Investigation on spontaneous 4D changes in color and flavor of healthy 3D printed food materials over time in response to external or internal pH stimulus

2021 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 110215
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fathy Ghazal ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Bhesh Bhandari ◽  
Huizhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Internal Ph ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Over Time

Removing the Constraints of Disability

2021 ◽  
pp. 205-219
Author(s):  
Wadad Kathy Tannous ◽  
Laney McGrew
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Cultural Participation ◽  
Smart Glasses ◽  
Control Computer ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Over Time

One billion people globally live with disabilities that are physical, sensory, psychiatric, neurological, cognitive, or intellectual. Their disabilities are dynamic and can be temporary or permanent, singular or plural, from birth or developed, and can change over time. People with disabilities face barriers to economic, social, political, and cultural participation. Assistive technology, artificial intelligence, and broader technology can amplify their inclusion, participation, and independence. This chapter will highlight emerging and evolving technologies, rooted in machine learning and neural networks, which assist across different disabilities and seek to improve the user's sense of ability and independence. These include Seeing AI app, OXSIGHT, OrCam, Envision smart glasses, and Dot Watch for vision impairment; Ava app and cognitive hearing aid for hearing impairment; Liftware self-stabilising utensils for limited hand mobility; Eyegaze and Tobii – assistive technologies that allow users to control computer and smartphone screens with their eyes; and 3D printed prosthetics.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Calibration Method for Low-Cost MEMS Accelerometers Based on 3D Printing

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6454
Author(s):  
Jesús A. García ◽  
Evangelina Lara ◽  
Leocundo Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Position Accuracy ◽  
Mems Accelerometers ◽  
Sophisticated Equipment ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Error Terms ◽  
Over Time

A ubiquitous sensor in embedded systems is the accelerometer, as it enables a range of applications. However, accelerometers experience nonlinearities in their outputs caused by error terms and axes misalignment. These errors are a major concern because, in applications such as navigations systems, they accumulate over time, degrading the position accuracy. Through a calibration procedure, the errors can be modeled and compensated. Many methods have been proposed; however, they require sophisticated equipment available only in laboratories, which makes them complex and expensive. In this article, a simple, practical, and low-cost calibration method is proposed. It uses a 3D printed polyhedron, benefiting from the popularisation and low-cost of 3D printing in the present day. Additionally, each polyhedron could hold as much as 14 sensors, which can be calibrated simultaneously. The method was performed with a low-cost sensor and it significantly reduced the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the sensor output. The RMSE was compared with the reported in similar proposals, and our method resulted in higher performance. The proposal enables accelerometer calibration at low-cost, and anywhere and anytime, not only by experts in laboratories. Compensating the sensor’s inherent errors thus increases the accuracy of its output.

scholarly journals More Science with Less: Evaluation of a 3D-Printed Weather Station

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Theisen ◽  
Max Ungar ◽  
Bryan Sheridan ◽  
Bradley G. Illston
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Oklahoma Mesonet ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. A weather station built using 3D-printed parts and low-cost sensors was deployed alongside an Oklahoma Mesonet Station for an eight month study to determine the longevity of these sensors and their performance as compared with standard commercial sensors. The station was built based on plans and guidance provided by the UCAR 3D-PAWS project. While some of the sensors and components did degrade over time and in some cases completely fail, the results show that these low-cost sensors have the potential to perform just as well as the more expensive counterparts.

scholarly journals The treatment of scaphoid non-unions with partial and total scaphoid in titanium custom-made 3D-printed prostheses and reconstruction of scapholunate interosseous ligament: a preliminary study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Cioffi ◽  
Mario Igor Rossello
Keyword(s):  
Hand Surgery ◽  
Interosseous Ligament ◽  
Scaphoid Fractures ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTThe treatment of sequelae of scaphoid fractures is still one of the unsolved problems of hand surgery. Between January 2019 and July 2020 in the Hand Surgery Department of San Paolo’s Hospital in Savona (Italy) 9 partial scaphoid in titanium custom-made 3D-printed prosthesis have performed in 9 patients (all men) with an average age of 27.5 years (minimum 18-maximum 37 years). The aim of the study is to evaluate over time the clinical-functional and radiographic results of the wrists treated with partial and total scaphoid titanium custom-made 3D-printed prostheses and reconstruction of SLIL.

