 2 diabetes. In all the groups we estimated fasting plasma glucose, insulin and adipocytokines like adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, and IL-6.Results. Of all adipocytokines we observed significantly lower levels of adiponectin (8.7±1 μg/mL in group III and9.5±1.3 μg/mL group II) when compared to control (11.0±1.2 μg/mL;P<0.01)and it has strong correlation with family history of diabetes with Pearson’s coefficient of −0.502. Linear regression analysis showed significant negative association with HOMA-IR(P<0.01)and logistic regression analysis showed highest association with parental diabetes (P<0.01; OR .260, 95% CI .260–.468).Conclusion. Genetic predisposition for diabetes may influence adiponectin gene expression leading to decrease in its plasma concentration, which might play a key role in developing diabetes in near future.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the HbA1c Reduction Cut Point for a Nonglycemic Effect on Cardiovascular Benefit of Hypoglycemic Agents in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Based on Endpoint Events

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchao Wu ◽  
Lizhi Tang ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Zhe Yan ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Intensive Glucose Control ◽  
Very High ◽  
Cardiovascular Benefit

Background. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of death among patients with diabetes but can be improved by certain hypoglycemic agents. However, adjudicating criteria on whether improvements are a glycemic or nonglycemic effect of these agents remain unclear. Methods. Hypoglycemic agents that produce a cardiovascular benefit in nondiabetic patients are considered to do so via a nonglycemic effect. We performed a subgroup analysis for primary and secondary prevention or very high risk of ASCVD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Where glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was reduced to the same extent in a head-to-head comparison, cardiovascular benefits were judged as a nonglycemic effect. Furthermore, by analyzing the endpoints of four important randomized controlled intensive glucose control studies, UKPDS33, ADVANCE, ACCORD, and VADT, we calculated the cut point of HbA1c reduction for a nonglycemic effect on cardiovascular benefit by hypoglycemic agents in ASCVD groups of different severities. Results. For the ASCVD primary prevention group of T2DM, UKPDS33 indicated a reduction in HbA1c < 0.9%, and a cardiovascular benefit within 10 years was considered a nonglycemic effect. For ASCVD secondary prevention or in the very high-risk group, pioglitazone exerted a nonglycemic effect on cardiovascular benefit in nondiabetic patients with insulin resistance; metformin may exert a similar effect in T2DM patients in a head-to-head study. Analysis of T2DM intensive glucose control studies showed a reduction in HbA1c of <1.0%, and a cardiovascular benefit after approximately 5 years was deemed a nonglycemic effect. Conclusions. For ASCVD primary prevention in T2DM, a reduction in HbA1c < 0.9% and a cardiovascular benefit within 10 years were considered a nonglycemic effect. For ASCVD secondary prevention or in a very high-risk population, a reduction in HbA1c < 1.0% and a cardiovascular benefit within about 5 years were also considered a nonglycemic effect.

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