An assessment of the European regulation on battery recycling for electric vehicles

Energy Policy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 112770
Author(s):  
Quentin Hoarau ◽  
Etienne Lorang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
European Regulation ◽  
Battery Recycling

scholarly journals A Critical Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling Processes from a Circular Economy Perspective

Batteries ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velázquez-Martínez ◽  
Valio ◽  
Santasalo-Aarnio ◽  
Reuter ◽  
Serna-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Battery Recycling ◽  
Recycling Systems ◽  
Process Complexity

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently one of the most important electrochemical energy storage devices, powering electronic mobile devices and electric vehicles alike. However, there is a remarkable difference between their rate of production and rate of recycling. At the end of their lifecycle, only a limited number of LIBs undergo any recycling treatment, with the majority go to landfills or being hoarded in households. Further losses of LIB components occur because the the state-of-the-art LIB recycling processes are limited to components with high economic value, e.g., Co, Cu, Fe, and Al. With the increasing popularity of concepts such as “circular economy” (CE), new LIB recycling systems have been proposed that target a wider spectrum of compounds, thus reducing the environmental impact associated with LIB production. This review work presents a discussion of the current practices and some of the most promising emerging technologies for recycling LIBs. While other authoritative reviews have focused on the description of recycling processes, the aim of the present was is to offer an analysis of recycling technologies from a CE perspective. Consequently, the discussion is based on the ability of each technology to recover every component in LIBs. The gathered data depicted a direct relationship between process complexity and the variety and usability of the recovered fractions. Indeed, only processes employing a combination of mechanical processing, and hydro- and pyrometallurgical steps seemed able to obtain materials suitable for LIB (re)manufacture. On the other hand, processes relying on pyrometallurgical steps are robust, but only capable of recovering metallic components.

Research on Recycling Management Model for Traction Batteries of Electric Vehicles

2013 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 358-363
Author(s):  
Yang Gao ◽  
Yu Ke Li ◽  
Song Quan Wu ◽  
Yi Fang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Management System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Recycling System ◽  
Battery Recycling ◽  
Resource Recycling ◽  
The Developed Countries

Now, the renewable resources recycling system do not include the traction battery recycling in China, and there are also some problems in the existed recycling system. In the field of resource recycling, especially for battery recycling, the management system, laws and regulations, and technical standards have been behind of the developed countries. This paper from producers self-establish the recycling system, producers alliance self-establish the recycling system and producers recycling business commission mode to discuss the recycling model for traction battery.

Editorial: Challenges on end-of-life battery recycling of electric vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 327-328
Author(s):  
Seung-Whee Rhee ◽  
Yong-Chul Jang ◽  
Jae Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Battery Recycling

scholarly journals Development of a Two-Stage Pyrolysis Process for the End-Of-Life Nickel Cobalt Manganese Lithium Battery Recycling from Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyun Zhu ◽  
Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Battery Recycling ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
Separator Material ◽  
Battery Material

With the continuous promotion of electric vehicles, the pressure to scrap vehicle batteries is increasing, especially in China, where nickel cobalt manganese lithium (NCM) batteries have gradually come to occupy a dominant position in the battery market. In this study, we propose a two-stage pyrolysis process for vehicle batteries, which aims to effectively deal with the volatilization of organic solvents, the decomposition of lithium salts in the electrolyte and the removal of the separator material and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) during battery recycling. By solving these issues, recycling is more effective, safe. Through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the pyrolysis characteristics of the battery’s internal materials are discussed, and 150 °C and 450 °C were determined as the pyrolysis temperatures of the two-stage pyrolysis process. The results show that in the first stage of pyrolysis, organic solvents EC (C4H3O3), DEC (C5H10O3) and EMC (C4H8O3) can be separated from the electrolyte. In the second stage, the pyrolysis can lead to the separator’s thermal decomposition. The gas products are alkane C2-C6, and the tar products are organic hydrocarbons C15-C36. Meanwhile, the solid residue of the battery’s internal material seems to be very homogeneous. Finally, the potential recovery value and pollution control countermeasures of the products and residues from the pyrolysis process are analyzed. Consequently, this method can effectively handle NCM vehicle battery recycling, which provides the basis for the subsequent hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical process for element recovery of the battery material.

Electric Vehicles and their Relation to Central Stations

1900 ◽  
Vol 49 (1253supp) ◽  
pp. 20087-20088
Author(s):  
H. M. Maxim
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles

Electric Vehicles: Charging Ahead

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-78
Author(s):  
Robert L. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document