Centers of richness and endemism of Lauraceae in the Espinhaço Range, Brazil

Abstract—We describe and illustrate Paepalanthus fabianeae, a new species of Eriocaulaceae from the central portion of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Previous phylogenetic evidence based on analyses of nuclear (ITS and ETS) and plastid (trnL-trnF and psba-trnH) sequences revealed P. fabianeae as belonging to a strongly supported and morphologically coherent clade containing five other species, all of them microendemic, restricted to the Espinhaço range. Due to the infrageneric classification of Paepalanthus being highly artificial, we preferred not assigning P. fabianeae to any infrageneric group. Paepalanthus fabianeae is known from two populations growing in campos rupestres (highland rocky fields) in the meridional Espinhaço Range. The species is characterized by pseudodichotomously branched stems, small, linear, recurved, and reflexed leaves, urceolate capitula, and bifid stigmas. Illustrations, photos, the phylogenetic position, and a detailed description, as well as comments on habitat, morphology, and affinities with similar species are provided. The restricted area of occurrence allied with threats to the quality of the habitat, mainly due to quartzite mining, justifies the preliminary classification of the new species in the Critically Endangered (CR) category using the guidelines and criteria of the IUCN Red List.

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Population genetics of the endemic and endangered Vriesea minarum (Bromeliaceae) in the Iron Quadrangle, Espinhaco Range, Brazil

American Journal of Botany ◽

10.3732/ajb.1300388 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 101 (7) ◽

pp. 1167-1175 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

P. Lavor ◽

C. van den Berg ◽

C. M. Jacobi ◽

F. F. Carmo ◽

L. M. Versieux

Keyword(s):

Population Genetics ◽

Espinhaço Range ◽

Iron Quadrangle

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A Remarkable New Species of the Habenaria nuda Complex (Orchidaceae) from the Espinhaço Range of Eastern Brazil

Systematic Botany ◽

10.1600/036364421x16312067913561 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jo&#227o A. N. Batista ◽

Pablo B. Meyer ◽

Gabriela Cruz-Lustre ◽

Antonio L. V. Toscano de Brito

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Plastid Dna ◽

The State ◽

Chapada Diamantina ◽

Espinhaço Range ◽

Area Of Occupancy ◽

Eastern Brazil ◽

Quadrilátero Ferrífero ◽

Nuclear Its

Habenaria longissima, a new species from the H. nuda species complex, is described and illustrated. It is remarkable for the exceptionally long lateral segments of the petals and labellum, which are the longest among Neotropical Habenaria, both in absolute and inproportional terms. Despite the morphological similarity, Bayesian and parsimony phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear (ITS) and plastid DNA markers (matK), revealed that H. longissima is distantly related to other species of the complex, and constitutes an independent lineage. Its distribution is unusual in that it is the only species of Orchidaceae restricted to the Quadrilátero Ferrífero in the State of Minas Gerais and to Chapada Diamantina, in the central part of the Espinhaço range in the State of Bahia, with the populations 1000 km from each other. Habenaria longissima is a rare species, known only from three localities and four populations and informally proposed as Endangered due to the small area of occupancy and small number of known populations.

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Integrative assessment of the floristic diversity of Gentianaceae in an area of campo rupestre of the Espinhaço Range in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.500.2.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 500 (2) ◽

pp. 61-94

Author(s):

JÉSSICA LEÃO BARBOSA TANAJURA ◽

CAROLINA SANTOS PINHO ◽

RILQUER MASCARENHAS DA SILVA ◽

MARIA LUIZA SILVEIRA DE CARVALHO

Keyword(s):

Field Work ◽

Common Species ◽

Predictive Distribution ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Campo Rupestre ◽

Conservation Unit ◽

Habitat Specificity ◽

Floristic Similarity ◽

Espinhaço Range ◽

Integrative Assessment

This study aimed to assess the diversity of species in the Espinhaço Range (ER), eastern Brazil, using as a model the diverse plant family Gentianaceae and focusing on the Parque Municipal de Mucugê—Projeto Sempre Viva (PMM), a conservation unit with predominance of “campo rupestre”. For this purpose, fieldwork expeditions were carried out between the years 2016–2018 along with a survey of species of this family recorded for this conservation unit in public databases. For comparative purposes, the listing of species from other five areas of the ER were also surveyed and we modeled the distribution of species endemic to these mountains, taking into account that they have their restrict distribution, high habitat specificity and importance to the ecosystem. The results indicated the presence of 33 species of Gentianaceae for the ER, eight of them occurring in the PMM. Comparatively, the results pointed to a greater floristic similarity between the PMM, Pico das Almas and Catolés, due to the presence of seven common species. Predictive distribution modeling supports high endemicity of the analyzed species, given their low environmental suitability outside the ER. The models also allowed us to identify possible areas showing high Wallacean shortfall for these species. Thus, the results reinforce the importance of field work, access to physical and digital botanical collections and the integrated use of tools for a more reliable survey of biodiversity.

