Omental torsion, an overlooked differential diagnosis of acute abdomen in children. A case series

Background. Torsion of greater omentum is a quite uncommon cause of acute abdomen. It can be primary or secondary but in both cases omentum twists upon itself and causes omental segmentary or diffuse necrosis. Symptoms are unspecific and preoperative diagnosis is difficult. The widespread and increasing use of computer tomography (CT) in differential diagnosis of acute abdomen can be useful for making a specific diagnosis.Objectives. This work aims to describe primary omental torsion in order to help avoid misdiagnosis, especially with acute appendicitis, which is eventually based solely on a physical examination.Case Report. We present a case of primary omental torsion in a young man and discuss contemporary methods in diagnosis and management of the condition.Conclusions. When a right diagnosis has been posed, possible treatments for omental torsion and necrosis are two: conservative or surgical. Conservative treatment had been rarely carried out because of frequent and important sequelae just like abdominal abscesses. Nowadays, surgical treatment, laparoscopic or laparotomic, is preferred because it is a safe method in diagnosis and management of this condition.

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An infected urachal cyst is a rare differential diagnosis for an acute abdomen in adult female: a case report

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20161345 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1655-1656

Author(s):

Ramesh Bettaiah ◽

Shraddha Kurkuri ◽

M. Chandramouli

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Case Report ◽

Acute Abdomen ◽

Adult Female ◽

Urachal Cyst ◽

Rare Differential Diagnosis

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Caecal volvulus: untwisting the mystery

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2020-237165 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. e237165

Author(s):

Martha Sara Kedrzycki ◽

Jaya Roy Choudhury ◽

Sherif Hakky

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Small Bowel ◽

Closed Loop ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Case Series ◽

University Hospital ◽

Single Centre ◽

Bowel Ischaemia ◽

Prompt Treatment ◽

Mobile Cecum

Caecal volvulus is an infrequent cause of acute surgical abdomen, where an abnormally mobile cecum twists on its own axis. It can lead to the development of closed-loop obstruction, small bowel ischaemia and perforation. Early recognition and prompt treatment is key; however, due to the rarity of this pathology, it is seldom listed as a differential diagnosis. Here, we present a single-centre case series of two patients presenting with caecal volvulus to an Emergency Surgery Unit at a University Hospital.

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Cardiac Outpouchings: Definitions, Differential Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Approach

Cardiology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2021/6792643 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Riccardo Scagliola ◽

Gian Marco Rosa ◽

Sara Seitun

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Therapeutic Approach ◽

Tissue Characterization ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Search Data ◽

Data Location

Background and Aims. Cardiac outpouchings encounter a series of distinct congenital or acquired entities (i.e. aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms, diverticula, and herniations), whose knowledge is still poorly widespread in clinical practice. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview focusing on definition, differential diagnosis, and prognostic outcomes of cardiac outpouchings, as well as further insights on therapeutic options, in order to assist physicians in the most appropriate decision-making. Methods. The material reviewed was obtained by the following search engines: MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Clinical Trials databases, from January 1966 until March 2021. We searched for the following keywords (in title and/or abstract): (“cardiac” OR “heart”) AND (“outpouching” OR “outpouch” OR “aneurysm” OR “pseudoaneurysm” OR “false aneurysm” OR “diverticulum” OR “herniation”). Review articles, original articles, case series, and case reports with literature review were included in our search. Data from patients with congenital or acquired cardiac outpouchings, from prenatal to geriatric age range, were investigated. Results. Out of the 378 papers initially retrieved, 165 duplicates and 84 records in languages other than English were removed. Among the 129 remaining articles, 76 were included in our research material, on the basis of the following inclusion criteria: (a) papers pertaining to the research topic; (b) peer-reviewed articles; (c) using standardized diagnostic criteria; and (d) reporting raw prevalence data. Location, morphologic features, wall motion abnormalities, and tissue characterization were found to have a significant impact in recognition and differential diagnosis of cardiac outpouchings as well as to play a significant role in defining their natural history and prognostic outcomes. Conclusions. Careful recognition of cardiac outpouchings remains a diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. Due to a broad cluster of distinctive and heterogeneous entities, their knowledge and timely recognition play a pivotal role in order to provide the most appropriate clinical management and therapeutic approach.

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Childhood Pilomatrixoma: Case Series from a Single Center

Trends in Pediatrics ◽

10.5222/tp.2020.43534 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Begümhan Demir Gündoğan ◽

Fatih Sağcan ◽

Mehmet Alakaya ◽

Ferah Tuncel Daloğlu ◽

Elvan Çağlar Çıtak

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Medical Records ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Case Series ◽

Neck Region ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Common Causes ◽

Institutional Experience ◽

History Of ◽

Associated Conditions

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to describe our institutional experience with pilomatrixoma in children, specifically examining its clinical presentation, associated conditions, radiological and pathological findings and attract attention to differential diagnosis for this tumor. METHODS: The medical records of 52 patients were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: There were a total of 62 tumors in 52 children. The median age at excision was 9.5 years old. Tumors were predominantly located in head and neck region (48.4%). One patient had a family history of pilomatrixoma. One patient had Turner Syndrome and one had Tuberous Sclerosis complex. Fifty-four lesions were examined by ultrasonography (USG). Pilomatrixoma was considered in the differential diagnosis in eight patients (15.3%) by a radiologist. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Pilomatrixoma is one of the most common causes of superficial masses in children. It should be kept in mind for differential diagnosis in children with superficial masses.

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Jejunal Diverticulosis with Perforation – A Challenging Differential Diagnosis of Acute Abdomen: Case Report

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2015/11210.5541 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kiruthiga Natarajan

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Case Report ◽

Acute Abdomen ◽

Jejunal Diverticulosis

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Fetal Macrocephaly: A Novel Sonographic Finding in Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy

American Journal of Perinatology Reports ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1716742 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (03) ◽

pp. e294-e299

Author(s):

Shiri Shinar ◽

Parry Balakumar ◽

Vibhuti Shah ◽

Karen Chong ◽

Tami Uster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Myotonic Dystrophy ◽

Case Series ◽

Single Center ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Biparietal Diameter ◽

Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy ◽

Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean

Abstract Objective Sonographic clues to the diagnosis of congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) are limited, particularly in the absence of family history of myotonic dystrophy (DM). We reviewed cases of CDM for unique prenatal findings. Study Design A single-center case series of fetuses with CMD with characteristic prenatal findings confirmed postnatally. Results Four fetuses with pre- or postnatally diagnosed CDM presented with macrocephaly in utero. While head measurements were appropriate for gestational age until midgestation, third-trimester head circumference and biparietal diameter were both >2 standard deviation (SD) above the mean in all. Abdominal and femur measurements were otherwise appropriate for gestation. Postnatally, the occipitofrontal circumference was >2 SD above the mean in all, confirming the diagnosis of macrocephaly. Conclusion CDM should be included in the differential diagnosis of third-trimester macrocephaly, especially in the presence of additional sonographic clues and when maternal medical history and physical examination are suggestive of DM.

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