Ectomycorrhizal community structure of the admixture tree species Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus, and Tilia cordata grown in bare-root forest nurseries

The production of tree seedlings in forest nurseries and their use in the replanting of clear-cut forest sites is a common practice in the temperate and boreal forests of Europe. Although conifers dominate on replanted sites, in recent years, deciduous tree species have received more attention due to their often-higher resilience to abiotic and biotic stress factors. The aim of the present study was to assess the belowground fungal communities of bare-root cultivated seedlings of Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Quercus robur in order to gain a better understanding of the associated fungi and oomycetes, and their potential effects on the seedling performance in forest nurseries and after outplanting. The study sites were at the seven largest bare-root forest nurseries in Lithuania. The sampling included the roots and adjacent soil of 2–3 year old healthy-looking seedlings. Following the isolation of the DNA from the individual root and soil samples, these were amplified using ITS rRNA as a marker, and subjected to high-throughput PacBio sequencing. The results showed the presence of 161,302 high-quality sequences, representing 2003 fungal and oomycete taxa. The most common fungi were Malassezia restricta (6.7% of all of the high-quality sequences), Wilcoxina mikolae (5.0%), Pustularia sp. 3993_4 (4.6%), and Fusarium oxysporum (3.5%). The most common oomycetes were Pythium ultimum var. ultimum (0.6%), Pythium heterothallicum (0.3%), Pythium spiculum (0.3%), and Pythium sylvaticum (0.2%). The coniferous tree species (P. abies and P. sylvestris) generally showed a higher richness of fungal taxa and a rather distinct fungal community composition compared to the deciduous tree species (A. glutinosa, B. pendula, and Q. robur). The results demonstrated that the seedling roots and the rhizosphere soil in forest nurseries support a high richness of fungal taxa. The seedling roots were primarily inhabited by saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi, while fungal pathogens and oomycetes were less abundant, showing that the cultivation practices used in forest nurseries secured both the production of high-quality planting stock and disease control.

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Impact of urban green spaces, native tree species and seasons on soil pH in Kaunas, Lithuania

BALTIC FORESTRY ◽

10.46490/vol25iss2pp257 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 257-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lina Straigytė ◽

Tadas Vaidelys ◽

Remigijus Žalkauskas ◽

Michael Manton

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Tree Species ◽

Betula Pendula ◽

Green Space ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Green Spaces ◽

Tilia Cordata ◽

Acer Platanoides ◽

Urban Green Spaces ◽

Different Types

Tree growth is sensitive to soil pH in urban areas and is often higher than in rural forest. However, there are knowledge gaps on how soil pH and alkalization are affected by urban environments and seasonal climate as well as the cascading effects on tree species. In order to fulfill these gaps, we analyzed the soil pHCaCl of four common native deciduous tree species: Acer platanoides, Tilia cordata, Quercus robur and Betula pendula in five different types of urban green spaces in Kaunas city municipality (Lithuania). The results show that soil pH in urban environments with Betula pendula sites were most alkaline (pH 7.04), whereas the soil pH of urban environments with Acer platanoides (pH 6.7) and Tilia cordata (pH 6.8) were most acidic. The soil pH of street tree greeneries was alkaline, while soils of peri-urban forests and large urban parks were acidic. Differently to natural conditions in peri urban forests the soil pH level drop down by 0.5 is observed during spring-autumn period in broad street greeneries with largest urban pressure. The variation in soil pH of the different types of green space and tree species shows that city planner should consider the unique conditions of all green space to maximize their potential for human well-being.

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Moss mites (Acari: Oribatida) in soil revitalizing: a chance for practical application in silviculture

Biological Letters ◽

10.1515/biolet-2015-0007 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 71-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrzej Klimek ◽

Stanisław Rolbiecki

Keyword(s):

Green Manure ◽

Betula Pendula ◽

Forest Succession ◽

Military Training ◽

Tilia Cordata ◽

Practical Application ◽

Number Of Species ◽

Forest Nurseries ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Land Improvement

Abstract The Oribatida (known as moss mites or beetle mites) increase the breakdown of organic material in the soil. The paper analyses the dynamics of their abundance and number of species after various treatments enriching the soil in 4 study areas: afforested post-agricultural area in the Tuchola Forest, afforested degraded post-military training area in Bydgoszcz-Jachcice, and forest nurseries at Białe Błota and Bielawy. The results show that in post-agricultural and degraded soils at the initial stages of forest succession, the density and number of species of oribatid mites were low, even after phyto-land-improvement (afforestation and lupin as green manure). In the forest nurseries, however, we recorded a positive effect of soil revitalizing after mulching with forest ectohumus (i.e. organic surface layer of the soil). The inoculation of soils with forest mesofauna appeared more effective in nursery plantations of silver birch (Betula pendula) and small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata), as compared with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Thus to revitalize degraded soils effectively and to accelerate forest succession, apart from phytoland- improvement, it is advisable also to reintroduce mesofauna, e.g. with the use of forest ectohumus.

