Assessment of cognitive impairment with the cognitive assessment interview (CAI) was useful for identifying poor psychosocial functioning outcome in patients with psychosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S106-S107
Author(s):  
A. Sánchez-Torres ◽  
M.R. Elosúa ◽  
R. Lorente-Omeñaca ◽  
L. Moreno-Izco ◽  
V. Peralta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Assessment Interview ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionCognitive impairments clearly impact the daily functioning of patients with psychosis.ObjectivesTo assess cross-sectionally whether there are differences in the cognitive domains assessed with the CAI, for considering the real-world functioning of a sample of patients with psychosis.MethodsThe sample consisted of 76 patients with a DSM-IV psychotic disorder. Patients were assessed with the cognitive assessment interview (CAI), which is an interview-based measure of cognitive functioning that is intermediate between cognitive functioning and daily functioning, and three subscales of the specific levels of functioning (SLOF), an informant-rated measure of functioning. The CAI was used to assess the patient and an informant, and these scores were integrated into a rater composite score. We divided the sample by a median-split procedure for each of the three functional domains, and then applied ANOVAs to compare the two groups (impaired/not impaired) in the six cognitive domains of the CAI: working memory, attention, verbal memory, problem solving, processing speed, and social cognition.ResultsWe found significant differences between the impaired vs. non-impaired groups in most of the cognitive domains assessed with the CAI (Fig. 1).ConclusionsInterview-based assessment of cognition with the CAI allows for the prediction of everyday functioning in patients with psychosis. Impairment in almost all CAI cognitive domains, except for social cognition, was associated with poorer psychosocial functioning.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Neuropersonaltrainer-mh: A New Computerized Platform for the Cognitive Remediation in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S23-S23
Author(s):  
N. Cardoner ◽  
A. Cebria ◽  
C. Lopez-Sola ◽  
M. Serra-Blasco ◽  
C. Massons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Competing Interest

Schizophrenia and mood disorders -including unipolar depression and bipolar disorder-, are severe mental diseases with a highly heterogeneous symptomatology, among which cognitive dysfunction has progressively emerged as a key cornerstone. Patients suffering from these illnesses show significant deficits in different neurocognitive and social cognition domains. These deficits are evident during acute episodes, and in a high percentage of patients persist in periods of recovery, playing a decisive role on functional and clinical outcome. Nowadays, different pharmacological therapies have been tested, obtaining non-conclusive results. In this context, non-pharmacological strategies, such as neurocognitive remediation, have emerged as promising therapeutic intervention. Neurocognitive remediation comprises a program to rehabilitate cognitively impaired subjects, aiming either to restore their cognitive functioning or to compensate them in specific cognitive domains. One evolving approach, beginning to receive attention for its initial promising results, is computerized cognitive training. This technique employs tasks or games that exercise a particular brain function which target specific neural networks in order to improve cognitive functioning through neuroplasticity in a given neural circuit. In this scenario, we report our recent results with neuropersonaltrainer®-MH; a module for neurocognitive remediation consisting in a computerized telerehabilitation platform that enables cognitive remediation programs to be carried out in an intensive and personalized manner. Our group has applied NPTMH® in a pilot study treating patients with early onset psychotic disorder with positive and promising results, involving an improvement in functionality, neurocognition, and social cognition performance. Furthermore, new trials in bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder have been recently started.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Associations between cognition in parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and their 7-year old high-risk offspring

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s813-s813
Author(s):  
A.N. Greve ◽  
J.R.M. Jepsen ◽  
V. Bliksted ◽  
E.L. Rasmussen ◽  
D. Gantriis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionNeurocognitive and social cognitive impairments are central characteristics of schizophrenia and, to a lesser extent, of bipolar disorder. Birth cohorts and familial high risk studies have described cognitive impairments in subjects before onset of diagnosis as well as in children with increased genetic risk for development of the disorders.ObjectivesTo our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the correlations between neurocogntion and social cognition in parents and offspring simultaneously and with the same methodology. We will divide the parents into subgroups (cognitive impairment and good cognitive functioning) and use these subgroups to describe correlations with their offspring. Identifying associations between parents and offspring can add important clues to risk factors for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and, on the long-term, help the development of more effective and potentially preventive treatments.MethodsThis study is part of the Danish high risk and resilience study–VIA7. The VIA7 cohort consists of 522 children age 7 with zero, 1 or 2 parents diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and both of their biological parents. We assessed neurocognition and social cognition with a comprehensive test battery including: intelligence (RIST), executive functions (WAIS-IV, D-KEFS, CANTAB), verbal memory (TOMAL2), attention, emotion recognition, decision making and response control (CANTAB), theory of mind (animated triangles) and social perception (TASIT). Parental subgroups were based on the 95% CI of the controls (cognitive impairment < 95%CI and good cognitive functioning > 95% CI).ResultsData analysis is ongoing and results will be presented at the conference.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The cognitive profile of behavioural variant FTD and its similarities with ALS: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 995-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Beeldman ◽  
Joost Raaphorst ◽  
Michelle Klein Twennaar ◽  
Rosanne Govaarts ◽  
Yolande A L Pijnenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Profile ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cognitive Profiles ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Visual Comparison

