The Relationship Between Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Functioning in Patients with an at Risk Mental State for Psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S270-S271
Author(s):  
L. Leanza ◽  
L. Egloff ◽  
E. Studerus ◽  
C. Andreou ◽  
U. Heitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
At Risk Mental State

IntroductionNegative symptoms and cognitive impairments are both present in patients with an at risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis and negatively affect functioning and outcome. According to previous studies in patients with first-episode psychosis, negative symptoms are negatively associated with cognitive functioning while positive symptoms do not seem to be associated. Yet, little is known about the specific relationship of negative symptoms and cognitive functioning in ARMS patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate, the relationship between negative symptoms and cognitive functioning in ARMS patients.MethodsData of 154 ARMS patients were collected within the prospective Basel early detection of psychosis (FePsy) study. Negative symptoms were assessed with the SANS, positive psychotic symptoms with the BPRS, cognitive functioning with an extensive neuropsychological test battery. Multiple regressions were applied and results were controlled for age and gender.ResultsRegression analyses showed a significant, negative association between negative but not positive psychotic symptoms and cognitive functioning, showing the strongest association with verbal fluency (see Fig. 1). However, results mainly did not withstand correction for multiple testing.ConclusionsThe association found between verbal fluency and negative symptoms may be indicative of an overlap between those constructs. Finally, verbal fluency might have a strong influence on the clinical impression of negative symptoms, especially on alogia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The relationship between cognitive insight and cognitive performance among individuals with at-risk mental state for developing psychosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriyuki Ohmuro ◽  
Masahiro Katsura ◽  
Chika Obara ◽  
Tatsuo Kikuchi ◽  
Yumiko Hamaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Cognitive Insight ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
At Risk Mental State

scholarly journals Negative psychotic symptoms and impaired role functioning predict transition outcomes in the at-risk mental state: a latent class cluster analysis study

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 2311-2325 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Valmaggia ◽  
D. Stahl ◽  
A. R. Yung ◽  
B. Nelson ◽  
P. Fusar-Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Role Functioning ◽  
Latent Class Cluster Analysis ◽  
At Risk Mental State

BackgroundMany research groups have attempted to predict which individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis will later develop a psychotic disorder. However, it is difficult to predict the course and outcome based on individual symptoms scores.MethodData from 318 ARMS individuals from two specialized services for ARMS subjects were analysed using latent class cluster analysis (LCCA). The score on the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) was used to explore the number, size and symptom profiles of latent classes.ResultsLCCA produced four high-risk classes, censored after 2 years of follow-up: class 1 (mild) had the lowest transition risk (4.9%). Subjects in this group had the lowest scores on all the CAARMS items, they were younger, more likely to be students and had the highest Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score. Subjects in class 2 (moderate) had a transition risk of 10.9%, scored moderately on all CAARMS items and were more likely to be in employment. Those in class 3 (moderate–severe) had a transition risk of 11.4% and scored moderately severe on the CAARMS. Subjects in class 4 (severe) had the highest transition risk (41.2%), they scored highest on the CAARMS, had the lowest GAF score and were more likely to be unemployed. Overall, class 4 was best distinguished from the other classes on the alogia, avolition/apathy, anhedonia, social isolation and impaired role functioning.ConclusionsThe different classes of symptoms were associated with significant differences in the risk of transition at 2 years of follow-up. Symptomatic clustering predicts prognosis better than individual symptoms.

scholarly journals The reality of at risk mental state services: a response to recent criticisms

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison R. Yung ◽  
Stephen J. Wood ◽  
Ashok Malla ◽  
Barnaby Nelson ◽  
Patrick McGorry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Psychological Medicine ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
At Risk Mental State