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Novelties from the Serra Nova State Park (Minas Gerais, Brazil): two new endemic species of Eriocaulaceae

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.505.2.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 505 (2) ◽

pp. 187-200

Author(s):

LIVIA ECHTERNACHT ◽

MAURÍCIO TAKASHI COUTINHO WATANABE ◽

CAROLINE OLIVEIRA ANDRINO

Keyword(s):

Endemic Species ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Red List ◽

Campos Rupestres ◽

Conservation Unit ◽

Inflorescence Architecture ◽

Espinhaço Range ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Iucn Red List Criteria

Two new micro-endemic species of Eriocaulaceae are described from the Campos Rupestres of Serra Nova State Park, a conservation unit located in the Espinhaço Range in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Herein we provide descriptions, illustrations, photographs and maps, together with notes on morphology, distribution, phenology, taxonomy, and conservation. Paepalanthus ferrugineus is distinguished mainly by the reddish-brown involucral bracts, surpassing the floral disc, with the apex attenuate and tufted adaxially, tufted sepals and hairy petals. Syngonanthus polyaxis is easily differentiated by the inflorescence architecture with three morphologically distinct axial parts. Both species are considered Critically Endangered according to the IUCN Red List criteria.

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Patterns of geographic distribution and conservation of the open-habitat avifauna of southeastern Brazilian mountaintops (campos rupestres and campos de altitude)

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia ◽

10.1590/s0031-10492010000100001 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 1-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos ◽

Marcos Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Geographic Distribution ◽

Bird Species ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Campos Rupestres ◽

Espinhaço Range ◽

Serra Do Mar ◽

Campos De Altitude ◽

Open Habitat ◽

Analysis And Synthesis

Montane open-habitats of southeastern Brazil are represented by the campos rupestres (principally in the Espinhaço Range) and by the campos de altitude (in the Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira). In spite of the occurrence of endemic species in both vegetation types, an analysis and synthesis of their bird communities have never been conducted. In this paper, we present an avifaunal survey of these areas, describe patterns of geographic distribution, and comment on the conservation of those open-habitats and their avifauna. A total of 231 bird species was recorded in the open-habitats of southeastern Brazilian mountaintops. In the campos rupestres, 205 species were recorded, while in the campos de altitude, the total was 123 species. Five patterns of distribution are recognizable among birds occurring in these habitats: non-endemic (191 species), Atlantic Forest endemics (26 species), Cerrado endemics (6 species), Caatinga endemic (1 species), and montane open-habitat endemics (7 species). In spite of the presence of several protected areas in those regions, the existing reserves do not guarantee the conservation of their important vegetation types and their avifaunas under current low levels of implementation. Since several endemic and threatened bird species live in the campos rupestres and campos de altitude, more efforts must be directed for their conservation.

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Anatomy of Brazilian Cereeae (subfamily Cactoideae, Cactaceae): Arrojadoa Britton & Rose, Stephanocereus A. Berger and Brasilicereus Backeberg

Acta Botanica Brasilica ◽

10.1590/s0102-33062007000400006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 813-822 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Patricia Soffiatti ◽

Veronica Angyalossy

Keyword(s):

Secondary Xylem ◽

Sieve Tube ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Campos Rupestres ◽

