Failure analysis of carbon dioxide corrosion through wet natural gas gathering pipelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 638-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Ali Abd ◽  
Samah Zaki Naji ◽  
Atheer Saad Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Corrosion

Thermodynamic Studies of Iron Carbonate Solubility in Aqueous Monoethylene Glycol Mixtures and CO2 Atmosphere

2016 ◽  
Vol 830 ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Senna Figueiredo ◽  
Jailton Ferreira do Nascimento ◽  
Rony Oliveira de Sant'ana ◽  
Deborah Cordeiro de Andrade ◽  
Zaniel Souto Dantas Procópio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Iron Carbonate ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Monoethylene Glycol

Monoethylene glycol (MEG) is being widely applied as thermodynamic inhibitor to avoid formation of natural gas hydrates. High hydrophilicity, low toxicity, low viscosity, low solubility in liquid hydrocarbons and high capacity of dissolving salts are advantageous for the use of MEG in the natural gas production. In addition, MEG recovery can be easily achieved considering its low volatility in relation to water, which makes the process economical and environmentally feasible. The reuse of MEG is being theme of research and phase equilibrium data for the involved species are required. In this work, a experimental procedure to synthetize iron carbonate and, afterwards, determine its solubility in aqueous mixtures of MEG in the presence of carbon dioxide atmosphere have been developed. Furthermore, a series of solubility data has been measured. This work presents a worthy contribution to the description of iron carbonate aqueous solubilities in the presence of MEG and carbon dioxide, regarding the instability of the salt to respect of oxidation. Subsequently, the knowledge of the behavior of the iron carbonate solubilities is useful for the industrial unities of production of natural gas and recovery of MEG.

Energy and Exergy Analyses of a Power Plant With Carbon Dioxide Capture Using Multistage Chemical Looping Combustion

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Hassan ◽  
Oghare Victor Ogidiama ◽  
Mohammed N. Khan ◽  
Tariq Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Efficiency Gain

A thermodynamic model and parametric analysis of a natural gas-fired power plant with carbon dioxide (CO2) capture using multistage chemical looping combustion (CLC) are presented. CLC is an innovative concept and an attractive option to capture CO2 with a significantly lower energy penalty than other carbon-capture technologies. The principal idea behind CLC is to split the combustion process into two separate steps (redox reactions) carried out in two separate reactors: an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction, by introducing a suitable metal oxide which acts as an oxygen carrier (OC) that circulates between the two reactors. In this study, an Aspen Plus model was developed by employing the conservation of mass and energy for all components of the CLC system. In the analysis, equilibrium-based thermodynamic reactions with no OC deactivation were considered. The model was employed to investigate the effect of various key operating parameters such as air, fuel, and OC mass flow rates, operating pressure, and waste heat recovery on the performance of a natural gas-fired power plant with multistage CLC. The results of these parameters on the plant's thermal and exergetic efficiencies are presented. Based on the lower heating value, the analysis shows a thermal efficiency gain of more than 6 percentage points for CLC-integrated natural gas power plants compared to similar power plants with pre- or post-combustion CO2 capture technologies.

Failure analysis of ruptured pipe connected to natural gas pre-heater

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M. Shalaby ◽  
W.T. Riad ◽  
A.A. Alhazza ◽  
M.H. Behbehani
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Failure Analysis

Lifetime oriented design of natural gas offshore processing for cleaner production and sustainability: High carbon dioxide content

2018 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 269-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra de Carvalho Reis ◽  
José Luiz de Medeiros ◽  
Giovani Cavalcanti Nunes ◽  
Ofélia de Queiroz Fernandes Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Cleaner Production ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Dioxide

Hazard Assessment of the Internal Carbon Dioxide Corrosion of the Field Pipelines at the Gas and Gas Condensate Fields

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
R.R. Kantyukov ◽  
◽  
D.N. Zapevalov ◽  
R.K. Vagapov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Corrosion ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Internal Corrosion ◽  
Operating Environments ◽  
Facilities Design ◽  
Equipment And Pipelines ◽  
Intensive Development