Approximately 30% of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have cognitive impairment and 8%–14% fulfil the criteria for behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bv-FTD). The cognitive profiles of ALS and bv-FTD have been reported to be comparable, but this has never been systematically investigated. We aimed to determine the cognitive profile of bv-FTD and examine its similarities with that of ALS, to provide evidence for the existence of a cognitive disease continuum encompassing bv-FTD and ALS. We therefore systematically reviewed neuropsychological studies on bv-FTD patients and healthy volunteers. Neuropsychological tests were divided in 10 cognitive domains and effect sizes were calculated for all domains and compared with the cognitive profile of ALS by means of a visual comparison and a Pearson’s r correlation coefficient. We included 120 studies, totalling 2425 bv-FTD patients and 2798 healthy controls. All cognitive domains showed substantial effect sizes, indicating cognitive impairment in bv-FTD patients compared to healthy controls. The cognitive domains with the largest effect sizes were social cognition, verbal memory and fluency (1.77–1.53). The cognitive profiles of bv-FTD and ALS (10 cognitive domains, 1287 patients) showed similarities on visual comparison and a moderate correlation 0.58 (p=0.13). When social cognition, verbal memory, fluency, executive functions, language and visuoperception were considered, i.e. the cognitive profile of ALS, Pearson’s r was 0.73 (p=0.09), which raised to 0.92 (p=0.03), when language was excluded in this systematic analysis of patients with a non-language subtype of FTD. The cognitive profile of bv-FTD consists of deficits in social cognition, verbal memory, fluency and executive functions and shows similarities with the cognitive profile of ALS. These findings support a cognitive continuum encompassing ALS and bv-FTD.

scholarly journals Classical galactosemia: neuropsychological and psychosocial functioning beyond intellectual abilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mendy M. Welsink-Karssies ◽  
Kim J. Oostrom ◽  
Merel E. Hermans ◽  
Carla E. M. Hollak ◽  
Mirian C. H. Janssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Classical Galactosemia ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Intellectual Abilities

Abstract Background Despite early diagnosis and treatment, Classical Galactosemia (CG) patients frequently develop long-term complications, such as cognitive impairment. Available literature primarily reports on general intellectual abilities and shows a substantially lower Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) in CG patients than in the general population. Both problems in social functioning as well as internalizing problems are often reported in CG patients. The combination of intelligence, cognitive functioning, behavior and social functioning has not been studied systematically in CG patients. Methods To determine if CG patients demonstrate a specific neuropsychological and psychosocial profile, we investigated intelligence, functioning on multiple cognitive domains, behavior and social functioning with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and questionnaires (self- and proxy-reported). Results The data of 48 patients, aged 4–47 years are reported. FSIQ ranged from 45 to 103 (mean 77 ± 14). A negative correlation between age and FSIQ was demonstrated (p = 0.037) which resulted directly from the inclusion of four young ‘milder’ patients detected by newborn screening (NBS) with an expected better clinical outcome. Compared to normative data, patients had significantly lower but highly variable scores on all cognitive domains, especially on tests requiring mental speed. In the context of the FSIQ, 43% of the cognitive test results exceeded IQ based expectations. Overall, the patients’ scores on social functioning were in the normal range but internalizing problems were frequently reported. In our cohort, an early initiation of dietary treatment due to NBS or family screening did not result in a more favorable neuropsychological outcome. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated that as a cohort, CG patients have a below average intelligence and impaired cognitive functioning without a distinctive neuropsychological profile. The effect of age on neurocognitive functioning should be assessed in longitudinal studies. Social functioning was not impaired, but patients may be at risk for internalizing problems. Considering the large variability in cognitive, behavioral and social functioning and the finding that cognitive outcomes may exceed IQ based expectations, an individual evaluation and follow-up is warranted in all CG patients to ensure timely support if needed.

