scholarly journals Protecting the ego: Motivated information selection and updating

2022 ◽  
pp. 104007
Author(s):  
Alessandro Castagnetti ◽  
Renke Schmacker
Keyword(s):  
Information Selection

scholarly journals A question of credibility – Effects of source cues and recommendations on information selection on news sites and blogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Winter ◽  
Nicole C. Krämer
Keyword(s):  
Selective Exposure ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Source Cues

AbstractInternet users have access to a multitude of science-related information – on journalistic news sites but also on blogs with user-generated content. In this context, we investigated in two studies the factors which influence laypersons’ selective exposure (

scholarly journals “Social Information Science” – as a concept for assimilating Smart Internet Usage in a Multi-Cultural Society : The Case of Israel

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Shifra Baruchson-Arbib
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Community Centers ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
Medical Issues ◽  
The Individual

The present paper discusses Social Information Science, an innovative field of study, which can enhance assimilation of smart internet usage in multi-cultural countries such as Israel. Social Information Science (S.I.) deals with the development ,theory and applications relating to the retrieval and processing of social and medical information, training “social information scientists,” as well as the development of SI mediation services such as SI banks, SI sections in schools ,public libraries, hospitals, community centers, and private services. Together, these concerted efforts aim to establish a modern information-oriented climate in which stressful social and medical issues are handled through the retrieval and use of reliable information as the basis for knowledgeable decision making. Mediation services demonstrate the potential and risks involved in internet usage, as well as the importance of information-based decisions. Social Information Science will help train people to conduct their daily life decisions on the basis of information selection and self-responsibility- which is a step forward in the evolvement and empowerment the individual.

scholarly journals The American press about the soviet industrialization in 1920-1930s

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Olga Olegovna Rezanenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
American Press ◽  
The Usa ◽  
American Society

Press releases nature about the soviet industrialization, business and political circles and intellectuals reaction to the changes in the USSR during the 1920-1930s and deciding factors of the five-year plans perception by the Americans are determined and analyzed in this work. American periodicals, diplomatic correspondence of the Peoples Commissariat for Foreign Affairs (NKID) as well as materials of soviet propaganda are of particular importance for this research. On the basis of these sources the following conclusions were drawn: the American public had different views on the Soviet industrialization. Positive estimations were based on the real progress (new plants construction, improvement of the quality of life). Negative - on disparities between Soviet and American standards of labor productivity and quality, management, discipline, etc. Authors personal sympathies to the Soviet regime, artificial information selection by soviet censorship, political, social and economic environment in the USA influenced on the American public opinion. Soviet propaganda methods in order to form proper views in American society in that period were not substantial.

INFORMATION OVERLAP IN MULTILINGUAL WIKIPEDIA AND SUMMARIZATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 383-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELENA FILATOVA
Keyword(s):  
Question Answering ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
Training Corpus ◽  
Selection Systems ◽  
Pyramid Model ◽  
Selection Tasks ◽  
Summarization System

Wikipedia is used as a training corpus for many information selection tasks: summarization, question-answering, etc. The information presented in Wikipedia articles as well as the order in which this information is presented, is treated as the gold standard and is used for improving the quality of information selection systems. However, the Wikipedia articles corresponding to the same entry (person, location, event, etc.) written in different languages have substantial differences regarding what information is included in these articles. In this paper we analyze the regularities of information overlap among the articles about the same Wikipedia entry written in different languages: some information facts are covered in the Wikipedia articles in many languages, while others are covered only in a few languages. We introduce a hypothesis that the structure of this information overlap is similar to the information overlap structure (pyramid model) used in summarization evaluation, as well as the information overlap/repetition structure used to identify important information for multidocument summarization. We prove the correctness of our hypothesis by building a summarization system according to the presented information overlap hypothesis. This system summarizes English Wikipedia articles given the articles about the same Wikipedia entries written in other languages. To evaluate the quality of the created summaries, we use Amazon Mechanical Turk as the source of human subjects who can reliably judge the quality of the created text. We also compare the summaries generated according to the information overlap hypothesis against the lead line baseline which is considered to be the most reliable way to generate summaries of Wikipedia articles. The summarization experiment proves the correctness of the introduced multilingual Wikipedia information overlap hypothesis.