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How do tree species characteristics affect the bacterial community structure of subtropical natural mixed forests?

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144633 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 764 ◽

pp. 144633

Author(s):

Hanjiang Nie ◽

Tianling Qin ◽

Denghua Yan ◽

Xizhi Lv ◽

Jianwei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Tree Species ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Mixed Forests ◽

Species Characteristics

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Effects of liming on ectomycorrhizal community structure in relation to soil horizons and tree hosts

Fungal Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.funeco.2009.01.006 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 103-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

François Rineau ◽

Jean Garbaye

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Ectomycorrhizal Community ◽

Soil Horizons

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A contribution to the knowledge of biology and harmfulness of Deporaus betulae (L.) (Coleoptera, Attelabidae)

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201260060317 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 317-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jaroslav Urban

Keyword(s):

Fagus Sylvatica ◽

Betula Pendula ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Alnus Glutinosa ◽

Field Studies ◽

Corylus Avellana ◽

Quercus Petraea ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Tilia Cordata ◽

Average Area

The paper deals with the occurrence, development and harmfulness of Deporaus betulae (L.). The majority of field studies was carried out at Training Forest Enterprise (TFE) Masaryk Forest in Křtiny (District Brno-venkov) in 2010 and 2011. In addition to this, the species was studied in detail also in a laboratory. It occurred mostly on Betula pendula and Carpinus betulus. Rarely, the species was found on Alnus glutinosa and Corylus avellana and only sporadically on Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Tilia cordata and T. platyphyllos. In the studied area, larvae and pupae hibernate. Beetles occur on trees from the end of April to the beginning of July, sporadically later. Females lay on average 2.5 (in the laboratory 4.4) eggs into rolls on B. pendula, on C. betulus 2.2 eggs. During two months, they damage on average 5.3 cm2 leaves creating 14 rolls and laying 35 eggs into the rolls. Larvae consume only 1.7 cm2 leaf blade. The development of the species takes three to four months from egg laying to the departure of larvae into soil. On leaves of B. pendula of an average area of 14.2 cm2, females roll up the same area (about 11.2 cm2) as on leaves of C. betulus of an area of 21.7 cm2. Into the rolls, they lay on average the same number of eggs. The average number of eggs in rolls increases with the increased area of B. pendula leaf blade. Trees partly compensate for the reduction of assimilatory area also by the growth of the area of neighbouring undamaged leaves (on average by 12.7 %).

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OVERSPREADING OF VISCUM ALBUM L. ON HONEY PLANTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF VINNYTSIA REGION

Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.37128/2707-5826-2019-3-4-16 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 195-202

Author(s):

Serhii Razanov ◽

Volodymyr Nedashkivskyi

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽

Viscum Album ◽

Tilia Cordata ◽

Acer Platanoides ◽

Local Damage ◽

Acer Campestre ◽

Tilia Platyphyllos ◽

Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽

Forest Lands

The intensity of damaging the nectar and pollen trees of forest lands, parks and woods in the conditions of Vinnytsia region has been studied. It has been found that in the zones of the highest local overspreading of Viscum album L. on the nectar and pollen trees, the following sequence of their damage is observed, in particular, in the conditions of forest lands: Tilia cordata L.-Tilia platyphyllos L. -Acer platanoides L.- Acer tataricum L.; in the parks: Acer platanoides L.- Acer tataricum L.- Tilia cordata L.- Acer campestre L.- Tilia platyphyllos L. - Robinia pseudoacacia L.; in the woods: Robinia pseudoacacia L. - Tilia platyphyllos L. - Acer tataricum L. It depended both on the composition of the nectar and pollen trees and their number in the area of distribution of the parasite. It was found that the level of damage to the nectar-dust-bearing trees of forest lands, parks and forest strips was respectively within 11.7% - 34.6%, 28.5% - 85.5% and 38.4% - 84.8%. Characterizing the intensity of distribution of white mistletoe within the forest lands, it should be noted that damage to the Tilia cordata L. – 34,6%, Tilia platyphyllos L. – 23,5%, Acer platanoides L. and Acer tataricum L.– 25,0% and 11,7% . In the conditions of park plantations, damage to Viscum album L.: Tilia cordta– 51,6%, Tilia platyphyllos L. – 52,9%, Viscum album L. – 28,5%, Acer platanoides L. – 85,5%, Acer campestre L. – 71,4% and Acer tataricum L.– 63,6%. Analysis of the intensity of Viscum album L. distribution on the nectar-pollen-bearing trees of the forest area under the highways showed that this parasite was damaged: Tilia platyphyllos L. – 38,4%, Viscum album L. – 84%, Acer campestre L. – 42,8%. The intensity of damage to nectar-pollen was found to depend on the dominant tree species in the area of local Viscum album L. In the woodland, a greater proportion of the nectar-bearing trees were Tilia, in the park zones – Acer platanoides L. and in the forest strips -– Viscum album L., at the same time, and a larger percentage were observed of damaged trees in these species. The distribution of Viscum album L. depended not only on the breed of nectar-pollen-bearing trees, but also on the number of trees of a particular variety in the area of their local damage by this parasite.