scholarly journals Empirical evidence for cognitive subgroups in body dysmorphic disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-390
Author(s):  
Amy Malcolm ◽  
Sarah N Brennan ◽  
Sally A Grace ◽  
Toni D Pikoos ◽  
Wei Lin Toh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Cognitive Heterogeneity

Objective: Current understanding of cognitive functioning in body dysmorphic disorder is limited, owing to few studies, small sample sizes and assessment across only limited cognitive domains. Existing research has also shown inconsistent findings, with both intact and impaired cognition reported in body dysmorphic disorder, which might point towards cognitive heterogeneity in the disorder. This study aimed to examine the cognitive profile of body dysmorphic disorder in a large sample across eight cognitive domains, and to explore whether cognitive subgroups might be identified within body dysmorphic disorder. Method: Cognitive domains of inhibition/flexibility, working memory, speed of processing, reasoning and problem-solving, visual and verbal learning, attention/vigilance and social cognition were assessed and compared between 65 body dysmorphic disorder patients and 70 healthy controls. Then, hierarchical clustering analysis was conducted on the body dysmorphic disorder group’s cognitive data. Results: Group-average comparisons demonstrated significantly poorer cognitive functioning in body dysmorphic disorder than healthy controls in all domains except for attention/vigilance and social cognition. Cluster analysis identified two divergent cognitive subgroups within our body dysmorphic disorder cohort characterised by (1) broadly intact cognitive function with mild selective impairments (72.3%), and (2) broadly impaired cognitive function (27.7%). However, the clusters did not significantly differ on clinical parameters or most sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate considerable cognitive heterogeneity among persons with body dysmorphic disorder, rather than uniform deficits. Poor performances in the broadly impaired subgroup may have driven group-level differences. However, our findings also suggest a dissociation between cognitive functioning and clinical characteristics in body dysmorphic disorder that has implications for current aetiological models. Additional research is needed to clarify why some people with body dysmorphic disorder demonstrate cognitive deficits while others do not.

scholarly journals Tracking motor activity in Virtual Reality to reveal cognitive functioning: A preliminary study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-46
Author(s):  
Nicolas Ribeiro ◽  
Toinon Vigier ◽  
Yannick Prié
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Virtual Reality Technology ◽  
Motor Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Assessment Measure ◽  
Preliminary Study

A challenge for cognitive research is the better understanding of how motor activity influences and is influenced by other cognitive domains. We developed a preliminary study to investigate whether tracking motor functioning in virtual reality provides useful insight on cognitive functioning. We chose the flankers task as an assessment measure and built a VR environment into which seven participants completed more than 1250 trials. In addition to classical results of the flankers task showing that incongruent stimuli induce slower responses than others., we also identified how individuals are able to correct their initially incorrect motor response. This indicator may shed new light into the functioning of cognitive control in the future. We discuss the potential offered by virtual reality technology for cognitive assessment through embodied considerations of cognition.

How do social cognition dimensions relate to DSM-5 dimensions of psychosis?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s241-s241
Author(s):  
A. Arous ◽  
J. Mrizak ◽  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Aissa ◽  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
The Face ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionExisting research shows that individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ) show substantial deficits in social cognitive domains, including facial emotion recognition (FER), empathy, and Theory of Mind (ToM). Their exact relationship with the different dimensions included in the “Clinician- Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity” of the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) remains unexplored.ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between different social cognition dimensions and the dimensions of psychosis included in the DSM-5.MethodsFifty-eight outpatients with stable SCZ completed the Intention-Inferencing Task (IIT), a non-verbal ToM task and the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE). They also completed a newly developed and validated FER task constructed from photographs of the face of a famous Tunisian actress and evaluating the ability to correctly identify Ekman's six basic facial emotions. The clinician-rated dimensions of psychosis symptom severity was used to evaluate 8 dimensions of psychosis.ResultsThe patients presenting higher cognitive empathy capacities had less present abnormal psychomotor behaviour scores (P = 0.05). Higher levels of affective empathy were correlated to lower present delusions score (P = 0.037). Better scores in the IIT were correlated to less present negative scores (P = 0.013) and less impaired cognition scores (P = 0.009). FER task score didn’t correlated with any clinical dimension.ConclusionsOur results suggest the existence of specific relationships between social cognition dimensions and psychosis dimensions. Further studies are needed to confirm these relationships.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The relationship between cognitive functioning and psychopathology in patients with psychiatric disorders: a transdiagnostic network analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
UnYoung Chavez-Baldini ◽  
Dorien H. Nieman ◽  
Amos Keestra ◽  
Anja Lok ◽  
Roel J. T. Mocking ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Network Analyses

