Preparing the next generation of health professionals to tackle climate change: Are China's medical students ready?

2019 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenmin Liao ◽  
Lianping Yang ◽  
Shuang Zhong ◽  
Jeremy J. Hess ◽  
Qiong Wang ◽  
...  
2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Duckworth ◽  
Sarah Hsu ◽  
Mattie Boehler-Tatman

The Lancet ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 374 (9706) ◽  
pp. 1953-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Gill ◽  
Robin Stott

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-80
Author(s):  
Rébecca Grojsman ◽  
Stefanie Schütte ◽  
Anneliese Depoux ◽  
Antoine Flahault

AbstractHealth professionals are well placed to play a key role in educating people about climate and health. This article maps existing climate change education in medical as well as public health programs, identifies gaps and proposes possible improvements. It is essential that climate and health education enter the broader curriculum as this will also be a foundational part of education and help build the next generation of global expertise needed to create a healthier and more sustainable future.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Marrauld ◽  
M Cucchi ◽  
E Lainey ◽  
A Depoux

Abstract Issue For several weeks, prophylactic messages against the extension of Covid-19 have saturated the public space. To protect populations, efficient measures have been rapidly put to limit the movement of people and manufactured goods. These policies have reduced global greenhouse gas emissions as well as air pollution, especially in China. Problem If climate change were an epidemic, we would probably have already restored it. But it results directly from the thermo-industrial activities linked to the consumption society. For Friel (Lancet, 2020), the dramatic consequences of this disturbances have to be considered as an essential health issue. She advocates for 'climate change and health alliances'. Results Within such alliances, health professionals have the responsibility (1) to describe the morbidity inherent in our thermo-industrial societies (2) to alert populations, and (3) to work with allies to tackle climate change and protect human populations, starting with the most vulnerable. This type of alliance is underway in the battle against air pollution, as it has been for years for fighting smoking. Alliances are intended to extend to all population health issues, with a complete decompartmentalization of minds and practices at large scale. Lessons Health professionals have to be mindful not to cause any harm while practicing. The health system alone produces up to 8% of global greenhouse gas in developed countries (Pichler, 2019; HCWH, 2019). There is room for action. Since 2009, the British health care system (NHS) has adopted an efficient decarbonation policy, reducing global emission from 8 to 4%, but this outstanding initiative remains an exception worldwide. Key messages A review of public health strategies is necessary to meet the energy, environmental and health issues, both in terms of health risks due to climate change and of decarbonation of care activities. Health professionals have the responsibility to alert populations and to work with allies to tackle climate change and protect human populations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Ioana CRETU ◽  
Mihaela GRIGORE ◽  
Ioana-Sadiye SCRIPCARIU

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kligler ◽  
Genevieve Pinto Zipp ◽  
Carmela Rocchetti ◽  
Michelle Secic ◽  
Erin Speiser Ihde

Abstract Background Inclusion of environmental health (EH) in medical education serves as a catalyst for preparing future physicians to address issues as complex as climate change and health, water pollution and lead contamination. However, previous research has found EH education to be largely lacking in U.S. medical education, putting future physicians at risk of not having the expertise to address patients’ environmental illnesses, nor speak to prevention. Methods Environmental health (EH) knowledge and skills were incorporated into the first-year medical school curriculum at Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine (Nutley, New Jersey), via a two-hour interactive large group learning module with follow up activities. Students completed the Environmental Health in Med School (EHMS) survey before and after the year 1 EH module. This survey evaluates medical students’ attitudes, awareness and professionalism regarding environmental health. In year 2, students completed the Environmental Health Survey II, which measured students’ perceptions of preparedness to discuss EH with future patients. The research team created both surveys based upon learning objectives that broadly aligned with the Institute of Medicine six competency-based environmental health learning objectives. Results 36 year 1 students completed both the pre and post EHMS surveys. McNemar’s test was used for paired comparisons. Results identified no statistically significant changes from pre to post surveys, identifying a dramatic ceiling. When comparing year 2, EHS II pre-survey (n = 84) and post-survey (n = 79) responses, a statistically significant positive change in students’ self-reported sense of preparedness to discuss environmental health with their patients following the curriculum intervention was noted. Conclusions Our conclusion for the EHMS in Year 1 was that the current generation of medical students at this school is already extremely aware of and concerned about the impact of environmental issues on health. Through the EHS II in Year 2, we found that the six-week environmental health module combining didactic and experiential elements significantly increased medical students’ self-reported sense of preparedness to discuss environmental health issues, including climate change, with their patients.


Author(s):  
Samuel Kwasi Opoku ◽  
Walter Leal Filho ◽  
Fudjumdjum Hubert ◽  
Oluwabunmi Adejumo

