Nitrogen uptake and N-use efficiency of Mediterranean cotton under varied deficit irrigation and N fertilization

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stamatiadis ◽  
C. Tsadilas ◽  
V. Samaras ◽  
J.S. Schepers ◽  
K. Eskridge
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

scholarly journals Effect and Empirical Models of Nitrogen Uptake Under Different Nitrogen Sources in Dieffenbachia amoena

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Jiménez Becker ◽  
Maria Teresa Lao ◽  
Mari Luz Segura
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Form ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Form ◽  
N Use

Adjusting fertility programs according to peak demand periods will help prevent periodic nutrient disorders during crop growth, allowing enhanced use efficiency of water and fertilization. The objectives of this article were to investigate 1) the evolution of the changes in the concentration of nitrate and ammonium in the recycled solution with different N-NO3 –/N-NH4 + ratios; 2) the influence of the N form supply (N-NO3 – or N-NH4 +) on the nitrogen uptake, the nitrogen:water uptake ratio, and nitrogen use and uptake efficiency; and 3) the development of empirical models that would allow the prediction of nitrogen nutritional needs of Dieffenbachia amoena to increase the N use efficiency in a recycled system. To achieve these aims, N uptake has been correlated to climate parameters such as temperature, vapor pressure deficit and global radiation, and growth parameters such as leaf area index. The trial was carried out with Dieffenbachia amoena plants growing in a recycled system with expanded clay as substrate. The crop was placed in an INSOLE (Buried Solar Greenhouse), the plants being supplied with equal amounts of N, differing in the percentage of the N form applied (NO3 –:NH4 +): TA (100:0), TB (50:50), and TC (0:100). The nitrogen form generated important changes in the pH and nitrate and ammonium concentration in nutritive solution during the recirculating solution. In N-NO3 – treatment, pH increased and nitrate concentration showed a tendency to drop slightly. N-NH4 + treatment showed an abrupt N-NH4 + concentration decrease, and N-NO3 – concentration increased along with a pH drop. Also, the nitrogen form applied to the Dieffenbachia amoena crop affects nitrogen uptake. Nitrogen uptake rates and nitrogen uptake concentration were higher in the plants supplied with N-NH4 + or NO3 –+NH4 + than in the plants provided with N-NO3 – alone. The supply of a combination of 50:50 NO3 –+NH4 + improved the N use efficiency. The study also indicated the possibility of predicting the N uptake rate and N uptake concentration using the proposed models.

scholarly journals Temporal and Organ-specific Responses in NUE Traits to N Fertilization, Fungicide Intensity and Early Sowing in Winter Wheat Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Prey ◽  
Moritz Germer ◽  
Urs Schmidhalter
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Fungicide intensity and sowing time influence the N use efficiency (NUE) of winter wheat but the underlying mechanisms, interactions of plant traits, and the temporal effects are not sufficiently understood. Therefore, organ-specific responses in NUE traits to fungicide intensity and earlier sowing were compared at two nitrogen (N) levels for six winter wheat cultivars in 2017. Plants were sampled at anthesis and at maturity and separated into chaff, grain, culms, and three leaf layers to assess their temporal contribution to aboveground dry matter (DM) and N uptake (Nup). Compared to the control treatment, across cultivars, the treatment without fungicide mostly exerted stronger and inverse effects than early sowing, on grain yield (GY, −12% without fungicide, +8% n.s. for early sowing), grain Nup (GNup, −9% n.s., +5% n.s.) as well as on grain N concentration (+4%, −2% n.s.). Grain yield in the treatment without fungicide was associated with similar total DM, as observed in the control treatment but with lower values in harvest index, thousand kernel weight, N use efficiency for GY (NUE) and N utilization efficiency. Lower GNup was associated with similar vegetative N uptake but lower values in N translocation efficiency and N harvest index. In contrast, early sowing tended to increase total DM at anthesis and maturity as well as post-anthesis assimilation, at similar harvest index and increased the number of grains per spike and total N use efficiency. Total N uptake increased after the winter season but was similar at anthesis. Although the relative N response in many traits was lower without fungicide, few fungicide x interactions were significant, and the sowing date did not interact either with N fertilization for any of the N and DM traits. The results demonstrate the positive effects of fungicides and earlier sowing on various traits related to yield formation and the efficient use of nitrogen and are discussed based on various concepts.

