Incidental cytokeratin-positive interstitial reticulum cell tumor of the lymph node accompanied by breast cancer: Status of YAP/TAZ expression in tumor cells

PURPOSE: We studied the prognostic and predictive value of immunohistochemically detected occult tumor cells (OTCs) in lymph nodes and bone marrow aspirates obtained from node-negative breast cancer patients. All were classified as distant metastases-free using conventional staging methods. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 484 patients with pT1-2N0M0 breast cancer and 70 with pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer and a single affected lymph node participated in our trial. Ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes and intraoperatively aspirated bone marrow were examined. All samples were examined for OTCs using monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratins 8, 18, 19. Immunohistological findings were correlated with other prognostic factors. The mean follow-up was 54 ± 24 months. RESULTS: OTCs were detected in 180 (37.2%) of 484 pT1-2N0M0 patients: in the bone marrow of 126 patients (26.0%), in the lymph nodes of 31 patients (6.4%), and in bone marrow and lymph nodes of 23 (4.8%) patients. Of the 70 patients with pT1-2N1MO breast cancer and a single involved lymph node, OTCs were identified in the bone marrow of 26 (37.1%). The ability to detect tumor cells increased with the following tumor features: larger size, poor differentiation, and higher proliferation. Tumors of patients with OTCs more frequently demonstrated lymph node invasion, blood vessel invasion, higher urokinase-type plasminogen activator levels, and increased PAI-1 concentrations. Patients with detected OTCs showed reduced disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OAS) rates that were comparable to those observed in patients who had one positive lymph node. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors revealed that OTCs, histological grading, and tumor size are significant predictors of DFS; OTCs and grading of OAS. CONCLUSION: OTCs detected by simultaneous immunohistochemical analysis of axillary lymph nodes and bone marrow demonstrate independent metastatic pathways. Although OTCs were significantly more frequent in patients with other unfavorable prognostic factors, they were confirmed as an independent prognostic factor for pT1-2N0M0, R0 breast cancer patients.

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Properties of reticulum cell sarcomas in SJL/J mice. V. Nature of reticulum cell sarcoma surface antigen which induces proliferation of normal SJL/J T cells.

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.146.1.132 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 146 (1) ◽

pp. 132-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

N M Ponzio ◽

C S David ◽

D C Shreffler ◽

G J Thorbecke

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Lymph Node ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Proliferative Response ◽

Reticulum Cell ◽

Reticulum Cell Sarcoma ◽

Cell Surface Antigens ◽

Cell Sarcoma ◽

Lymph Node Cells

The results of studies on the reticulum cell sarcoma (RCS) tumors of SJL/J mice presented here, indicate that spontaneous tumors, which arise in older mice, also possess the capacity to induce the vigorous proliferative response in syngenetic T lymphocytes that are characteristic of the transplantable RCS lines. Analysis of cell surface antigens revealed the presence of Ia determinats on gradient-purified transplantable RCS tumor cells; however, these cells did not express Thy 1.2, nIg, or, any of the viral proteins that were tested for by specific antisera. Pretreatment of RCS cells with anti-Ia sera and complement-deleted cells that were stimulatory for syngenetic T lymphocytes, and addition of anti-Ia sera directly to cultures blocked the proliferative response at the stimulator (RCS) cell level. Lymph node cells from H-2(8) strains other than SJL/J, including A.SW and B10.S also gave proliferative responses to RCS cells, although lower in magnitude. A requirement on the part of responding cells for identity with RCS cells at the Ir region was indicated by the finding that A.TH but not A.TL lymph node cells responded to RCS. It is concluded that RCS cells stimulate Ir-region identical T cells (without evidence of presensitization) through a modification in the expression of Ia antigens on the surface of the tumor cells.