scholarly journals Review of Polymeric Materials in 4D Printing Biomedical Applications

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-You Shie ◽  
Yu-Fang Shen ◽  
Suryani Dyah Astuti ◽  
Alvin Kai-Xing Lee ◽  
Shu-Hsien Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
4D Printing ◽  
Current Application ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of 4D printing is to embed a product design into a deformable smart material using a traditional 3D printer. The 3D printed object can be assembled or transformed into intended designs by applying certain conditions or forms of stimulation such as temperature, pressure, humidity, pH, wind, or light. Simply put, 4D printing is a continuum of 3D printing technology that is now able to print objects which change over time. In previous studies, many smart materials were shown to have 4D printing characteristics. In this paper, we specifically review the current application, respective activation methods, characteristics, and future prospects of various polymeric materials in 4D printing, which are expected to contribute to the development of 4D printing polymeric materials and technology.

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

Articulatory Generalization in Two Word-Medial, Ambisyllabic Contexts

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
Suzanne D. Blocker ◽  
Norma J. Prater
Keyword(s):  
Common View ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unitary Concept ◽  
Over Time

Articulatory generalization of velar cognates /k/, /g/ in two phonologically disordered children was studied over time as a function of sequential word-morpheme position training. Although patterns of contextual acquisition differed, correct responses to the word-medial, inflected context (e.g., "picking," "hugging") occurred earlier and exceeded those to the word-medial, noninflected context (e.g., "bacon," "wagon"). This finding indicates that the common view of the word-medial position as a unitary concept is an oversimplification. Possible explanations for superior generalization to the word-medial, inflected position are discussed in terms of coarticulation, perceptual salience, and the representational integrity of the word.

Treatment Fidelity Procedures for an Aphasia Intervention Within a Randomized Controlled Trial: Design, Feasibility, and Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1S) ◽  
pp. 412-424
Author(s):  
Elissa L. Conlon ◽  
Emily J. Braun ◽  
Edna M. Babbitt ◽  
Leora R. Cherney
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Treatment Fidelity ◽  
Protocol Adherence ◽  
Study Condition ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Aphasia Therapy ◽  
Percent Accuracy ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This study reports on the treatment fidelity procedures implemented during a 5-year randomized controlled trial comparing intensive and distributed comprehensive aphasia therapy. Specifically, the results of 1 treatment, verb network strengthening treatment (VNeST), are examined. Method Eight participants were recruited for each of 7 consecutive cohorts for a total of 56 participants. Participants completed 60 hr of aphasia therapy, including 15 hr of VNeST. Two experienced speech-language pathologists delivered the treatment. To promote treatment fidelity, the study team developed a detailed manual of procedures and fidelity checklists, completed role plays to standardize treatment administration, and video-recorded all treatment sessions for review. To assess protocol adherence during treatment delivery, trained research assistants not involved in the treatment reviewed video recordings of a subset of randomly selected VNeST treatment sessions and completed the fidelity checklists. This process was completed for 32 participants representing 2 early cohorts and 2 later cohorts, which allowed for measurement of protocol adherence over time. Percent accuracy of protocol adherence was calculated across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition (intensive vs. distributed therapy). Results The fidelity procedures were sufficient to promote and verify a high level of adherence to the treatment protocol across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition. Conclusion Treatment fidelity strategies and monitoring are feasible when incorporated into the study design. Treatment fidelity monitoring should be completed at regular intervals during the course of a study to ensure that high levels of protocol adherence are maintained over time and across conditions.

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