Rate and timing of nitrogen fertilization of Russet Burbank potato: Nitrogen use efficiency

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
Y. Leclerc ◽  
G. Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Soil Inorganic N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

This study evaluated rate and timing of N fertilization effects on the N use efficiency characteristics of rain-fed Russet Burbank potato. Trials conducted in 1999–2001 included different rates of fertili zer N (0–160 kg N ha-1 in 1999 and 0–200 kg N ha-1 in 2000 and 2001) applied either at planting according to normal grower practice, or at hilling, the latest time that granular fertilizer can practically be applied. Whole-plant dry matter and N accumulation were determined at topkill. Soil inorganic N content was measured to 30-cm depth at planting and at tuber harvest. Soil N supply (plant N accumulation plus soil inorganic N content at harvest with no fertilizer N applied) varied from 77 to 146 kg N ha-1 depending on the year. Crop N supply (soil N supply plus fertilizer N applied) was a better predictor of plant N accumulation than fertilizer N rate, and was used to remove the confounding effect of variation in soil N supply when making among-year comparisons for N use efficiency characteristics. Nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE; plant N accumulation/crop N supply) decreased with increasing rates of N applied at hilling N rate in 1999, which was a dry year, but was not influenced by at-hilling N rate in 2000 and 2001, or by at-planting N rate in any year. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE; dry matter accumulation/crop N supply) and N utilization efficiency (NUtE; dry matter accumulation/plant N accumulation) decreased curvilinearly with increasing crop N supply in each year. Similar relationships between NUE and crop N supply, and between NUtE and plant N accumulation, among the 3 yr of the study suggest that these relationships are largely independent of seasonal climatic variation, and are primarily genetically controlled. Timing of N fertilization had no effect on any N use efficiency parameter, with the exception of reduced NUpE associated with split N application in 1999. This suggests that under rain-fed potato production in Atlantic Canada, timing of N fertilization has no significant effect on N use efficiency of Russet Burbank potato in years of adequate soil moisture, but NUpE may be decreased by split application of N in dry years. Key words: Solanum tuberosum, soil inorganic N, apparent fertilizer N recovery

scholarly journals Liming Optimizes Nitrogen Fertilization in a Maize-Upland Rice Rotation under No-Till Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
Letusa Momesso ◽  
Murilo de Campos ◽  
João William Bossolani ◽  
José Roberto Portugal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
No Till ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Rates ◽  
N Use

Liming and N fertilization are common practices for optimizing crop yields in tropical agriculture, but the adequate N rate to ensure crop development, enhance yields and N use efficiency, and improve soil chemical properties has not been established for grass rotation. We assessed the optimal N fertilizer rate for combination with liming in an agricultural system composed of two grasses (maize and rice) in rotation under no-till (NT) conditions. Four N rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N·ha−1) were tested under two liming conditions. Maize (11 Mg·ha−1) and rice (5 Mg·ha−1) yields were highest with lime and 150 kg N·ha−1 applications. At 18 months after liming, lime application increased soil pH. In addition, combining liming with N fertilization further increased SOM content at all N rates. Lime increased available P, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+, and BS at N rates of 0, 50, and 100 kg N·ha−1. Overall, combining liming and N fertilization is beneficial for grass crops under NT conditions, as evidenced by enhanced maize and rice N use efficiency and yields. N fertilization rates of 100 and 150 kg N·ha−1 under lime amendment provided the best improvements in crop yields in this cropping system.

Review: Improving nitrogen use efficiency of potted chrysanthemum: Strategies and benefits

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. MacDonald ◽  
Theo J. Blom ◽  
M. James Tsujita ◽  
Barry J. Shelp
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat ◽  
N Use

MacDonald, W. N., Blom, T. J., Tsujita, M. J. and Shelp, B. J. 2013. Review: Improving nitrogen use efficiency of potted chrysanthemum: Strategies and benefits. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1009–1016. Floricultural greenhouse operations can pose significant environmental risk due to the leaching and runoff of nutrients such as [Formula: see text]. To face this challenge, Ontario growers have adopted recirculating systems, such as the subirrigated “ebb and flow” system, on benches, troughs and concrete floors. Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) is the most commonly grown floricultural greenhouse crop species in the world and the potted type is well adapted to subirrigation. Reduction of N fertilization towards the end of the crop cycle is generally recommended to improve the shelf life of cut and potted plants, but it is uncertain how this practice influences the N status of the plant and the electrical conductivity of the growing medium. In this review, we discuss N use efficiency and strategies for managing the [Formula: see text] status of plants, and then propose that this knowledge can help to improve the N use efficiency of potted chrysanthemum grown with subirrigation under greenhouse conditions.