Climate change is a global problem, which affects the various geographical regions at different levels. It is also associated with a wide range of human health problems, which pose a burden to health systems, especially in regions such as Africa. Indeed, across the African continent public health systems are under severe pressure, partly due to their fragile socioeconomic conditions. This paper reports on a cross-sectional study in six African countries (Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa, Namibia, Ethiopia, and Kenya) aimed at assessing their vulnerabilities to climate change, focusing on its impacts on human health. The study evaluated the levels of information, knowledge, and perceptions of public health professionals. It also examined the health systems’ preparedness to cope with these health hazards, the available resources, and those needed to build resilience to the country’s vulnerable population, as perceived by health professionals. The results revealed that 63.1% of the total respondents reported that climate change had been extensively experienced in the past years, while 32% claimed that the sampled countries had experienced them to some extent. Nigerian respondents recorded the highest levels (67.7%), followed by Kenya with 66.6%. South Africa had the lowest level of impact as perceived by the respondents (50.0%) when compared with the other sampled countries. All respondents from Ghana and Namibia reported that health problems caused by climate change are common in the two countries. As perceived by the health professionals, the inadequate resources reiterate the need for infrastructural resources, medical equipment, emergency response resources, and technical support. The study’s recommendations include the need to improve current policies at all levels (i.e., national, regional, and local) on climate change and public health and to strengthen health professionals’ skills. Improving the basic knowledge of health institutions to better respond to a changing climate is also recommended. The study provides valuable insights which may be helpful to other nations in Sub-Saharan Africa.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S586-S587
Author(s):  
Caroline G Coleman ◽  
Timothy T Daugherty ◽  
Yooree G Chung ◽  
Angel X Xiao ◽  
Amy C Sherman ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The medical community has used Twitter as a learning tool during the COVID-19 pandemic to digest the high volume of rapidly evolving literature. However, Twitter contains educational content of varying quality and accuracy. To address this issue, we created and disseminated visual abstracts of COVID-19 literature on Twitter to educate health professionals. Methods Fellows and faculty members from multiple institutions collaborated with Emory University medical students to create visual abstracts of published COVID-19 literature (Figure 1). ID fellows and faculty identified and summarized 10-15 high-impact COVID-19 articles each week. Medical students created visual abstracts for each article, which fellows or faculty reviewed for accuracy. We disseminated them on Twitter (@JenniferSpicer4, 4,373 followers) and our website (Figure 2). We measured engagement with tweets using Twitter Analytics. Figure 1: COVID-19 Visual Abstract Example Figure 2: Website hosting COVID-19 weekly literature summaries and visual abstracts (https://med.emory.edu/departments/medicine/divisions/infectious-diseases/covid19-roundup/) Results Since March 2020, we have created, reviewed, and disseminated 139 graphics with 116 student authors and 33 fellow/faculty reviewers across three academic institutions (Table 1). Topics included public health & prevention, virology & basic science, epidemiology, transmission & infection control, clinical syndrome, diagnostics, therapeutics, vaccinology, and ethics & policy. Tweets had a median of 9,300 impressions (interquartile range [IQR] 5,432-13,233) with 766 engagements (IQR 432-1,288) and an engagement rate of 8.6% (IQR 7.1%-10.0%) (Table 2). Each tweet had a median of 25 retweets (IQR 17-38) and 55 likes (IQR 34-81). A few tweets had significantly higher metrics; maximum values were 84,257 impressions, 9,758 engagements, 19.0% engagement rate, 239 retweets, and 381 likes. In addition to disseminating graphics on Twitter, we received requests to use them as teaching aids from multiple health professionals worldwide, and the visual abstracts have been translated into Spanish and disseminated on Twitter and Instagram via @MEdSinFrontera. Table 1: Descriptive Statistics of COVID-19 Visual Series Table 2: Twitter Metrics for COVID-19 Visual Series (as of 6/10/2020) Conclusion Engagement rates with our visual abstracts were high, demonstrating the power of Twitter. ID educators can use visual abstracts to summarize and disseminate accurate information to a large audience on social media, which is especially important in the setting of an emerging infection. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  

Abstract This workshop is dedicated on SDGs in the focus of environmental and health issues, as very important and actual topic. One of the characteristics of today's societies is the significant availability of modern technologies. Over 5 billion (about 67%) people have a cellphone today. More than 4.5 billion people worldwide use the Internet, close to 60% of the total population. At the same time, one third of the people in the world does not have access to safe drinking water and half of the population does not have access to safe sanitation. The WHO at UN warns of severe inequalities in access to water and hygiene. Air, essential to life, is a leading risk due to ubiquitous pollution and contributes to the global disease burden (7 million deaths per year). Air pollution is a consequence of traffic and industry, but also of demographic trends and other human activities. Food availability reflects global inequality, famine eradication being one of the SDGs. The WHO warns of the urgency. As technology progresses, social inequality grows, the gap widens, and the environment continues to suffer. Furthermore, the social environment in societies is “ruffled” and does not appear to be beneficial toward well-being. New inequalities are emerging in the availability of technology, climate change, education. The achievement reports on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also point out to the need of reviewing individual indicators. According to the Sustainable Development Agenda, one of the goals is to reduce inequalities, and environmental health is faced by several specific goals. The Global Burden of Disease is the most comprehensive effort to date to measure epidemiological levels and trends worldwide. It is the product of a global research collaborative and quantifies the impact of hundreds of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in countries around the world. This workshop will also discuss Urban Health as a Complex System in the light of SDGs. Climate Change, Public Health impacts and the role of the new digital technologies is also important topic which is contributing to SDG3, improving health, to SDG4, allowing to provide distance health education at relatively low cost and to SDG 13, by reducing the CO2 footprint. Community Engagement can both empower vulnerable populations (so reducing inequalities) and identify the prior environmental issues to be addressed. The aim was to search for public health programs using Community Engagement tools in healthy environment building towards achievement of SDGs. Key messages Health professionals are involved in the overall process of transformation necessary to achieve the SDGs. Health professionals should be proactive and contribute to the transformation leading to better health for the environment, and thus for the human population.


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