Methane-rich water alleviates NaCl toxicity during alfalfa seed germination

2016 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaikai Zhu ◽  
Weiti Cui ◽  
Chen Dai ◽  
Mingzhu Wu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Nacl Toxicity

Alfalfa Seed Germination Response to Electrical Treatments 1

Crop Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Nelson ◽  
W. R. Kehr ◽  
L. E. Stetson ◽  
R. B. Stone ◽  
J. C. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Response ◽  
Alfalfa Seed

scholarly journals The Identification of Metabolites and Effects of Albendazole in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5943
Author(s):  
Lucie Raisová Stuchlíková ◽  
Martina Navrátilová ◽  
Lenka Langhansová ◽  
Kateřina Moťková ◽  
Radka Podlipná ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Anthelmintic Drug ◽  
Fodder Plants ◽  
Alfalfa Seed

Albendazole (ABZ), a widely used anthelmintic drug, enters the environment mainly via livestock excrements. To evaluate the environmental impact of ABZ, the knowledge of its uptake, effects and metabolism in all non-target organisms, including plants, is essential. The present study was designed to identify the metabolic pathway of ABZ and to test potential ABZ phytotoxicity in fodder plant alfalfa, with seeds and in vitro regenerants used for these purposes. Alfalfa was chosen, as it may meet manure from ABZ-treated animals in pastures and fields. Alfalfa is often used as a feed of livestock, which might already be infected with helminths. The obtained results showed that ABZ did not inhibit alfalfa seed germination and germ growth, but evoked stress and a toxic effect in alfalfa regenerants. Alfalfa regenerants were able to uptake ABZ and transform it into 21 metabolites. UHPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed three new ABZ metabolites that have not been described yet. The discovery of the parent compound ABZ together with the anthelmintically active and instable metabolites in alfalfa leaves shows that the contact of fodder plants with ABZ-containing manure might represent not only a danger for herbivorous invertebrates, but also may cause the development of ABZ resistance in helminths.

scholarly journals Allelopathic and Autotoxic Effects of Medicago sativa—Derived Allelochemicals

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimal Kumar Ghimire ◽  
Balkrishna Ghimire ◽  
Chang Yeon Yu ◽  
Ill-Min Chung
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Alfalfa Seed

In this study, the allelopathic properties of Medicago sativa on different weeds were investigated under in vitro conditions. The compounds involved in the autotoxicity of M. sativa were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The extracts of all concentrations inhibited the growth of the calluses of Digitaria ciliaris, Chenopodium album, Amaranthus lividus, Portulaca oleracea, and Commelina communis. Six allelopathic compounds in alfalfa were identified and quantified, and the most predominant phenolic compounds were salicylic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. Various concentrations (10−2, 10−3, and 10−5 M) of all the tested phenolic compounds exerted inhibitory effects on callus fresh weight. Rutin, salicylic acid, scopoletin, and quercetin significantly inhibited alfalfa seed germination. Of the seven identified saponins, medicagenic acid saponins exhibited the highest autotoxic effect and significantly lowered seed germination rate. Principal component analysis showed that the phenolic compounds and saponin composition significantly contributed to the different variables. The highly phytotoxic properties of the alfalfa-derived phenolic compounds and saponins indicate that these phytochemicals can be a potential source of bioherbicides.

A Rapid and Automated Fiber Optic–Based Biosensor Assay for the Detection ofSalmonella in Spent Irrigation Water Used in the Sprouting of Sprout Seeds

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIANNE F. KRAMER ◽  
DANIEL V. LIM
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Manual Labor ◽  
Processing Facility ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
The U.S

