Time-varying model of self-discharge in a double layer supercapacitor with blocking layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 102730
Author(s):  
Sara Hamedi ◽  
Teymoor Ghanbari ◽  
Ehsan Moshksar ◽  
Zahra Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Blocking Layer

scholarly journals Energy-Optimal Braking Control Using a Double-Layer Scheme for Trajectory Planning and Tracking of Connected Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoxuan Dong ◽  
Weichao Zhuang ◽  
Guodong Yin ◽  
Liwei Xu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Dynamic Programming Algorithm ◽  
Programming Algorithm ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control

AbstractMost researches focus on the regenerative braking system design in vehicle components control and braking torque distribution, few combine the connected vehicle technologies into braking velocity planning. If the braking intention is accessed by the vehicle-to-everything communication, the electric vehicles (EVs) could plan the braking velocity for recovering more vehicle kinetic energy. Therefore, this paper presents an energy-optimal braking strategy (EOBS) to improve the energy efficiency of EVs with the consideration of shared braking intention. First, a double-layer control scheme is formulated. In the upper-layer, an energy-optimal braking problem with accessed braking intention is formulated and solved by the distance-based dynamic programming algorithm, which could derive the energy-optimal braking trajectory. In the lower-layer, the nonlinear time-varying vehicle longitudinal dynamics is transformed to the linear time-varying system, then an efficient model predictive controller is designed and solved by quadratic programming algorithm to track the original energy-optimal braking trajectory while ensuring braking comfort and safety. Several simulations are conducted by jointing MATLAB and CarSim, the results demonstrated the proposed EOBS achieves prominent regeneration energy improvement than the regular constant deceleration braking strategy. Finally, the energy-optimal braking mechanism of EVs is investigated based on the analysis of braking deceleration, battery charging power, and motor efficiency, which could be a guide to real-time control.

Cracking at the fold in double layer coated paper: the influence of latex and starch composition

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
SEYYED MOHAMMAD HASHEMI NAJAFI ◽  
DOUGLAS BOUSFIELD, ◽  
MEHDI TAJVIDI
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Double Layers ◽  
Coated Paper ◽  
Coated Papers ◽  
Coating Layers ◽  
Scanned Images ◽  
Packaging Paper

Cracking at the fold of publication and packaging paper grades is a serious problem that can lead to rejection of product. Recent work has revealed some basic mechanisms and the influence of various parameters on the extent of crack area, but no studies are reported using coating layers with known mechanical properties, especially for double-coated systems. In this study, coating layers with different and known mechanical properties were used to characterize crack formation during folding. The coating formulations were applied on two different basis weight papers, and the coated papers were folded. The binder systems in these formulations were different combinations of a styrene-butadiene latex and mixtures of latex and starch for two different pigment volume concentrations (PVC). Both types of papers were coated with single and double layers. The folded area was scanned with a high-resolution scanner while the samples were kept at their folded angle. The scanned images were analyzed within a constant area. The crack areas were reported for different types of papers, binder system and PVC values. As PVC, starch content, and paper basis weight increased, the crack area increased. Double layer coated papers with high PVC and high starch content at the top layer had more cracks in comparison with a single layer coated paper, but when the PVC of the top layer was low, cracking area decreased. No measurable cracking was observed when the top layer was formulated with a 100% latex layer.

A Survey on Crypto-Steganographic Schemes and A Use Case in Healthcare System

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Mei Ling Phang ◽  
Swee Huay Heng
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Information Assets

Information sharing has become prevalent due to the expansion of social networking in this 21st century. However, electronic devices are vulnerable to various kinds of attacks. Information might be disclosed, modified and accessed by an unauthorised third party which consequently leads to the breach of confidentiality, integrity and availability of the information. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to employ the technology of cryptography and steganography to protect information assets. Cryptography and steganography have weaknesses when they are working alone. Therefore, crypto-steganography, the combination of cryptography and steganography are introduced to overcome the weaknesses in order to provide a double layer of security and protection. This paper provides a general overview of steganography and cryptography as well as a comparison analysis of different crypto-steganographic schemes. A secure crypto-steganographic system for healthcare is then developed with the implementation and integration of the secure crypto-steganographic scheme proposed by Juneja and Sandhu. This healthcare system enables users to store and deliver message in a more secure way while achieving the main goals of both cryptography and steganography.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document