Espinhaço Range ◽

Diagnostic Characters ◽

Bordered Pits ◽

Companion Cells ◽

Southern Bahia ◽

Perforation Plates

(Anatomy of Brazilian Cereeae (subfamily Cactoideae, Cactaceae): Arrojadoa Britton & Rose, Stephanocereus A. Berger wâBrasilicereus Backeberg). Arrojadoa, Stephanocereus and Brasilicereus are endemic Brazilian Cereeae, occurring along the Espinhaço Range, in the campos rupestres, cerrados and caatingas, from northern Minas Gerais to southern Bahia. The genera are columnar, erect to semi-erect cacti, except for one species, A bahiensis, which is globose. This study describes the anatomy of dermal, fundamental and vascular systems, aiming to find diagnostic characters for the genera and species. Basal portions of stems were sectioned transversely and longitudinally, and stained with Astrablue and Safranin. The species share a uniseriate epidermis, with thick cuticle; well developed collenchymatic hypodermis, containing prismatic crystals; cortex with numerous mucilage cells, druses and vascular bundles; outside cortex as a palisade parenchyma; periderm composed of lignified cork cells alternating with suberized cells; pheloderm consisting of a few layers of thin-walled cells; phloem composed of solitary or multiple of two to three sieve tube elements, companion cells, axial and radial parenchyma; secondary xylem with solitary to multiple vessels, with simple perforation plates and alternate bordered to semi-bordered pits; axial parenchyma scanty vasicentric to incomplete; libriform septate fibres; large rays. Unlignified parenchyma is seen in the secondary xylem, varying from a few cells to bands among axial and radial elements. The following are considered diagnostic characters: the shape of lignified phellem cells, cubic to radially elongate, which individualizes S. leucostele; an underdeveloped hypodermis and the occurrence of sclereids in the cortex are exclusive to Brasilicereus markgrqfii.

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Encholirium pulchrum and E. diamantinum spp. nov. (Bromeliaceae) from the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Nordic Journal of Botany ◽

10.1111/j.1756-1051.2011.01472.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 153-158

Author(s):

Rafaela Campostrini Forzza ◽

Elton M. C. Leme ◽

Otávio B. C. Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Minas Gerais ◽

Espinhaço Range

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New occurrences of Paepalanthus mollis Kunth var. mollis: extending the distribution of Paepalanthus subg. Xeractis Körn. (Eriocaulaceae) outside the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Check List ◽

10.15560/13.3.2109 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 2109

Author(s):

Bárbara Mourão ◽

Marcelo Trovó ◽

Mariana E. Mansanares

Keyword(s):

Geographic Distribution ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Campos Rupestres ◽

Espinhaço Range ◽

New Occurrences

Paepalanthus mollis var. mollis is placed in Paepalanthus subg. Xeractis (Eriocaulaceae) and, until now, it was considered endemic to the campos rupestres of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. We report here the new occurrences of this species from the municipalities of Carrancas and Minduri, at the southern part of the mountain complex of Bocaina and Carrancas. These specimens confirm the occurrence of this species and the subgenus outside the Espinhaço Range. These occurrences are also the southernmost sites of geographic distribution of the group.

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Vulcânicas potássicas intemperizadas como protólitos dos filitos hematíticos da Serra do Espinhaço Meridional (Minas Gerais)

Geochimica Brasiliensis ◽

10.21715/gb2358-2812.2020342183 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 183-194

Author(s):

Alexandre Chaves ◽

Luiz Knauer

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Volcanic Rocks ◽

Alkaline Rock ◽

Major Elements ◽

Volcanic Origin ◽

Espinhaço Range ◽

Weathering Processes ◽

Igneous Layering ◽

Hematitic Phyllite

The hematitic phyllite is a rock that occurs in the São João da Chapada and Sopa-Brumadinho formations of the southern Espinhaço range. Its origin is widely discussed in papers on Espinhaço, but there is no consensus on its protolith due to certain characteristics of the lithotype, such as its chemical composition and textural features. The pattern of rare earth elements strongly enriched [(La/Yb)N 6.80-17.68], with light rare earth elements [(La/Sm)N 2.54-4.83] richer than heavy ones [(Gd/Yb)N 1.28-3,32], suggests that the protolith was an alkaline volcanic rock formed during the rift that generated the Espinhaço basin. The major elements indicate that the alkaline rock met weathering processes, becoming a regolith. During the Brasiliano metamorphism, it finally became hematitic phyllite. Other characteristics of the lithotype, such as the presence of sericite-bearing rounded parts (possibly formed by alteration and deformation of leucite crystals) and the preservation of igneous layering, suggest a potassic volcanic origin for hematitic phyllite. In diagram that allows identifying altered and metamorphic volcanic rocks, the investigated samples have composition similar to a feldspathoid-rich alkali-basalt, probably a leucite tephrite, a leucitite or even a lamproite, rocks from mantle source.

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