On the participation of small-scale high performance combined heat and power plants to the Italian ancillary services market within Virtually Aggregated Mixed Units

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 122275
Author(s):  
Stefano Bracco ◽  
Enrico Bianchi ◽  
Giovanni Bianco ◽  
Alessandro Giacchino ◽  
Alessandro Ramaglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ancillary Services Market

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Pipelines Modeling in Small-Scale Concentrated Solar Combined Heat and Power Plants

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Tascioni ◽  
Luca Cioccolanti ◽  
Luca Del Zotto ◽  
Emanuele Habib
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Longitudinal Model ◽  
Lumped Model

In this paper four different detailed models of pipelines are proposed and compared to assess the thermal losses in small-scale concentrated solar combined heat and power plants. Indeed, previous numerical analyses carried out by some of the authors have revealed the high impact of pipelines on the performance of these plants because of their thermal inertia. Hence, in this work the proposed models are firstly compared to each other for varying temperature increase and mass flow rate. Such comparison shows that the one-dimensional (1D) longitudinal model is in good agreement with the results of the more detailed two-dimensional (2D) model at any temperature gradient for heat transfer fluid velocities higher than 0.1 m/s whilst the lumped model agrees only at velocities higher than 1 m/s. Then, the 1D longitudinal model is implemented in a quasi-steady-state Simulink model of an innovative microscale concentrated solar combined heat and power plant and its performances evaluated. Compared to the results obtained using the Simscape library model of the tube, the performances of the plant show appreciable discrepancies during the winter season. Indeed, whenever the longitudinal thermal gradient of the fluid inside the pipeline is high (as at part-load conditions in winter season), the lumped model becomes inaccurate with more than 20% of deviation of the thermal losses and 30% of the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) electric energy output with respect to the 1D longitudinal model. Therefore, the analysis proves that an hybrid model able to switch from a 1D longitudinal model to a zero-dimensional (0D) model with delay based on the fluid flow rate is recommended to obtain results accurate enough whilst limiting the computational efforts.

Biomass from agriculture in small-scale combined heat and power plants – A comparative life cycle assessment

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1572-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kimming ◽  
C. Sundberg ◽  
Å. Nordberg ◽  
A. Baky ◽  
S. Bernesson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment

A Flame-Assisted Fuel Cell (FFC) System With Self-Sustained Micro-Combustion at High Equivalence Ratios

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiashen Tian ◽  
Ryan J. Milcarek
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
System Performance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Theoretical Possibility ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Heat Recirculation ◽  
Power Generation Systems

Abstract Flame-assisted fuel cell (FFC) systems have been investigated and developed for small scale power generation applications. The introduction of micro-combustion into the FFC setup has potential to increase the electrical efficiency of the system and reduce the size. However, micro-combustion at high equivalence ratios in FFC systems still needs more investigation. In this paper, a FFC system with micro-combustion at high equivalence ratios is discussed. The thermal and mass balance in this system are analyzed to evaluate the theoretical possibility of self-sustained micro-combustion at high equivalence ratios in FFC systems. The effect of heat recirculation on the system performance is investigated. Due to operation at high equivalence ratios, the electrical efficiency of the system is competitive with other micro-scale power generation systems and also shows great potential for high performance micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems.

scholarly journals The Operating Strategies of Small-Scale Combined Heat and Power Plants in Liberalized Power Markets

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Atănăsoae
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Power Markets ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Operating Strategies

Distributed generation is a good option for future energy systems with respect to sustainable development. In this context, the small-scale combined heat and power (CHP) plants are seen as an efficient way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions due to lower fuel consumption compared to the separate generation of the heat and electricity. The objective of this paper is to establish operating strategies of the small-scale CHP plants to reduce operational cost and increase revenue in liberalized electricity markets. It analyzes a cogeneration plant with organic Rankine cycle and biomass fuel under the conditions of the Romanian electricity market and the green certificates support scheme for electricity generated in high efficiency cogeneration and from renewable sources. The main finding is that choosing an appropriate mode of operation and using correlated prices of heat and electricity can increase the trading profitability of a CHP plant in liberalized power markets. This can be done by an analysis of the particularities and the specific operating conditions of the CHP plant. The results show that the operating strategies of the CHP plant can yield substantial net revenues from electricity and heat sales. The CHP plant can be economically operated to a useful heat load of more than 40% when operating strategies are applied.

scholarly journals Sizing and Management of Energy Storage Systems in Large-Scale Power Plants Using Price Control and Artificial Intelligence

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3296
Author(s):  
Carlos García-Santacruz ◽  
Luis Galván ◽  
Juan M. Carrasco ◽  
Eduardo Galván
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Electric System ◽  
Fundamental Part

Energy storage systems are expected to play a fundamental part in the integration of increasing renewable energy sources into the electric system. They are already used in power plants for different purposes, such as absorbing the effect of intermittent energy sources or providing ancillary services. For this reason, it is imperative to research managing and sizing methods that make power plants with storage viable and profitable projects. In this paper, a managing method is presented, where particle swarm optimisation is used to reach maximum profits. This method is compared to expert systems, proving that the former achieves better results, while respecting similar rules. The paper further presents a sizing method which uses the previous one to make the power plant as profitable as possible. Finally, both methods are tested through simulations to show their potential.

scholarly journals Key Performance Indicators for an Energy Community Based on Sustainable Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8789
Author(s):  
Giovanni Bianco ◽  
Barbara Bonvini ◽  
Stefano Bracco ◽  
Federico Delfino ◽  
Paola Laiolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Key Performance Indicators ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Green Energy

As reported in the “Clean energy for all Europeans package” set by the EU, a sustainable transition from fossil fuels towards cleaner energy is necessary to improve the quality of life of citizens and the livability in cities. The exploitation of renewable sources, the improvement of energy performance in buildings and the need for cutting-edge national energy and climate plans represent important and urgent topics to be faced in order to implement the sustainability concept in urban areas. In addition, the spread of polygeneration microgrids and the recent development of energy communities enable a massive installation of renewable power plants, high-performance small-size cogeneration units, and electrical storage systems; moreover, properly designed local energy production systems make it possible to optimize the exploitation of green energy sources and reduce both energy supply costs and emissions. In the present paper, a set of key performance indicators is introduced in order to evaluate and compare different energy communities both from a technical and environmental point of view. The proposed methodology was used in order to assess and compare two sites characterized by the presence of sustainable energy infrastructures: the Savona Campus of the University of Genoa in Italy, where a polygeneration microgrid has been in operation since 2014 and new technologies will be installed in the near future, and the SPEED2030 District, an urban area near the Campus where renewable energy power plants (solar and wind), cogeneration units fed by hydrogen and storage systems are planned to be installed.

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