Bioanalytical validation for the determination of fluticasone propionate, salmeterol and tiotropium in human plasma at the sub pg/mL level using UPLC/MS/MS

SummaryEffects due to plasma plasminogen activators and proactivators are usually studied in assay systems where inhibitors influence the activity and where the degree of activation of proactivators is unknown. Quantitative information on activator and proactivator levels in plasma is therefore not availableStudies on the precipitating and activating properties of dextran sulphate in euglobulin fractionation presented in this paper resulted in the preparation of a fraction in which there was optimal recovery and optimal activation of a number of plasminogen activators and proactivators from human plasma. The quantitative assay of these activators on plasminogen-rich fibrin plates required the addition of flufenamate to eliminate inhibitors. The response on the fibrin plates (lysed zones) could be coverted to arbitrary blood activator units (BAU). Consequently, a new activator assay which enables one to quantitatively determine the plasma level of plasminogen activators and proactivators together is introduced.Two different contributions could be distinguished: an activity originating from extrinsic activator and one originating from intrinsic proactivators. The former could be assayed separately by means of its resistance to inhibition by Cl-inactivator. Considering the relative concentrations of extrinsic and intrinsic activators, an impression of the pattern of activator content in plasma was gained. In morning plasma with baseline levels of fibrinolysis, the amount of extrinsic activator was negligible as compared to the level of potentially active intrinsic activators. Consequently, the new assay nearly exclusively determines the level of intrinsic activators in morning plasma. A pilot study gave a fairly stable level of 100 ± 15 BAU/ml (n = 50). When fibrinolysis was stimulated by venous occlusion (15 min), the amount of extrinsic activator was greatly increased, reaching a total activator level of 249 ± 27 BAU/ml (n = 7).

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The Plasmin Inhibitors of Plasma

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1655579 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 12 (01) ◽

pp. 119-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Y Shamash ◽

A Rimon

Keyword(s):

Human Plasma ◽

New Method ◽

Normal Amount ◽

Caseinolytic Activity ◽

Before And After ◽

Plasmin Inhibitors

SummaryA new method for the assay of plasmin inhibitors in human plasma is described. The method consists of determination of the caseinolytic activity of a standard plasmin solution before and after incubation with the inhibitor, with lysine added to the mixture as a stabilizer of plasmin. Using this method, it was found that plasma contains enough inhibitors to inactivate 30 caseinolytic units of plasmin, or 10 times the normal amount of plasminogen in human plasma.

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Determination of Plasminogen in Human Plasma by the Lysis Time Method

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1655622 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 16 (01/02) ◽

pp. 001-017 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

W Berg ◽

K Korsan-Bengtsen ◽

J Ygge

Keyword(s):

Human Plasma ◽

Present Method ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Fibrinogen Concentration ◽

Plasmin Activity ◽

Time System ◽

Lysis Time ◽

High Dilutions ◽

Single Determination

SummaryA one-stage lysis time system containing fibrinogen, streptokinase, thrombin, and a known, small amount of plasminogen was used to determine plasminogen in plasma.The known amount of plasminogen was added to the system in order to keep the lysis times relatively short when a highly diluted plasma was tested. High dilutions of plasma were used to reduce the influence of the plasma inhibitors.The calculation of the plasminogen concentration was made on the basis of the correlation: “plasminogen = fibrinogen/lysis time” which was valid in the system. The method allowed determination of plasminogen in plasma with varying fibrinogen concentrations, as the fibrinogen concentration in plasma was considered in the calculation.The presence of “spontaneous” plasmin activity in the plasma did not influence the plasminogen determination. Estimated by this method, the plasminogen content in plasma from 32 blood donors aged 25-45 years was 13.1 ±2.4 casein u/ml. The error of a single determination was 0.3 casein u/ml. The plasminogen content in plasma, determined with the present method, is about 3-4 times higher than the content found when a caseinolytic method is used.

