China is establishing its water quality standards for enhancing protection of aquatic life in freshwater ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
Fuhong Sun ◽  
Yunsong Mu ◽  
Kenneth M.Y. Leung ◽  
Hailei Su ◽  
Fengchang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Aquatic Life

Pollutant Toxicity to Aquatic Animals - Methods of Study and Their Applications

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Abel
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Sublethal Toxicity ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Aquatic Animals ◽  
Lethal Toxicity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Toxicological Data

AbstractThe toxicity of water pollutants to aquatic animals is reviewed, with particular emphasis on methods for measuring lethal toxicity, factors influencing toxicity, the measurement of chronic and sublethal toxicity, and the role of toxicological data in formulating water quality standards. Methods for measuring lethal toxicity are well established and have been applied to a wide range of fish and invertebrate species. Their applications and limitations are discussed. The measurement of sublethal toxicity employs very diverse techniques ranging from biochemical to the use of experimental ecosystems. Profitable techniques are those which possess one or more of the characteristics: sensitivity, specificity, ecological relevance. A large data base now exists on the toxicity of pollutants to aquatic species, singly and in combination, and on the effects of environmental conditions, and interspecific and intraspecific biotic factors. Toxicological data and information from field studies are complementary, and their use in formulating water quality standards for the preservation of aquatic life is discussed.

scholarly journals Pharmaceuticals and personal care products as emerging micropollutants in Brazilian surface waters: a preliminary snapshot on environmental contamination and risks

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1SI) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Fabriz Sodré ◽  
Priscila Mendonça Dutra ◽  
Viviane Portela Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Effect Concentration

The present work intended to present a preliminary snapshot on the contamination of Brazilian surface waters by pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Data were collected elsewhere for Measured Environmental Concentrations (MEC) in surface waters and Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC). Prioritization was based on risk assessment, where MEC/PNEC ratios higher than 1.0 indicate a positive risk, values below 0.1 indicate absence of risk and intermediate values, potential risk. Results revealed that hormones, antibiotics drugs and triclosan should be prioritized to subsidize the generation of water quality standards to protect aquatic life.

Formulation of Water Quality Standards to Protect Aquatic Life

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (S1) ◽  
pp. 83-84
Author(s):  
R Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
General Rules

Water quality standards for aquatic life protection are required only for those chemicals which are likely to occur in harmful concentrations within the aquatic environment. The first requirement is to define the extent to which the aquatic ecosystem is to be protected; three broad categories which might be appropriate are described. The appropriate standard should be set on the basis of a 95 percentile compliance. This concentration might be greater than the NOEC for the most sensitive life stage of the most sensitive species, as measured by exposure to a constant concentration of the chemical under laboratory conditions. The standards should be firmly based on laboratory and field data, and be internally consistent. Some recent EPA standards have erred in this respect. Two general rules which apply to the validity of standards are outlined. Standards should take into account the effect of significant modifying variables such as water hardness and pH. The application of safety factors to the NOEC depends in part on the value of the resource to be protected. For those substances which are bioaccumulated to a significant extent, standards should be based on animal tissue concentration and not on aqueous concentration.

scholarly journals Assessment of Quality of Groundwater in Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi Areas of Pudukkottai District, Tamilnadu, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 898-904
Author(s):  
D. Ilangeswaran ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
D. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Groundwater Samples

Various samples of groundwater were collected from different areas of Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi of Pudukkottai District, Tamilnadu and analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. The results of this analysis were compared with the water quality standards of ISI, WHO and CPHEEO. In this analysis the various physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, Cl-, F-, SO42-, PO43-, NO3-, NO2-, CN-, Nas+, K+, NH3, Mn, Fe, Ca & Mg hardnessetc., were determined using standard procedures. The quality of groundwater samples were discussed with respect to these parameters and thus an attempt were made to ascertain the quality of groundwater used for drinking and cooking purposes in and around Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi areas.

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