Mineral and slurry nitrogen effects on yield, N uptake, and apparent N-use efficiency of oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SIELING ◽  
H. SCHRÖDER ◽  
H. HANUS
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

In NW Europe, autumn-grown oilseed rape normally receives nitrogen (N) in autumn as seedbed N and in the spring as a split application at the beginning of growth and at stem elongation. In the growing seasons 1990/91 to 1992/93, the effects of slurry and mineral N fertilization on yield, N uptake by the seed and apparent N-use efficiency (NUE) by oilseed rape (Brassica napus) were investigated in a factorial field experiment at Hohenschulen Experimental Station near Kiel, NW Germany. The crop rotation was oilseed rape–winter wheat–winter barley, and soil tillage (conservation tillage without ploughing, conventional tillage), application of pig slurry (none, autumn, spring, autumn+spring) and mineral N fertilization (0 to 200 kg N ha−1) were all varied. Each year, the treatments were applied to all three crops of the rotation and were located on the same plots.Between the years, average seed yield ranged from 3·04 to 3·78 t ha−1, while the corresponding N uptake by the seed varied from 107 to 131 kg N ha−1. Slurry application in spring increased the seed yield and N uptake by the seed in all years, whereas the effect of autumn slurry alone or in combination with spring slurry was negligible. Mineral N fertilizer increased seed yield and N uptake by the seeds except in 1991/92, when N amounts exceeded 160 kg N ha−1. No significant slurry×mineral N interaction occurred. Apparent NUE of mineral N was larger than that of slurry N, but decreased with increasing mineral fertilizer N rates. Only 5% of the autumn slurry N was apparently utilized by the seeds, compared with 24% of the spring slurry N.Despite its ability to take up substantial quantities of N before the winter, oilseed rape utilized very little autumn slurry N for seed production. To minimize environmental impacts, slurry should be applied in the spring, when plants are more able to use N for yield formation, even if NUE of slurry N is lower than that of mineral N. However, since NUE changes with the amount of applied N, it is difficult to find the best combination of slurry and mineral N fertilization to avoid negative environmental effects.

scholarly journals Penampilan Genotipe Jagung Berumur Genjah pada Pemupukan N Dosis Tinggi dan Rendah di Lahan Sawah setelah Padi di Sulawesi Selatan

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
NFN Ruchjaniningsih ◽  
Muh. Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

<p>Genotype Performance of Early Maturity Maize with N High and Low Dosage Fertilization in Irrigated Land After Rice Planting in South Sulawesi. Ruchjaniningsih and Muh. Thamrin. To reduce the negative impact of excessive fertilizer N use efficiency of N needs to be done, especially on maize that much need N. N use efficiency can be improved through the establishment of adaptive varieties of maize N fertilization is low, it is necessary for the characterization of the plant as a basis for screening genotypes. Some strains of maize have been evaluated wetland in Bontomanai, Bantaeng district, South Sulawesi, on May to December 2009, the result of the appearance of phenotypic characters and yield components. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design with a factorial treatment genotype A (X01904 ), B (X02804 ), C (X02904 ), D (X03404), E (X03604), F (Bima- 1), G (Lamuru), H (Gumarang), and local B yellow for comparison with N fertilization (high and low dose) repeated three times. The results showed that fertilizer N 400 kg/ha had a greater impact on the character of the observed fertilization N 200 kg/ha. Genotypes that have high yield potential in rice fields is Lamuru cultivars (13.44 t/ha) and X01904 (13.33 t/ha). All genotypes tested from early maturing (76-84 dap). Genotype X01904, X02804, X02904, X03404, and Bima-1 excel in the characters observed compared to check varieties. Check varieties (local) is superior genotypes were tested on plant height and ear height layout.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Untuk mengurangi dampak negatif pemupukan N yang berlebihan perlu dilakukan efisiensi penggunaan N, terutama pada tanaman jagung yang banyak membutuhkan N. Efisiensi penggunaan N dapat ditingkatkan melalui pembentukan varietas jagung adaptif pemupukan N rendah, untuk itu perlu dilakukan karakterisasi tanaman sebagai dasar skrining genotipe. Beberapa galur jagung telah dievaluasi pada lahan sawah di Bontomanai, Kabupaten Bantaeng, Sulawesi Selatan, pada Mei- Desember 2009, untuk melihat penampilan fenotipik karakter hasil dan komponen hasil. Percobaan ditata dalam rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan perlakuan genotipe A (X01904), B (X02804), C (X02904), D (X03404), E(X03604), F (Bima-1), G (Lamuru), H (Gumarang), dan lokal B Kuning sebagai pembanding dengan pemupukan N (dosis tinggi dan rendah) diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan N 400 kg/ha berpengaruh lebih baik terhadap karakter yang diamati dari pemupukan N 200 kg/ha. Genotipe yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi di lahan sawah adalah kultivar Lamuru (13,44 t/ha) dan X01904 (13,33 t/ha). Semua genotipe yang diuji berumur genjah (76-84 hst). Genotipe X01904, X02804, X02904, X03404, dan Bima-1 unggul dalam karakter-karakter yang diamati dibandingkan dengan varietas pembanding. Varietas pembanding (lokal) lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan genotipe yang diuji pada karakter tinggi tanaman dan tinggi letak tongkol.</p>

