Changes in potentially toxic element concentration and potential ecological risk in topsoil caused by sewage sludge application on forestland: A 3-year field trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
pp. 119657
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Chu ◽  
Wenjun Yang ◽  
Dandan Xia ◽  
Zhiqi Liang ◽  
Sining Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
Potentially Toxic Element ◽  
Sludge Application

Spatial distribution of potentially toxic element and the potential ecological risk of wolfberry-soil system in genuine producing area of Ningxia，China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongning Zhou ◽  
Jiaqi Qin ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Yahong Zhang ◽  
Caihong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
Potentially Toxic Element ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract The potentially toxic element (PTE) content and physical and chemical properties of 37 wolfberry and root soil samples obtained from Zhongning county and Shapotou district (Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region) were analyzed, and a potential ecological risk assessment was performed. In addition, multiple linear regression and geostatistical methods were used to predict and analyze the PTE concentrations and potential ecological risks of both soil and wolfberries. The PTE content in the soil was within the standard limits, and only one wolfberry sample contained Cd exceeding the standard limit (by 2.7%). The other potentially toxic elements (PTEs) did not exceed the standard limits. In the regression fitting, the models obtained for Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni contents in the fruits showed a good correlation (p < 0.05), the PTE content of the soil showed an overall trend of high concentrations in the central part of the studied region. The ecological risk of Hg in the soil is rated as high, whereas the risks of the remaining PTEs were mostly medium or low. Further, the predicted PTE content of the wolfberries was generally high in the western region and low in the eastern region, although there were slight variations for different PTEs in some areas.

scholarly journals Migration and transformation of heavy metals during the microwave-assisted thermal hydrolysis of sewage sludge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Qiu ◽  
Jinxin Zheng ◽  
Chenchen Wang ◽  
Bingbing Wang ◽  
Nannan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Thermal Hydrolysis ◽  
Microwave Assisted

Abstract The migration, transformation and ecological risk of heavy metals (Cr, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in the sewage sludge during the microwave-assisted thermal hydrolysis process were investigated under different temperatures (80 °C, 100 °C, 120 °C, 140 °C, and 160 °C). The potential relationship between the bio-availability of heavy metals and the variables of microwave treatment, including pH, ammonium-nitrogen, soluble chemical oxygen demand, pH, soluble protein, soluble polysaccharide and volatile solid, was also explored. The results showed that the migration of heavy metals between solid-liquid phase mainly depended on the temperature. The percentage of all heavy metals (except Cu) in mobile (acid-soluble/exchangeable and reducible) forms decreased after microwave-assisted thermal hydrolysis treatment. The solubilization of compounds with C = O and O-H accompanied with the generation of organic and inorganic metal halides were also observed in the treated sludge through fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. NH4+-N showed the highest negative correlation to the bio-availability of most heavy metals (except Cu and Cr) with coefficients (absolute value) over 0.87 (P &lt; 0.05). VS showed a positive correlation to the bio-availability of most heavy metals (except Cu). The total potential ecological risk index (RI) decreased by 46.65% after microwave treatment at 160 °C.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk in Sewage Sludge from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Located in the Most Industrialized Region in Poland—Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malwina Tytła
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Chemical Forms

This study aimed to assess the pollution and potential ecological risk of seven heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the sewage sludge collected from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), located in the most industrialized region of Poland (Silesian Voivodeship). The concentrations of heavy metals were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical spectrometry (ICP-OES) and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS). The chemical forms (chemical speciation) of heavy metals were determined using the three-step chemical sequential extraction procedure, developed by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR). To assess the pollution level and potential ecological risk, the following indices were used: Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Factor (ER), Individual Contamination Factor (ICF), Risk Assessment Code (RAC), and Ecological Risk Factor (ERF)—the author’s index. Sludge samples were collected at successive stages of processing. The results revealed that the activated sludge process and sludge thickening have a significant impact on heavy metal distribution, while anaerobic digestion and dehydration decrease their mobility. The most dominant metals in the sludge samples were Zn and Cu. However, the content of heavy metals in sewage sludge did not exceed the permissible standards for agricultural purposes. The concentrations of heavy metals bound to the immobile fractions exhibited higher concentrations, compared to those bound to mobile fractions (except Zn). The values of the total indices indicated that sludge samples were moderately to highly contaminated with Zn, Hg, Cd, Cu, and Pb, of which only Hg, Cd, and Cu posed a potential ecological risk, while according to the speciation indices, sludge samples were moderately to very highly polluted with Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, and Ni, of which Zn, Ni, and Cd were environmentally hazardous. The obtained results proved that assessment of the pollution level and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sewage sludge requires knowledge on both their total concentrations and their chemical forms. Such an approach will help prevent secondary pollution of soils with heavy metals, which may influence the reduction of health risks associated with the consumption of plants characterized by a high metal content.

scholarly journals Soil from an Abandoned Manganese Mining Area (Hunan, China): Significance of Health Risk from Potentially Toxic Element Pollution and Its Spatial Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Luo ◽  
Bozhi Ren ◽  
Andrew S. Hursthouse ◽  
Jonathan R. M. Thacker ◽  
Zhenghua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Potentially Toxic Element

This study assessed the significance and potential impact of potentially toxic element (PTE) (i.e., Mn, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Ni) pollution in the surface soil from an abandoned manganese mining area in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, China, on the health of residents. The risks were sequentially evaluated using a series of protocols including: the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk index (RI), and implications for human health from external exposures using the hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR). The results revealed that Mn and Cd were the major pollutants in the soil samples. The ecological risk assessment identified moderate risks, which were mainly derived from Cd (82.91%). The results of the health risk assessment revealed that generally across the area, the non-carcinogenic risk was insignificant, and the carcinogenic risk was at an acceptable level. However, due to local spatial fluctuation, some of the sites presented a non-carcinogenic risk to children. The soil ingestion pathway is the main route of exposure through both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, with Mn being the major contributor to non-carcinogenic risk, with Cr and Cd the major contributors to carcinogenic risk. In addition, three pollution sources were identified through the Pearson correlation coefficient and principal component analysis (PCA), which included: a. mining activities and emissions from related transportation; b. natural background; c. agricultural management practices and municipal sewage discharge. The study provides information on the effects of spatial variation for the development of the abandoned mining areas and a useful approach to the prioritization of locations for the development and utilization of soil in these areas in China.

scholarly journals Induced changes of pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical traits of sewage sludge and on the potential ecological risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudineia de Souza Souza ◽  
Marcela Rebouças Bomfim ◽  
Maria da Conceição de Almeida ◽  
Lucas de Souza Alves ◽  
Welder Neves de Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Mobility ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index

AbstractBiochar from sewage sludge is a low-cost sorbent that may be used for several environmental functions. This study evaluates the induced effects of pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical characteristics of sewage sludge (SS) biochar produced at 350 (SSB350), 450 (SSB450) and 600 (SSB600), based on the metal enrichment index, metal mobility index (MMI), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Increased pyrolysis temperature reduced the biochar concentration of elements that are lost as volatile compounds (C, N, H, O, and S), while the concentration of stable aromatic carbon, ash, alkalinity, some macro (Ca, Mg, P2O5, and K2O) and micronutrients (Cu and Zn), and toxic elements such as Pb and Cd increased. Increasing the pyrolysis temperature is also important in the transformation of metals from toxic and available forms into more stable potentially available and non-available forms. Based on the individual potential ecological risk index, Cd in the SS and SSB450 were in the moderate and considerable contamination ranges, respectively. For all pyrolysis temperature biochar Cd was the highest metal contributor to the PERI. Despite this, the potential ecological risk index of the SS and SSBs was graded as low.

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