At many gas and gas condensate fields in operation, carbon dioxide (СО2) is present in the scope of the produced products, which, in combination with the natural and technological factors, stimulates intensive development of the internal corrosion processes in the pipelines and equipment. The relevance of the development of native regulatory documentation aimed at the assessment of the corrosion effects and development of the practical recommendations for protection against carbon dioxide corrosion in the last decade is due to the development of new gas fields in Russia with a high CO2 content (including on the Russian offshore), where there is a risk of local corrosion development with a high flow rate. The presence of CO2 in the produced gas in combination with the moisture and other factors stimulates the intensive development of corrosion processes and requires careful attention to the assessment of the corrosion aggressiveness of operating environments for selecting an efficient anti-corrosion protection. This is required to ensure reliable and safe operation of the equipment and pipelines made of carbon steel. Pipe low-alloy steel of 09G2S (09Mn2Si) grade, which is the most widely used at the domestic gas facilities, is not resistant to carbon dioxide corrosion. The experience of operating foreign deposits under conditions of carbon dioxide corrosion confirms the need and efficiency of considering this corrosion aspect at the facilities design stage. Incorrect assessment and underestimation of CO2 hazard in the produced hydrocarbons in relation to steel equipment and pipelines can lead to unaccounted corrosion risks (up to the facility shutdown), significant costs for the elimination of corrosion consequences (repairs, etc.), and the need to select and justify urgent corrective measures. Accounting the Russian and international experience allows to make a reasonable choice of rational technical solutions for efficient and safe operation of the deposits in conditions of carbon dioxide corrosion.

Ultra-Low Emission Hydrogen/Syngas Combustion With a 1.3 MW Injector Using a Micro-Mixing Lean-Premix System

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Hollon ◽  
Erlendur Steinthorsson ◽  
Adel Mansour ◽  
Vincent McDonell ◽  
Howard Lee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Nitrogen Dilution ◽  
Fuel Mixtures

This paper discusses the development and testing of a full-scale micro-mixing lean-premix injector for hydrogen and syngas fuels that demonstrated ultra-low emissions and stable operation without flashback for high-hydrogen fuels at representative full-scale operating conditions. The injector was fabricated using Macrolamination technology, which is a process by which injectors are manufactured from bonded layers. The injector utilizes sixteen micro-mixing cups for effective and rapid mixing of fuel and air in a compact package. The full scale injector is rated at 1.3 MWth when operating on natural gas at 12.4 bar (180 psi) combustor pressure. The injector operated without flash back on fuel mixtures ranging from 100% natural gas to 100% hydrogen and emissions were shown to be insensitive to operating pressure. Ultra-low NOx emissions of 3 ppm were achieved at a flame temperature of 1750 K (2690 °F) using a fuel mixture containing 50% hydrogen and 50% natural gas by volume with 40% nitrogen dilution added to the fuel stream. NOx emissions of 1.5 ppm were demonstrated at a flame temperature over 1680 K (2564 °F) using the same fuel mixture with only 10% nitrogen dilution, and NOx emissions of 3.5 ppm were demonstrated at a flame temperature of 1730 K (2650 °F) with only 10% carbon dioxide dilution. Finally, using 100% hydrogen with 30% carbon dioxide dilution, 3.6 ppm NOx emissions were demonstrated at a flame temperature over 1600 K (2420 °F). Superior operability was achieved with the injector operating at temperatures below 1470 K (2186 °F) on a fuel mixture containing 87% hydrogen and 13% natural gas. The tests validated the micro-mixing fuel injector technology and the injectors show great promise for use in future gas turbine engines operating on hydrogen, syngas or other fuel mixtures of various compositions.

Evaluation of Kinetic Mechanisms for Direct Fired Supercritical Oxy-Combustion of Natural Gas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Coogan ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Aaron McClung ◽  
Wenting Sun
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Laminar Flame ◽  
Flame Speed ◽  
Laminar Flame Speed ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Reduced Mechanism ◽  
Kinetic Mechanisms

Existing kinetic mechanisms for natural gas combustion are not validated under supercritical oxy-fuel conditions because of the lack of experimental validation data. Our studies show that different mechanisms have different predictions under supercritical oxy-fuel conditions. Therefore, preliminary designers may experience difficulties when selecting a mechanism for a numerical model. This paper evaluates the performance of existing chemical kinetic mechanisms and produces a reduced mechanism for preliminary designers based on the results of the evaluation. Specifically, the mechanisms considered were GRI-Mech 3.0, USC-II, San Diego 204-10-04, NUIG-I, and NUIG-III. The set of mechanisms was modeled in Cantera and compared against the literature data closest to the application range. The high pressure data set included autoignition delay time in nitrogen and argon diluents up to 85 atm and laminar flame speed in helium diluent up to 60 atm. The high carbon dioxide data set included laminar flame speed with 70% carbon dioxide diluent and the carbon monoxide species profile in an isothermal reactor with up to 95% carbon dioxide diluent. All mechanisms performed adequately against at least one dataset. Among the evaluated mechanisms, USC-II has the best overall performance and is preferred over the other mechanisms for use in the preliminary design of supercritical oxy-combustors. This is a significant distinction; USC-II predicts slower kinetics than GRI-Mech 3.0 and San Diego 2014 at the combustor conditions expected in a recompression cycle. Finally, the global pathway selection method was used to reduce the USC-II model from 111 species, 784 reactions to a 27 species, 150 reactions mechanism. Performance of the reduced mechanism was verified against USC-II over the range relevant for high inlet temperature supercritical oxy-combustion.

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