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O problema das espécies arbóreas exóticas comercializadas nos viveiros florestais: Estudo de caso no município de Juiz de Fora (MG) - The problem of exotic tree species marketed in forest nurseries: a case study in the municipality of Juiz de Fora (MG)

Revista de Biologia Neotropical / Journal of Neotropical Biology ◽

10.5216/rbn.v11i1.28346 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 28 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Norberto Emídio de Oliveira Neto ◽

Cassiano Ribeiro da Fonseca ◽

Fabrício Alvim Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Persea Americana ◽

Mata Atlântica ◽

Syzygium Jambos ◽

Morus Nigra ◽

Exotic Tree ◽

Mata Atlantica ◽

Forest Nurseries

O comércio de mudas florestais para a recuperação de áreas degradadas e reflorestamento é crescente e demanda cada vez mais conhecimentos sobre práticas de manejo na produção de essências nativas, adequadas aos padrões ecológicos locais e à legislação ambiental vigente. Entretanto, a comercialização de mudas exóticas ainda é prática comum nos viveiros florestais, não existindo, para a microrregião de Juiz de Fora, MG, informações sobre os tipos de mudas comercializados nos viveiros florestais. Neste estudo foram levantadas as espécies florestais comercializadas em oito viveiros florestais no município de Juiz de Fora, MG, e que abastecem os projetos de reflorestamento na região. As espécies foram identificadas e categorizadas em nativas da Mata Atlântica ou exóticas. Foram encontradas ao todo 147 espécies. Destas, 64 (43,5% do total) foram exóticas, sendo encontradas, com grande frequência (>50%) entre os viveiros, englobando espécies frutíferas com perfil tipicamente comercial, como Psidium guaja), abacate (Persea americana), amora (Morus nigra) e cítricas – laranja, limão e tangerina (Citrus sp.). Também foram registradas algumas espécies consideradas de alto potencial invasor nas florestas Neotropicais, como o Jambo-rosa (Syzygium jambos), comercializada em metade dos viveiros analisados. A presente análise evidencia uma grande produção e comercialização de espécies exóticas de mudas florestais, utilizadas nos projetos de reflorestamento do município, o que não condiz com a legislação florestal vigente e ainda pode ser considerado como grande risco em potencial para invasão biológica.

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ФІТОТОКСИЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ ДЕЯКИХ ДЕРЕВНИХ РОСЛИН

World Science ◽

10.31435/rsglobal_ws/31032019/6404 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (3(43)) ◽

pp. 40-45

Author(s):

Мегалінська Г. П. ◽

Пакірбаєва Л. В. ◽

Білик Ж. І. ◽

Даниленко Є. В. ◽

Гатальська Є. О.

Keyword(s):

Picea Abies ◽

Pinus Sylvestris ◽

Quercus Robur ◽

Betula Pendula ◽

Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽

Water Extract ◽

Populus Tremula ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Carpinus Betulus ◽

Phytotoxic Activity

The results of the study of phytotoxic effects of water extracts from Pinus sylvestris L., Betula pendula Roth, Quercus robur L., Picea abies (L.) Karst. P. excelsa Link, Carpinus betulus L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Populus tremula L., Crataegus submollis L. are presented. For а comparison of the phytotoxic activity of the investigated plants was used to measure the change in the intensity of the mitotic division, depending on the concentration of aqueous extraction of plant material (tangent trend curve of cytostatic activity). According to this parameter, the following row of phytotoxic activity of wood species can be ordered: Populus tremula, Betula pendula, Robinia pseudoacacia, Carpinus betulus, Acer platanoides, Tilia cordata, Pinus sylvestris. Water extract Quercus robur and Picea abies have discovered a phyto-stimulating effect. The results of the study allow us to discuss the possibility of introducing the parameter of the phytotoxicity coefficient to determine the allelopathic effect in the tree-tree system.

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