Organohalogen compounds in human breast milk from mothers living in Payatas and Malate, the Philippines: Levels, accumulation kinetics and infant health risk

2009 ◽  
Vol 157 (6) ◽  
pp. 1924-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindan Malarvannan ◽  
Tatsuya Kunisue ◽  
Tomohiko Isobe ◽  
Agus Sudaryanto ◽  
Shin Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Organohalogen Compounds ◽  
Accumulation Kinetics

Specific accumulation of organochlorines in human breast milk from Indonesia: Levels, distribution, accumulation kinetics and infant health risk

2006 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Sudaryanto ◽  
Tatsuya Kunisue ◽  
Natsuko Kajiwara ◽  
Hisato Iwata ◽  
Tussy A. Adibroto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Specific Accumulation ◽  
Accumulation Kinetics

Organohalogen compounds in human breast milk from Republic of Buryatia, Russia

2007 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyuna V. Tsydenova ◽  
Agus Sudaryanto ◽  
Natsuko Kajiwara ◽  
Tatsuya Kunisue ◽  
Valeriy B. Batoev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Organohalogen Compounds

scholarly journals Human Breast Milk Bacteriome in Health and Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ojo-Okunola ◽  
Mark Nicol ◽  
Elloise du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Human Microbiome Project ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Diseased State ◽  
Micro Organisms

It is well-known that, beyond nutritional components, human breast milk (HBM) contains a wide variety of non-nutritive bio-factors perfectly suited for the growing infant. In the pre-2000 era, HBM was considered sterile and devoid of micro-organisms. Though HBM was not included as part of the human microbiome project launched in 2007, great strides have been made in studying the bacterial diversity of HBM in both a healthy state and diseased state, and in understanding their role in infant health. HBM provides a vast array of beneficial micro-organisms that play a key role in colonizing the infant’s mucosal system, including that of the gut. They also have a role in priming the infant’s immune system and supporting its maturation. In this review, we provide an in-depth and updated insight into the immunomodulatory, metabolic, and anti-infective role of HBM bacteriome (bacterial community) and its effect on infant health. We also provide key information from the literature by exploring the possible origin of microbial communities in HBM, the bacterial diversity in this niche and the determinants influencing the HBM bacteriome. Lastly, we investigate the role of the HBM bacteriome in maternal infectious disease (human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and mastitis)), and cancer. Key gaps in HBM bacterial research are also identified.

scholarly journals Changes in HMO Concentrations throughout Lactation: Influencing Factors, Health Effects and Opportunities

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2272
Author(s):  
Caroline Thum ◽  
Clare Rosemary Wall ◽  
Gisela Adrienne Weiss ◽  
Wendan Wang ◽  
Ignatius Man-Yau Szeto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Month Of Birth ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Mature Milk ◽  
Factors Influencing

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are important functional biomolecules in human breast milk. Understanding the factors influencing differences in HMO composition and changes in their concentration over lactation can help to design feeding strategies that are well-adapted to infant’s needs. This review summarises the total and individual concentration of HMOs from data published from 1999 to 2019. Studies show that the HMO concentrations are highest in colostrum (average 9–22 g/L), followed by slightly lower concentrations in transitional milk (average 8–19 g/L), with a gradual decline in mature milk as lactation progresses, from 6–15 g/L in breast milk collected within one month of birth, to 4–6 g/L after 6 months. Significant differences in HMO composition have been described between countries. Different HMOs were shown to be predominant over the course of lactation, e.g., 3-fucosyllactose increased over lactation, whereas 2′-fucosyllactose decreased. Recent clinical studies on infant formula supplemented with 2′-fucosyllactose in combination with other oligosaccharides showed its limited beneficial effect on infant health.

Human breast milk suppresses the transcriptional regulation of IL-1β-induced NF-κB signaling in human intestinal cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (5) ◽  
pp. C1404-C1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoko Minekawa ◽  
Takashi Takeda ◽  
Masahiro Sakata ◽  
Masami Hayashi ◽  
Aki Isobe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Activation Pathway

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which is a disease with a poor prognosis, is considered to be caused by the coincidence of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and systemic inflammation due to the colonization of pathogenic bacteria. Interleukin (IL)-8, a proinflammatory cytokine, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of NEC. It was recently reported that IL-1β activates the IL-8 gene by regulating the transcriptional nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways in intestinal cells. The protective role of maternal milk in NEC pathogenesis has been reported in both human and animal studies. In this study, we show that human breast milk dramatically suppressed the IL-1β-induced activation of the IL-8 gene promoter by inhibiting the activation pathway of NF-κB. Moreover, we also show that human breast milk induced the production of IκBα. These results suggest that human breast milk could be protective and therapeutic in neonates with NEC by inhibiting the activation pathway of NF-κB.

scholarly journals Comparison of Vitamin D and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Human Breast Milk between 1989 and 2016–2017

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Naoko Tsugawa ◽  
Mayu Nishino ◽  
Akiko Kuwabara ◽  
Honami Ogasawara ◽  
Maya Kamao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background: Breast milk is considered the optimal source of nutrition during infancy. Although the vitamin D concentration in human breast milk is generally considered poor for infants, vitamin D in breast milk is an important source for exclusively breastfed infants. Increases in vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in lactating mothers may reduce vitamin D concentrations in breast milk. This study aimed to compare vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations in breast milk collected in 1989 and 2016–2017 and simultaneously analyze them with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); the association between the lifestyle of recent lactating mothers (2016–2017) and vitamin D status in human breast milk was also evaluated. Method: Lactating mothers were recruited from three regions of Japan in 1989 (n = 72) and 2016–2017 (n = 90), and milk from 3–4 months was collected in summer and winter. The samples were strictly sealed and stored at −80℃ until measurement. Breast milk vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Vitamin D intake, sun exposure, and sunscreen use of the lactating mothers in 2016–2017 were assessed. Results: Both vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk were higher in the summer regardless of the survey year. Significantly lower vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were observed in 2016–2017 compared with 1989 in summer, but no survey year difference was observed in winter. The stepwise multiple regression analyses identified season, daily outdoor activity, and suntan in the last 12 months as independent factors associated with vitamin D3 concentrations. Conclusion: The results suggest that low vitamin D status in recent lactating mothers may have decreased vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk compared with the 1980s. These results are helpful for developing public health strategies to improve vitamin D status in lactating mothers and infants.

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