Recent outbreaks of foodborne illness have been linked to the consumption of contaminated sprouts. The spent irrigation water used to irrigate sprouts can carry many microorganisms, including pathogenic strains ofEscherichia coli andSalmonella enterica. These pathogens are believed to originate from the seeds. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recommends that sprout producers conduct microbiological testing of spent irrigation water from each production lot at least 48 h after seeds have germinated. Microbial analysis for the detection ofSalmonella is labor-intensive and takes days to complete. A rapid and automated fiber-optic biosensor assay for the detection ofSalmonella in sprout rinse water was developed in this study. Alfalfa seeds contaminated with various concentrations ofSalmonella Typhimurium were sprouted. The spent irrigation water was assayed 67 h after alfalfa seed germination with the RAPTOR (Research International, Monroe, Wash.), an automated fiber optic–based detector.Salmonella Typhimurium could be positively identified in spent irrigation water when seeds were contaminated with 50 CFU/g. ViableSalmonella Typhimurium cells were also recovered from the waveguides after the assay. This biosensor assay system has the potential to be directly connected to water lines within the sprout-processing facility and to operate automatically, requiring manual labor only for preventative maintenance. Therefore, the presence ofSalmonella Typhimurium in spent irrigation water could be continuously and rapidly detected 3 to 5 days before the completion of the sprouting process.

scholarly journals Population changes and growth modeling of Salmonella enterica during alfalfa seed germination and early sprout development

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1865-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Il Kim ◽  
Sang Don Ryu ◽  
Se-Ri Kim ◽  
Hyun-Ju Kim ◽  
Seungdon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Growth Modeling ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Alfalfa Seed

Role of heme oxygenase-1 in spermidine-induced alleviation of salt toxicity during alfalfa seed germination

2013 ◽  
Vol 375 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaikai Zhu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Weiti Cui ◽  
Qijiang Jin ◽  
Muhammad Kaleem Samma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Salt Toxicity

Alfalfa Seed Germination in Antiobiotic Agar Containing NaCl 1

Crop Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 882-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Carlson ◽  
R. L. Ditterline ◽  
J. M. Martin ◽  
D. C. Sands ◽  
R. E. Lund
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Alfalfa Seed

Sterol and phospholipid changes during alfalfa seed germination

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 2049-2053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Shar Huang ◽  
Claus Grunwald
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Alfalfa Seed

Effect of Synthetic Auxin Herbicides on Seed Development and Viability in Genetically Engineered Glyphosate-Resistant Alfalfa

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandya R. Kesoju ◽  
Rick A. Boydston ◽  
Stephanie L. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Synthetic Auxin ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Auxin Herbicides ◽  
Feral Alfalfa

Feral populations of cultivated crops have the potential to function as bridges and reservoirs that contribute to the unwanted movement of novel genetically engineered (GE) traits. Recognizing that feral alfalfa has the potential to lower genetic purity in alfalfa seed production fields when it is growing in the vicinity of foraging pollinators in alfalfa seed fields, industry has established production standards to control feral plants. However, with the commercialization of GE glyphosate-resistant (GR) alfalfa and the need to support the coexistence of both GE and conventional production, effective methods to control transgenic feral alfalfa need to be developed. Therefore, a study was conducted in 2012, 2013, and 2014 to determine the effect of several synthetic auxin herbicides on seed development in GR alfalfa. GR alfalfa, var. Genuity (R44BD16), was treated with dicamba, 2,4-D, triclopyr, and aminopyralid when alfalfa plants contained green seed pods. Two weeks after herbicide application, plants were harvested, air dried, and seed yield, seed germination, and seedling emergence from the soil were determined. In 2013, dicamba, triclopyr, and 2,4-D decreased alfalfa seed yield per plant compared wih nontreated plants, whereas in 2014, all four herbicides decreased alfalfa seed yield per plant 24 to 49% (by weight) compared with nontreated plants. The same trend was evident in 2012, but seed yield was variable and was not significantly different among treatments. Seed germination averaged 43, 50, and 72% in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively, and was not affected by the four herbicides applied at early pod-fill stage. However, seeds harvested from plants treated with dicamba, 2,4-D, and triclopyr often produced deformed and abnormal seedlings, and when planted in soil, frequently failed to emerge. The combined effects of dicamba, 2,4-D, and triclopyr in reducing seed yield, seedling emergence, and seedling growth could contribute to managing feral alfalfa populations.

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