AbstractBackgroundIn the 1990s criteria were developed to detect individuals at high and imminent risk of developing a psychotic disorder. These are known as the at risk mental state, ultra high risk or clinical high risk criteria. Individuals meeting these criteria are symptomatic and help-seeking. Services for such individuals are now found worldwide. Recently Psychological Medicine published two articles that criticise these services and suggest that they should be dismantled or restructured. One paper also provides recommendations on how ARMS services should be operate.MethodsIn this paper we draw on the existing literature in the field and present the perspective of some ARMS clinicians and researchers.ResultsMany of the critics' arguments are refuted. Most of the recommendations included in the Moritz et al. paper are already occurring.ConclusionsARMS services provide management of current problems, treatment to reduce risk of onset of psychotic disorder and monitoring of mental state, including attenuated psychotic symptoms. These symptoms are associated with a range of poor outcomes. It is important to assess them and track their trajectory over time. A new approach to detection of ARMS individuals can be considered that harnesses broad youth mental health services, such as headspace in Australia, Jigsaw in Ireland and ACCESS Open Minds in Canada. Attention should also be paid to the physical health of ARMS individuals. Far from needing to be dismantled we feel that the ARMS approach has much to offer to improve the health of young people.

Neurocognitive performances in participants of at-risk mental state for schizophrenia and in first-episode patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seza Özgürdal ◽  
Ekhart Littmann ◽  
Marta Hauser ◽  
Heinrich von Reventlow ◽  
Yehonala Gudlowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mental State ◽  
First Episode ◽  
At Risk Mental State

scholarly journals Neural correlates of visuospatial working memory in the ‘at-risk mental state’

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1987-1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Broome ◽  
P. Fusar-Poli ◽  
P. Matthiasson ◽  
J. B. Woolley ◽  
L. Valmaggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
At Risk Mental State

BackgroundImpaired spatial working memory (SWM) is a robust feature of schizophrenia and has been linked to the risk of developing psychosis in people with an at-risk mental state (ARMS). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the neural substrate of SWM in the ARMS and in patients who had just developed schizophrenia.MethodfMRI was used to study 17 patients with an ARMS, 10 patients with a first episode of psychosis and 15 age-matched healthy comparison subjects. The blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response was measured while subjects performed an object–location paired-associate memory task, with experimental manipulation of mnemonic load.ResultsIn all groups, increasing mnemonic load was associated with activation in the medial frontal and medial posterior parietal cortex. Significant between-group differences in activation were evident in a cluster spanning the medial frontal cortex and right precuneus, with the ARMS groups showing less activation than controls but greater activation than first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. These group differences were more evident at the most demanding levels of the task than at the easy level. In all groups, task performance improved with repetition of the conditions. However, there was a significant group difference in the response of the right precuneus across repeated trials, with an attenuation of activation in controls but increased activation in FEP and little change in the ARMS.ConclusionsAbnormal neural activity in the medial frontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex during an SWM task may be a neural correlate of increased vulnerability to psychosis.

Poster #40 LONGITUDINAL HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES AND PREDICTION OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME IN AT-RISK MENTAL STATE AND FIRST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. S199-S200
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Koike ◽  
Yoshihiro Satomura ◽  
Yukika Nishimura ◽  
Yosuke Takano ◽  
Norichika Iwashiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Mental State ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
At Risk Mental State

scholarly journals Neural correlates of executive function and working memory in the ‘at-risk mental state’

2009 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Broome ◽  
Pall Matthiasson ◽  
Paolo Fusar-Poli ◽  
James B. Woolley ◽  
Louise C. Johns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Fluency Task ◽  
At Risk Mental State

BackgroundPeople with prodromal symptoms have a very high risk of developing psychosis.AimsTo use functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neurocognitive basis of this vulnerability.MethodCross-sectional comparison of regional activation in individuals with an ‘at-risk mental state’ (at-risk group: n=17), patients with first-episode schizophreniform psychosis (psychosis group: n=10) and healthy volunteers (controls: n=15) during an overt verbal fluency task and an N-back working memory task.ResultsA similar pattern of between-group differences in activation was evident across both tasks. Activation in the at-risk group was intermediate relative to that in controls and the psychosis group in the inferior frontal and anterior cingulate cortex during the verbal fluency task and in the inferior frontal, dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortex during the N-back task.ConclusionsThe at-risk mental state is associated with abnormalities of regional brain function that are qualitatively similar to, but less severe than, those in patients who have recently presented with psychosis.

scholarly journals Criticism and Depression among the Caregivers of At-Risk Mental State and First-Episode Psychosis Patients

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0149875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Hamaie ◽  
Noriyuki Ohmuro ◽  
Masahiro Katsura ◽  
Chika Obara ◽  
Tatsuo Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mental State ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
At Risk Mental State
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