Abstract Background Patients with psychiatric disorders often experience cognitive dysfunction, but the precise relationship between cognitive deficits and psychopathology remains unclear. We investigated the relationships between domains of cognitive functioning and psychopathology in a transdiagnostic sample using a data-driven approach. Methods Cross-sectional network analyses were conducted to investigate the relationships between domains of psychopathology and cognitive functioning and detect clusters in the network. This naturalistic transdiagnostic sample consists of 1016 psychiatric patients who have a variety of psychiatric diagnoses, such as depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive−compulsive and related disorders, and schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Psychopathology symptoms were assessed using various questionnaires. Core cognitive domains were assessed with a battery of automated tests. Results Network analysis detected three clusters that we labelled: general psychopathology, substance use, and cognition. Depressive and anxiety symptoms, verbal memory, and visual attention were the most central nodes in the network. Most associations between cognitive functioning and symptoms were negative, i.e. increased symptom severity was associated with worse cognitive functioning. Cannabis use, (subclinical) psychotic experiences, and anhedonia had the strongest total negative relationships with cognitive variables. Conclusions Cognitive functioning and psychopathology are independent but related dimensions, which interact in a transdiagnostic manner. Depression, anxiety, verbal memory, and visual attention are especially relevant in this network and can be considered independent transdiagnostic targets for research and treatment in psychiatry. Moreover, future research on cognitive functioning in psychopathology should take a transdiagnostic approach, focusing on symptom-specific interactions with cognitive domains rather than investigating cognitive functioning within diagnostic categories.

The Efficacy of Cognitive Remediation in Depression: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Therond ◽  
Patrizia Pezzoli ◽  
Maria Abbas ◽  
Andrea Howard ◽  
Christopher R. Bowie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Moderate Effect Size ◽  
Global Cognition

Background: Individuals with depression often experience cognitive deficits. Cognitive remediation (CR) is an intervention aimed at improving cognition in psychiatric disorders. However, its efficacy on global and specific domains of cognition in adults with depression requires systematic investigation. Further, given individual differences in treatment outcome, moderators of CR effects in depression need to be identified.Methods: We performed the largest systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials of CR in adults with depression. We analyzed results from ten studies to estimate the efficacy of CR on global cognition and on six cognitive domains. We also examined three potential moderators, namely session format (individual vs. group), treatment duration, and participants’ age.Results: CR was found to improve global cognition (g = 0.38), verbal memory (g = 0.47), attention/processing speed (g = 0.41), working memory (g = 0.40), and executive functioning (g = 0.30). No significant improvements emerged for visuospatial memory and verbal fluency. CR effects on global cognition were greater when delivered individually than in groups and when offered to younger participants. CR duration was not a significant moderator in the studies examined.Limitations: Conclusions are limited by the small number of studies, the heterogeneity in cognitive measures, and the lack of indicators of everyday functioning. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis supports the efficacy of CR in improving global cognition in adults with depression with a moderate effect size. This efficacy varies between cognitive domains and is moderated by session format and participants’ age.

Instructional influence on learning and decision making with respect to cognitive functioning

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S368-S368
Author(s):  
D. Frydecka ◽  
J. Drapała ◽  
B. Misiak
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Explicit Learning ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
Visuospatial Abilities ◽  
Neuropsychological Status ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionHumans learn how to behave both through rules and instructions (explicit learning) as well as through environmental experiences (implicit learning). It has been shown that instructions can powerfully control people's choices, often leading to a confirmation bias.AimTo explore confirmation bias with respect to cognitive functioning in healthy adult participants.MethodsWe recruited 25 healthy adult control subjects (9 males, 16 females, age 31.40 ± 6.08 years). Participants completed Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Status (RBANSS) as well as Instructed Version of Probabilistic Selection Task (IPST) (Doll et al., 2009).ResultsBased on the performance on IPST into two groups: a group with higher and lower susceptibility to confirmation bias. We found no difference between these groups with respect to any of the cognitive domains measured with RBANSS (immediate memory, visuospatial abilities, language, attention and delayed memory) (U Mann-Whitney test, P > 0.05).ConclusionIn healthy adults, susceptibility to confirmation bias is independent of cognitive functioning (immediate and delayed memory, visuospatial abilities, language and attention).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document