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DETERMINATION OF TESTOSTERONE IN HUMAN PLASMA BY MEANS OF DOUBLE ISOTOPE DERIVATIVE TECHNIQUE

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.061s013 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 61 (1_Suppl) ◽

pp. S13 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ole Buus

Keyword(s):

Human Plasma ◽

Double Isotope

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Developing a High-performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Determination of Loratadine and its Metabolite Desloratadine in Human Plasma

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1389200220666191125095648 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (13) ◽

pp. 1053-1059

Author(s):

Mahmoud M. Sebaiy ◽

Noha I. Ziedan

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Human Plasma ◽

High Performance ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Hplc Method ◽

H1 Receptor ◽

Chromatography Method

Background: Allergic diseases are considered as the major burden on public health with increased prevalence globally. Histamine H1-receptor antagonists are the foremost commonly used drugs in the treatment of allergic disorders. The target drug in this study, loratadine, belongs to this class of drugs and its biometabolite desloratadine which is also a non-sedating H1 receptor antagonist with anti-histaminic activity being 2.5 to 4 times greater than loratadine. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel isocratic Reversed-phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for rapid and simultaneous separation and determination of loratadine and its metabolite, desloratadine in human plasma. Methods: The drug extraction method from plasma was based on protein precipitation technique. The separation was carried out on a Thermo Scientific BDS Hypersil C18 column (5μm, 250 x 4.60 mm) in a mobile phase of MeOH: 0.025M KH2PO4 adjusted to pH 3.50 using orthophosphoric acid (85: 15, v/v) at an ambient temperature. The flow rate was maintained at 1 mL/min and maximum absorption was measured using the PDA detector at 248 nm. Results: The retention times of loratadine and desloratadine in plasma samples were recorded to be 4.10 and 5.08 minutes, respectively, indicating a short analysis time. Limits of detection were found to be 1.80 and 1.97 ng/mL for loratadine and desloratadine, respectively, showing a high degree of sensitivity of the method. The method was then validated according to FDA guidelines for the determination of the two analytes in human plasma. Conclusion: The results obtained indicate that the proposed method is rapid, sensitive in the nanogram range, accurate, selective, robust and reproducible compared to other reported methods.

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Development and Validation of a New Method for the Determination of Anti-hepatitis C Agent Simeprevir in Human Plasma using HPLC with Fluorescence Detection

Current Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573411015666181217121619 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 428-435

Author(s):

Ahmed F.A. Youssef ◽

Yousry M. Issa ◽

Kareem M. Nabil

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Human Plasma ◽

Fluorescence Detection ◽

Internal Standard ◽

Protein Precipitation ◽

Assay Method ◽

Fluorescence Detector ◽

Limit Of Quantification ◽

Relative Standard

Background: Simeprevir is one of the recently discovered drugs for treating hepatitis C which is one of the major diseases across the globe. Objective: The present study involves the development of a new and unique High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method using fluorescence detection for the determination of simeprevir (SIM) in human plasma. Methods: Two methods of extractions were tested, protein precipitation using acetonitrile and liquidliquid extraction. A 25 mM dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate (pH 7.0)/ACN (50/50; v/v), was used as mobile phase and C18 reversed phase column as the stationary phase. The chromatographic conditions were optimized and the concentration of simeprevir was determined by using the fluorescence detector. Cyclobenzaprine was used as an internal standard. Results: Recovery of the assay method based on protein precipitation was up to 100%. Intra-day and inter-day accuracies range from 92.30 to 107.80%, with Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) range 1.65-8.02%. The present method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study where SIM was administered as a single dose of 150 mg SIM/capsule (Olysio®) to healthy individuals. Conclusion: This method exhibits high sensitivity with a low limit of quantification 10 ng mL-1, good selectivity using fluorescence detection, wide linear application range 10-3000 ng mL-1, good recovery and highly precise and validation results. The developed method can be applied in routine analysis for real samples.

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