Selective Exposure Theories

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Jomini Stroud
Keyword(s):  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Information Selection

This chapter provides an overview of the theory of selective exposure, the idea that people purposefully select messages matching their beliefs. After reviewing several psychological explanations for why the phenomenon occurs, the chapter turns to describing various forms of selective exposure. Selective exposure can be studied in terms of whether people select news or entertainment, the issues about which people seek information, which medium is selected in obtaining information, and the extent to which like-minded information is preferred. Numerous moderators of the links between citizens’ beliefs and their information selection are presented. Next, the chapter details four different methodological techniques that have been used to study selective exposure. Finally, the chapter outlines a host of unanswered questions about selective exposure for future researchers to tackle.

Credibility or Convenience? Political Information Choices in a Media-Saturated Environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim E. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Political Information ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Research

This article considers how a range of personal characteristics (media scepticism, political interest, need for cognition and media gratifications) influence the political information choices of Australians. Data collection was conducted in Brisbane via a postal survey during March and April 2008. The data revealed that the characteristics associated with information quality have very little influence on media use patterns, indicating that use of the media appears to occur simply as a consequence of other everyday life practices, rather than as an information-seeking activity. People regularly use media they do not trust to find out about politics, calling into question the previously assumed centrality of trust to information choices. If convenience trumps credibility in information selection, the importance of media literacy is heightened. The findings also emphasise the need for more holistic contexts for media research, which consider the broader social contexts and practices in which media-oriented behaviours occur.

scholarly journals Pedagogical conditions for the formation of professional competence of future Specialists Majoring in information and communication technologies

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Alla Hafiiak ◽  
Marina Dyachenko-Bohun ◽  
Olexander Mikheienko ◽  
Andrii Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
Cognitive Information ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Selection Of

The article describes the creation of pedagogical conditions for the formation of professional competence of the future specialists majoring in information and communication technologies. The purpose of this article is to investigate the conditions facilitating the formation of professional competence of future specialists majoring in information and communication technologies, to create and use application software aimed at increasing the efficiency as well as the degree of automation for providing educational services. According to the purpose, the following tasks have been assigned: pedagogical conditions for the formation of the professional competence of future specialists majoring in information and communication technologies have been proposed; the complex of circumstances necessary for ensuring positive dynamics in the formation of the professional competence of future specialists majoring in information and communication technologies has been studied; some ways of improving the formation of the professional competence of future specialists majoring in information and communication technologies have been considered; the ways of raising the professional skills level (proficiency level) of higher education applicants through the development of software applications for educational purposes have been analysed; the project alongside with the software that automates and optimizes the tasks of the subjects of the educational process as well as provides an opportunity to receive relevant and timely information concerning the organization of the educational process have been elaborated; a client-centred education schedule for students of higher education institutions has been developed, taking into account the specificities of the optimal online route. The project includes the following stages: preparatory (cognitive-information), selection of days, time, audience (issues), hierarchyzation of these issues, selection of starting and ending points of the route, after which the route scheme and its optimization are developed. The development of the route scheme and the elaboration of its software are inextricably linked parallel processes. Keywords: information system, specialists, software, higher education institution, information and communication technologies.

Open Source, Crowdsourcing, and Public Engagement

2012 ◽  
pp. 181-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen K. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
The Public ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Three Components

This chapter is an investigation of open source, crowdsourcing, and public engagement in the public and nonprofit sectors through four cases: (1) Changemakers competitions, (2) Peer to Patent in the U.S., (3) Future Melbourne 2020 in Australia, and (4) Idea Box in Japan. Macintosh’s (2004) case analytical framework is adopted to systematically document the four cases for comparisons. From the literature three components are identified to understand the open source and crowdsourcing models: initiator, mechanism for information selection, and beneficiary. Three components are used to examine how governments or nonprofits adopt the open source model or crowdsourcing model to facilitate public engagement. The conclusion is that different designs of the projects might lead to different scales of public engagement, defined by Savar & Denhardt (2010). Finally, some potential issues and challenges of implementing the open source and crowdsourcing models to facilitate engagement in public affairs are discussed.

Selective Exposure Theories

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Jomini Stroud
Keyword(s):  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Information Selection

This chapter provides an overview of the theory of selective exposure, the idea that people purposefully select messages matching their beliefs. After reviewing several psychological explanations for why the phenomenon occurs, the chapter turns to describing various forms of selective exposure. Selective exposure can be studied in terms of whether people select news or entertainment, the issues about which people seek information, which medium is selected in obtaining information, and the extent to which like-minded information is preferred. Numerous moderators of the links between citizens’ beliefs and their information selection are presented. Next, the chapter details four different methodological techniques that have been used to study selective exposure. Finally, the chapter outlines a host of unanswered questions about selective exposure for future researchers to tackle.

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