scholarly journals Low N use Efficiency in A Long-Term N-Fertilized Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantation Ecosystem in Subtropical China: A 14-Year Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
fangfang shen ◽  
Wenfei Liu ◽  
Honglang Duan ◽  
Chunsheng Wu ◽  
Yingchun Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Plant Organs ◽  
N Storage ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Abstract Background and aims Forests host among the most important N pools of all terrestrial ecosystems. Influences of N application on forest N cycle have received increasing concern, which is particularly problematic given the increasing atmospheric N deposition in recent decades. However, accurate assessments of N storage and recovery rates in forest ecosystems remain elusive. We selected Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook) plantation ecosystem to explore how long-term N fertilization affected the N storage and recovery rate. Methods Plots in the field have been fertilized continuously for 14 years (2004–2017) with urea at rates of 0 (N0, control), 60 (N60, low-N), 120 (N120, medium-N) and 240 (N240, high-N) kg N hm− 2a− 1. Data collected in the field include N content and biomass on various plant organs (i.e., leaves, branches, stems, roots, and bark), understorey layer and litter in the ecosystem as well as soil N content and density at different depths (0–20, 20–40 and 40–60 cm). Key results The total N storage of ecosystem in the N-fertilized treatments was 1.1–1.4 times higher than that in the unfertilized treatment after 14 years of N fertilization. About 12.36% of the total ecosystem N was stored in vegetation (plant, litter, and understorey layer) and 87.64% was stored in soil (0–60 cm). N storage varied among ecosystem components and plant organs; and the plant organs, litter, and soil had higher N storage than that in understorey layer. Significantly higher Chinese fir N uptake was found in the medium-N (1.2 times) and high-N (1.4 times) treatments than that in the control. The N recovery rate of understorey layer in the N-fertilized treatments was negative, and less than that in the control. Conclusions Application of long-term N fertilizer to this stand led to a low N recovery rate (averagely 11.39%) while high loss of N (averagely 91.86%) which indicate low N use efficiency in the Chinese fir plantation ecosystem.

Yield, N uptake, and apparent N-use efficiency of winter wheat and winter barley grown in different cropping systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SIELING ◽  
H. SCHRÖDER ◽  
M. FINCK ◽  
H. HANUS
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Increasing the efficiency with which crops use supplied nitrogen (N) can minimize the impact on the environment. In the growing seasons 1990/91 to 1992/93, the effects of different cropping systems on yield, N uptake by the grain and apparent N-use efficiency (NUE) of the grain of winter wheat and winter barley were investigated in a factorial field experiment at Hohenschulen Experimental Station near Kiel in NW Germany. The crop rotation was oilseed rape–winter wheat–winter barley, and soil tillage (conservation tillage without ploughing, conventional tillage), application of pig slurry (none, autumn, spring, autumn+spring), mineral N fertilization (0–240 kg N ha−1) and application of fungicides (none, applications against pathogens of the stems, leaves and ears) were all varied. Each year, the treatments were applied to all three crops of the rotation and were located on the same plots.Averaged over all factors, wheat yield was >7 t ha−1 dry matter in all years and N uptake of the harvested grain varied between 140 and 168 kg N ha−1. Pig slurry application in autumn increased grain yield and N uptake more than spring slurry in two out of three years. Mineral N unfertilized wheat yielded only 5·3–6·3 t ha−1 depending on the year, mineral N fertilization increased wheat yield up to 8 t ha−1. Barley yield was lower than wheat yield, ranging from 4·5 t ha−1 in 1993 to 6·3 t ha−1 in 1992. Unlike wheat, spring slurry N affected barley yield and N uptake more than autumn slurry.Wheat apparently utilized 12–21% and barley up to 13% of the applied slurry N for its grain development. In 1991, the highest apparent slurry N-use efficiency (SNUE) of wheat and barley occurred after the late spring slurry application. However, in the following years, autumn SNUE of wheat was similar to (1992) or higher than (1993) spring SNUE, presumably because of vigorous tiller growth before winter. Additionally applied mineral fertilizer N decreased SNUE.Apparent mineral fertilizer N-use efficiency (FNUE) was higher than SNUE and ranged in wheat from 40 to 59% and in barley between 19 and 37% of the applied mineral fertilizer N. FNUE decreased with increasing N fertilization.To improve the N-use efficiency of both slurry N and mineral fertilizer N, more information is needed about the combined use of both N sources, with special emphasis on split applications of slurry as is common practice for mineral N fertilizer.

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