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SP140L is differentially expressed in metastasis to lymph nodes in human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/z7b6p ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Human Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Human Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the brain and the breast resides the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in human breast cancer. We found that the SP140 nuclear body protein like, encoded by SP140L, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph nodes metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast (4). SP140L was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer (5). SP140L mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of SP140L in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of SP140L expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph node and to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

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c-Met overexpression in breast cancer with positive axillary lymph node

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20194159 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 3627

Author(s):

Huswatun Hasanah ◽

Rina Masadah ◽

Berti J. Nelwan ◽

Djumadi Achmad ◽

Upik A. Miskad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Invasive Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Incidence ◽

Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽

Axillary Lymph ◽

Node Metastasis

Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world and is the most epidemic cancer in women, with approximately 1.67 million cases. Metastasis of tumor cells to other organs is a major cause of the increasing trend of mortality in breast cancer. This study aims to analyze the expression of c-Met associated with metastasis to axillary lymph nodes in invasive breast cancer.Method: The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Anatomical Pathology of Hasanuddin University Hospital. Stratified sampling was performed from January 2014 - January 2019. Immunohistochemical staining technique was applied upon 66 collected samples, followed by evaluating the c-Met expression score in invasive breast cancer group with positive and negative lymph node status.Result: c-Met overexpression was found among the invasive breast cancer incidence with lymph node metastasis. Among 50 cases with c-Met overexpression (c-Met positive), 40 cases (80%) of invasive breast cancer with lymph node metastasis were identified, while 10 cases (20%) were found in invasive breast cancer without metastasis to lymph nodes. On 16 cases with negative c-Met, 3 cases (18.8%) were found in invasive breast cancer with lymph node metastasis, and 13 cases (81.3%) in invasive breast cancer without metastasis to the lymph nodes. The statistical test results indicated a significant correlation between c-Met expression scores and metastasis to axillary lymph nodes in invasive breast cancer (p <0.001).Conclusion: As one of biomarkers, c-Met overexpression plays a vital role in the treatment of patients with invasive breast cancer to predict patient outcomes and to determine modalities. It is possible to apply c-Met overexpression to investigate aggressiveness of metastatic tumor cells in the future.

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CCDC155 is differentially expressed in metastasis to lymph nodes in human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/trjkq ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Human Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Human Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the brain and the breast resides the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in human breast cancer. We found that the coiled-coil domain containing 155, encoded by CCDC155, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph nodes metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast (4). CCDC155 was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer (5). CCDC155 mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of CCDC155 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival, in lymph node positive patients but in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of CCDC155 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph node and to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

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Isolated tumor cells versus micro-metastasis in sentinel lymph node biopsy for T1, T2 breast cancer compared to macro-metastasis: Significance after complete axillary dissection

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e12028 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e12028-e12028

Author(s):

Y. A. Alabdulkarim ◽

E. Nassif

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Node ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Axillary Dissection ◽

Lymph Node Biopsy ◽

Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽

Axillary Lymph ◽

Isolated Tumor Cells ◽

Lymph Node Examination

e12028 Background: Evaluating the axillary lymph nodes is extremely important in the management of breast cancer, with the recent improvement in histopathology techniques detection of micro-metastasis and even isolated cancer cells (ITC) in a setting of sentinel lymph node examination is feasible. In this study we aim to compare the outcome and significance of; positive SLN for macro versus Micro-metastasis, and ITCs. Methods: We reviewed all the patients who had SLN for breast cancer of stage T 1–2 between April 2006 and November 2008. Identifying all those who had positive macro-metastasis, micro-metastasis, or isolated tumor cells, pathology results of the full axillary LN dissection was evaluated for each type. Results: 350 patients had SLN of these 226 had a disease of T1–2, thirty seven patients (16.3%) had full axillary dissection, of these 27/37 had positive SLN for macro-metastasis, six had micro-metastasis and 3/37 had only ITCs. The presence of other LN metastasis was detected in 8 cases (21.6%); all of them were in the macro-metastasis group. No metastasis was found in either the micro-metastasis or the ITC groups. The ITC was only detected with DCIS; while micro-metastasis was present in DCIS or IDC. No relation was identified between the histopathology grade with ITC or micro-metastasis. Conclusions: Our findings did not show any presence of lymphatic metastasis after full axillary dissection, in case of positive micro-metastasis or ITCs in SLN, compared to the group of macro-metastasis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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