Quantitative Analysis of Mitral Annular Geometry and Function in Healthy Volunteers Using Transthoracic Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

Abstract Purpose The exact correlation between the baseline left atrial (LA) volume (LAV) and atrial fibrillation (AF) radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) outcomes and changes to the LA after AF RFCA has not yet been fully understood. We sought to evaluate the serial changes in the LAV and LA function after RFCA using 3D echocardiography. Methods Consecutive patients who received RFCA of paroxysmal (PAF) or persistent AF (PeAF) at our center between January 2013 and March 2016 were included. Real-time 3D apical full-volume images were acquired, and a 3D volumetric assessment was performed using an automated three-beat averaging method. The LAV index (LAVI) was calculated and the LA ejection fraction (LAEF) was calculated as [LAVmax − LAVmin]/LAVmax. Results Ninety-nine total patients were enrolled, and the mean age was 58.0 ± 8.2 years and 75 (74.7%) were male. There were 59 (59.6%) PAF patients and the remaining 40 (40.4%) had PeAF. AF recurred in 5 of 59 (8.5%) PAF and in 10 of 40 (25%) PeAF patients. The LAVImax increased on 1 day, decreased at 3 months, and then increased again at 1 year but was lower than that at baseline. The LAEF changes were similar to the volume changes but were more prominent in PeAF than PAF patients. The baseline 3D LAVImax was an independent predictor of AF recurrence after RFCA and the cut-off value was 44.13 ml/m2. Conclusion In our study, even after 3 months of scar formation due to ablation, structural remodeling of the LA continued. The changes were more prominent in the non-recurrent, PeAF patients.

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Evaluation of left ventricular structure and function by three-dimensional echocardiography

Current Opinion in Critical Care ◽

10.1097/mcc.0b013e328364d75e ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 387-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Nicole M. Bhave ◽

Roberto M. Lang

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Left Ventricular Structure ◽

Ventricular Structure ◽

Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

Three Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

And Function

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Three-dimensional echocardiography. In vivo validation for right ventricular volume and function.

Circulation ◽

10.1161/01.cir.89.5.2342 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 89 (5) ◽

pp. 2342-2350 ◽

Cited By ~ 108

Author(s):

L Jiang ◽

S C Siu ◽

M D Handschumacher ◽

J Luis Guererro ◽

J A Vazquez de Prada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Right Ventricular ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Ventricular Volume ◽

Right Ventricular Volume ◽

Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

Three Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

And Function ◽

In Vivo Validation

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Three-dimensional echocardiography of congenital abnormalities of the left atrioventricular valve

Echo Research and Practice ◽

10.1530/erp-15-0003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. R13-R24 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Kathryn Rice ◽

John Simpson

Keyword(s):

Surgical Planning ◽

Congenital Abnormalities ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Atrioventricular Valve ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

Three Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

And Function

Congenital abnormalities of the left atrioventricular (AV) valve are a significant diagnostic challenge. Traditionally, reliance has been placed on two-dimensional echocardiographic (2DE) imaging to guide recognition of the specific morphological features. Real-time 3DE can provide unique views of the left AV valve with the potential to improve understanding of valve morphology and function to facilitate surgical planning. This review illustrates the features of congenital abnormalities of the left AV valve assessed by 3DE. The similarities and differences in morphology between different lesions are described, both with respect to the valve itself and supporting chordal apparatus. The potential advantages as well as limitations of this technique in clinical practice are outlined.

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The Clinical Benefits of Adding a Third Dimension to Assess the Left Ventricle with Echocardiography

Scientifica ◽

10.1155/2014/897431 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Luigi P. Badano

Keyword(s):

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Data Sets ◽

Clinical Benefits ◽

Echocardiographic Assessment ◽

Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

Third Dimension ◽

Three Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

And Function

Three-dimensional echocardiography is a novel imaging technique based on acquisition and display of volumetric data sets in the beating heart. This permits a comprehensive evaluation of left ventricular (LV) anatomy and function from a single acquisition and expands the diagnostic possibilities of noninvasive cardiology. It provides the possibility of quantitating geometry and function of LV without preestablished assumptions regarding cardiac chamber shape and allows an echocardiographic assessment of the LV that is less operator-dependent and therefore more reproducible. Further developments and improvements for widespread routine applications include higher spatial and temporal resolution to improve image quality, faster acquisition, processing and reconstruction, and fully automated quantitative analysis. At present, three-dimensional echocardiography complements routine 2DE in clinical practice, overcoming some of its limitations and offering additional valuable information that has led to recommending its use for routine assessment of the LV of patients in whom information about LV size and function is critical for their clinical management.

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